MSc Animal Molecular Genetics 2015 Subject Animal Breeding 3 rd stage Agricultural Engineering Sciences Animal Resources Dept E mail kamarantahasuedukrd 4 th Lecture ID: 1044167
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1. Lecturer: Kamaran Mustafa TahaM.Sc. Animal Molecular Genetics , 2015Subject: Animal Breeding, 3rd stageAgricultural Engineering Sciences - Animal Resources Dept.E. mail: kamaran.taha@su.edu.krd 4th Lecture Relationship
2. Relationship (R) :Is the degree of similarity between two individuals resulting from between them that carrying the same gene as a result of relationship. Relationship can be calculated as Coefficient Relationship (Rxy)Rxy = ∑(1/2)ⁿ Whereas (n) is the number of generates or shares within the lineage.
3. Coefficient of relationship in case of Half sibs:Example : In this mating calculate Rxy? A B x yRxy=∑(1/2)ⁿRxy=(1/2)2=1/4 = 0.25(It means that for each locus the offspring will have a probability of 25% to be homozygous because its parents received the same alleles from their common ancestor.)
4. Coefficient of relationship in case of Full sibs:Example: In this mating calculate Rxy ? Z W x yRxy=(1/2)2 + (1/2)2 =1/4+1/4 = 1/2
5. Example : In this mating find Ryz and Rab? A Y X B ZRyz= (1/2)2 + (1/2)2 =1/4 +1/4 = 1/2Rab = Zero
6. In breeding : Is the mating of relatives or is the mating of individuals more closely related than average of the population.Example: Flock in H.W Equilibrium with zygotic array AA Aa aa 0.25 0.50 0.25in the population the ratio of heterozygous individuals =0.5 with self mating the individuals FI will be,
7. P1 AA Aa aa 0.25 0.50 0.25 AA Aa aa F1 0.125 0.25 0.125 AA =0.375 aa=0.375 The percent of heterozygous in the flock will be decrease and increase homozygous.
8. Coefficient of Inbreeding (F)Is the probability that two alleles at a randomly chosen locus are identical.F ranges from 0 to 1 . Fx=1/2 Rxy .
9. Example1: in this mating calculate Fy ,Fz, Fx,FA and FB ? Y A C X Z BFy=1/2RABRAB=(1/2)2=1/4Fy=1/2×1/4=1/8Fz=1/2RABFz=1/2 ×1/4=1/8
10. FA=FB=ZeroFx=1/2RyzRyz=(1/2)4+(1/2)4+(1/2)2+(1/2)2 =1/16+1/16+1/4+1/4=5/8Fx=1/2×5/8=5/16 Y A C X Z B
11. Example 2:In this mating calculate RKL, Rxy, FK and Fy? OX K MY L N P
12. Example 2:RKL=(1/2)2+(1/2)2=1/2Rxy=(1/2)4+(1/2)4=1/8FK=1/2RMNRMN=ZeroFK=ZeroFY=1/2RLPRLP=ZeroFY= zero