Julian Julian When Constantine died most of his relatives were killed expect for the 3 brothers inheriting the throne and 2 of their cousins Gallus and Julian At the time of the massacre only ID: 610946
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Slide1
Post-Constantine
JulianSlide2
Julian
When Constantine died, most of his relatives were killed expect for the 3 brothers inheriting the throne and 2 of their cousins: Gallus and Julian.
At the time of the massacre, only
Constantinus
was in Constantinople, which is where it occurred.
Julian was convinced
Constantinus
ordered this even though no hard evidence surfaced.Slide3
Julian
Julian claims that Gallus was mortally ill and he was only 6 is why they were spared.
Gallus and Julian were kept from imperial court. Gallus was devoted to physical exercise and Julian loved philosophical studies.
Both were baptized and received Christian instruction.Slide4
Julian
Constantinus
became sole emperor and had no children so he called Gallus in 350 to be Caesar or junior emperor.
Gallus did not rule well and rumors circulated of him leading a conspiracy so
Constantinus
had him arrested and beheaded.Slide5
Julian
Julian became interested in ancient mystery religions and classical Greek
lietrature
Constantinus
gave Julian a shot at being
caesar
but with low expectations.
Julian actually ruled well and proved capable of be a good general as wellSlide6
Julian
Constantinus
became jealous because Julian proved capable as a leader and tensions rose.
He was preparing a campaign against Persia and called for Julian’s troops but they refused and claimed Julian as emperor.
Both sides braced for battle but
Constantinus
died before it occurred. Slide7
Julian
In 361, Julian became sole emperor
He first sought revenge on those who opposed him
He was known as Julian the ApostateSlide8
Julian
Sought to restore paganism so he brought back all of the items that Constantine had stripped from pagan temples to put in churches.
Organized the pagan priesthood and made it a hierarchy with regions and priests and but he was over all priests
Priests were to live good lives and give to charity. He did take some things from Christianity. Slide9
Julian
He ordered massive sacrifices to the gods
His programs were not popular though
He did not endorse persecution but some Christians were persecuted during his reign
His policy was to mock hinder the progress and mock ChristiansSlide10
Julian
He hindered by banning them from teaching classical literature
He mocked them by calling them Galileans
Julian was killed rather abruptly in battle against PersiaSlide11
Athanasius
Member of the lower class in Egypt
During early years stayed with the monks of the desert a lot
Big opponent of Arianism
Arius taught that Jesus was not GodSlide12
Athanasius
Eusebius of
Nicodemia
and other
oppnonents
sought to end him so they circulated rumors that he dabbled in magic and a tyrant of his Christian flock.
Athanasius went to the emperor to present his case but Eusebius has much clout with him so Constantine banished him form Alexandria.
Constantine died and the 3 sons allowed exiles to return homeSlide13
Athanasius
When he returned to Alexandria, there was an Arian party claiming the bishop seat.
He was again exiled to Rome for safety
While in Rome, he gained support from the Roman bishops for the Nicene position
A synod convened and declared Athanasius bishopSlide14
Athanasius
Constantine II died.
Constans
asked
Constanius
to allow Athanasius to return to
Alexanddria
so he did because he needed his support.
Athanasius was welcomed as a hero
Constanius
was pro-Arian so when he became sole emperor he he forced bishops to accept Arian views
Athanasius was sought and he fled to deserts againSlide15
Athanasius
He lived with monks 5 years
When Julian took over, Athanasius returned to his bishop seat
Arianism gained much ground while he was away
Finally in 381, even though he was dead, the
second ecumenical
council convened at Constantinople and ratified the Nicene creed.