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Reproductive and Reproductive and

Reproductive and - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2016-07-18

Reproductive and - PPT Presentation

Somatic Effort in Dogwoods What is life history An organisms typical pattern of Growth amp Survival Reproduction Grasses Trees fast growth quick repro slow growth delayed repro ID: 410117

buds somatic effort reproductive somatic buds reproductive effort leaf energy dogwood trees tree life history repro scars growth amp

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Slide1

Reproductive and

Somatic Effort

in DogwoodsSlide2

What is life history?

An organism’s typical pattern of :

Growth & Survival

Reproduction

Grasses

Trees

fast growth

quick repro

slow growth

delayed repro

vs.Slide3

All organisms have limited energy; they allocate some energy to somatic effort & some to reproductive effort

s

omatic & reproductive effort = trade-off

Components of Life History

TOTAL ENERGY

SOMATIC effort

E for growth/survival

REPRODUCTIVE effort

E for reproductionSlide4

Purpose

HOW do dogwood trees allocate their energy to SOMATIC and REPRODUCTIVE efforts??

Examine 3 theories on life history trade-off.

SOMATIC

REPROLEAF buds

FLOWER buds

vs.Slide5

Phenotypic Plasticity

A single organism can have >1 phenotype

Depending on environment, 1 tree can have multiple life history patterns

(differences in SOMATIC and REPRO effort

within one tree)Theory 1. Phenotypic plasticitySlide6

Phenotypic Plasticity

Trees with greater annual energy available will have greater reproduction.

Theory

2

. Sunlight affects reproductive effortSlide7

Age & Reproduction

All organisms need time for development before they begin to reproduce (mature)

Theory 3.

Age

affects reproductionSlide8

Field methods

Groups of 4 or 5

Go to either sunny or shady site (as assigned) and survey 20 trees.

1) Record number of leaf buds and flower buds per 40 buds on each tree. If you’re in the roadside environment, you’ll do 20 on the sunny side and 20 on the shady side. Data sheet is on page

63. 2) Measure the DBH (cm) of each tree trunk.Slide9

Dogwood Identification (Winter)

Flower buds

(reproductive)

Leaf bud

(somatic)BothSlide10

Bark: dark brown with squarish, scaly blocks.

Young trees will be smooth and not as distinctive. Slide11

Terminal Buds

Examples of different numbers of bud scales

Dogwood with

two bud scales.

Twigs are slender, green or purple.Slide12

Leaf Scars

Dogwood leaf scars are opposite, small, and encircle twig.

Example of alternate leaf scars

Opposite leaf scars

Terminal budSlide13

Dogwood Identification

Flowers: white, four petals (spring)

Fruit: bright red, in clusters (late summer, fall)

Leaves: opposite, veins curvedSlide14