URINARY BLADDER & BULBOURETHRAL GLAND - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

URINARY BLADDER & BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

By:MURSHIDA BT SHAHUL HAMEED D11A019NURUL SYUHADAH BT RIBUAN D11A032NUR NABILA BT MOHD ROZAINI D11A027FATHIYAH BT MUHAMAD JUFRI D11A006AZREENASHAFIQAH BT AZMEE D11A005

Slide2

URINARY BLADDER- ANATOMICAL ASPECT

BY : MURSHIDA BT SHAHUL HAMEED

Slide3

Is a hollow musculomembraneous

organ that varies in form,size and position depending on the amount of urine it contains.Small and globular,when contracted and lies on the pubic bone.Carnivores-It extend into the abdomenLarger animals-it is confined to the pelvic cavity.During filling,it enlarges gradually and become pear-shaped.

Slide4

Slide5

The bladder can be divided into cranial vertex , Intermediate body and caudal neck which is continuous with the urethra.

The bladder is supported by double layers of peritoneum.Most of the surface of the bladder,except the caudal part of the neck of the bladder is covered with peritoneum,which continuous as the ligaments of the bladder onto the body walls.

Slide6

Slide7

HISTOLOGY OF URINARY BLADDER

BY: NURUL SYUHADAH BT RIBUANThe bladder has same tissue layers as renal pelvis and ureter. The layers are:

-Mucosa: Transitional epithelium

-

Submucosa

: Lamina

Propria

-

Muscularis

: Layers of smooth muscle

-

Serosa

: Visceral peritoneum

Slide8

Histology of mucosa

The inner portion of urinary bladderTransitional epithelium will change shape from cuboidal cells to squamous cells as the bladder expands.The epithelial layer not contain blood vessels or lymphatics. The basement is a single layer cells.The basement membrane separate epithelium from connective tissue.

 Basal layer of epithelium

Superficial layer of epithelium

Slide9

Histology of submucosa

The epithelium lies after connective tissue called lamina propria.It composed of areolar connective tissue (Soft tissue found in many areas including surrounding the blood vessels and nerves and forming the layer that flexibly attaches the skin to the muscles).It also contains blood vessels,nerves and sometimes glands.

Lamina propria

of the mucosa

Slide10

Histology of muscularis

Underneath of submucosa of bladder is a layer called muscularis.It consists of 3 layer of smooth muscles: inner longitudinal,middle circular and outer longitudinal.Contraction of these muscles expels the urine from the bladder.

Slide11

Histology of serosa

Serosa is covering the upper region of the bladder.Serosa composed of simple squamous epithelium overlying a small bit of connective tissue.The outer layer of bladder is adventitia which composed of connective tissue.The serosa is visceral peritoneum.Beyond of the serosa covering of bladder is perivesical fat.This is a layer of fat surrounding bladder.

Slide12

Bulbourethral Gland(anatomical aspect)

BY: NUR NABILA BT MOHD ROZAINI

Slide13

Also known as Cowper’s glands.One of the accessory gland for male reproductive system.Paired glands located on either side of the urethra.Tubular or tubuloalveolar

gland.Surrounded by striated muscle.Horse’s Bulbourethral glands, dorsal view

Slide14

The glands have ducts that empty into the urethra, the tube through which both urine and semen pass.Composed of several lobules held together by a fibrous covering. Lined

by columnar epithelial cells, opening into a duct that joins with the ducts of other lobules to form a single excretory duct.This ducts opens into the urethra at the base of the penis.

Slide15

Slide16

HISTOLOGY OF BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

BY: FATHIYAH JUFRI

Slide17

All domestic animals have bulbourethral glands except dogThe glands are compound tubuloalveolar glands ,structurally resemble mucus secretory glandsSimple columnar epithelium ,which varies in height depend on functional state of

gland,is under control of testosteroneSmaller excretory ducts from secretory units lined with secretory cells while larger excretory ducts exhibit pseudostratified or stratified columnar epithelium

Slide18

The glands exhibit either acinar secretory units or

tubular secretory unitsThe secretory cells are cuboidal,low columnar or squamous ,and light stainingFibroelastic capsule surrounds these glands contain connective tissue,smooth muscle fibers and skeletal muscle fibers in the interlobular connective tissue septumConnective tissue septa from capsule divide the gland into several lobules

TUBULAR SECRETORY UNITS

EXCRETORY DUCT

SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS(L)

SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS(T)

CONNECTIVE TISSUE CAPSULE

ACINAR TUBULAR UNITS

CONNECTIVE TISSUE SEPTUM

Slide19

Mouse Bulbourethral GlandsBulbourethral glands are androgen-regulated accessory glands that are analogous to Cowper’s glands in humansThe bulbourethral glands in mice are

multilobular.Each lobule composed of acini that opens into centrally located canal.Thin capsule of fibrous connective tissue surrounds and separates the acini.The acini composed of epithelial cells.

Slide20

In secretory state-epithelium has abundant ,foamy cytoplasmIn resting state—the cytoplasm is

eosinophilic(appearance of cell) and finey granular.Secretory cells are found mainly in body and resting cells are found in tail.The ductular epithelium is cuboidal.Older mice may develop cystic bulbourethral glands.

Slide21

ACINI TUBULAR GLAND lined by tall columnar epithelium

SKELETAL MUSLE

Slide22

Histology of male genital organ in mouse

BULBOCAVERNOSUS MUSCLE

Slide23

FUNCTION OF URINARY BLADDER & BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

BY: AZREENASHAFIQAH BT AZMEE

Slide24

URINARY BLADDER

An organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys before disposal by urination. -Urine enters the bladder via the ureter and exits via the urethra.

Slide25

BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

Male sexual glands. Located below the prostate and discharge a component of the seminal fluid into the urethra.Secretions provide fluid to lubricate and clean the lower urethra, which may have residue left from its use during urination.

Slide26

During sexual arousal each gland produces a clear, salty, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate. This fluid helps to lubricate the urethra for spermatozoa to pass through, neutralizing traces of acidic urine in the urethra, and helps flush out any residual urine or foreign matter.

It is possible for this fluid to pick up sperm, remaining in the urethral bulb from previous ejaculations, and carry them out prior to the next ejaculation. It also produces some amount of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and Cowper's tumors may increase PSA to a level that makes prostate cancer suspected.