Complete thought and can stand independently Not a complete thoughtmust accompany or be part of an independent clause otherwise it is a fragment Preceded by relative pronoun Preceded by subordinating conjunction ID: 756738
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Slide1
clausesSlide2
Clause: contains both a subject and a predicate
Complete thought and can stand independently
Not a complete thought—must accompany
or be
part of an
independent clause; otherwise it is a fragment
Preceded by relative pronoun
Preceded by subordinating conjunction
Preceded by noun clause identifierSlide3
Both are Clauses . . .
When
the ice cracked
The skaters sought safety
dependent
independent
S
V
S
VSlide4
Adjectival clauses
w
ho sometimes: when or where
whomw
hosewhichthatModify nouns and pronouns, providing necessary information about them. They usually begin with a
relative pronoun. The relative pronoun is the subject or object of the clause it begins and usually falls immediately after the noun or pronoun it modifies.Slide5
Mrs. Boyd ,who
is a teacher,
lost her book.
The book, which
belongs to Mrs. Boyd, is lost.The book arrived from New York which is where it is published.
Parents who are illiterate often have bad memories of school.
S
Adjectival clauses
S
S
S
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
S
S
S
SSlide6
Adverbial Dependent clause
Modify verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and whole groups of words. They tell how, why, when, where, under what conditions, or with what result. They always begin with a
subordinating conjunction.
a
fteralthough
asas ifas long asas soon asas though
because beforee
ven ifeven thoughifin order that
lest
n
ow that
s
ince
s
o that
t
han
t
hough
t
ill
unless
u
ntil
w
hen
w
henever
wherewherever
whileSlide7
Adverb clauses can be moved around in a sentence with no loss of clarity.
Mrs. Boyd could not read her book
because
she lost her glasses.
Because she lost her glasses, Mrs. Boyd could not read her book.
S
S
S
S
V
V
V
VSlide8
Noun clauses
Function as subjects, objects, and complements in sentences. Noun
clauses
replace a word
within a clause; therefore, they can be difficult to identify. They begin with noun clause identifiers.That
WhatWhateverWho whomWhoever
WhomeverWhenWhereWhetherWhy
HowSlide9
Noun Clauses
Whether
the program would succeed
depended on door-to-door advertising.
Teachers explained in person how the program would work.
Whoever seemed slightly interested was invited to an open meeting.A few parents were anxious about what
their children would think.
Sentence Subject
Direct Object
Sentence Subject
Object of Preposition
V
V
V
V
S
S
S
S
S
S
V
LV
V
VSlide10
Identify the dependent clause
Scientists who want to catch the slightest signals from space use extremely sensitive receivers.
Adjective Clause
2. Even though they have had to fight for funding, these scientists have persisted in their research.
Adverb Clause3. The research is called SETI, which stands for Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence.Adjective ClauseSlide11
4. The theory is that intelligent beings in space are trying to get in touch with us
.
Noun Clause
5. The challenge is to guess what frequency these beings would use to send signals
.Noun Clause