2 See Page 719 for Detailed Objectives Objectives Overview Discovering Computers 2012 Chapter 14 3 See Page 719 for Detailed Objectives What Is Enterprise Computing Enterprise computing ID: 722907
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Slide1Slide2
Objectives Overview
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 14
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See Page 719
for Detailed ObjectivesSlide3
Objectives Overview
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 14
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See Page 719
for Detailed ObjectivesSlide4
What Is Enterprise Computing?
Enterprise computing involves the use of computers in networks, such as LANs and WANs, or a series of interconnected networks that encompass a variety of different operating systems, protocols, and network architectures
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Pages 720 – 721
Figure 14-1Slide5
What Is Enterprise Computing?
Types of enterprises include:Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 14
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What Is Enterprise Computing?
Most traditional enterprises are organized in a hierarchical manner
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Figure 14-2Slide7
What Is Enterprise Computing?
In an enterprise, users typically fall into one of four categories:
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Page 724
Figure 14-3
(strategic decisions)
Sample job tiles:
-chief executive officer
-chief financial officer
-chief information officer
-chief operating officer
-president
-vice president
(tactical decisions)
-Human resources manager
-public relations manager
-purchasing manager
(operational decisions)
-Office manager
-shop floor foreman
-supervisor
(on-the-job decisions)
-accountant
-engineer
-secretary
-other entry clerkSlide8
What Is Enterprise Computing?
Enterprise information is the information gathered in the ongoing operations of an enterprise-sized organization
Business intelligence: Includes several types of applications and technologies for acquiring, storing, analyzing, and providing access to information to help users make sound business decisions
Business process managementIncludes a set of activities that enterprises perform to optimize their business processes, such as accounting, finance etc.
Business process automation
Provides easy exchange of information among business applications, reduces the need for human intervention in processes
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What Is Enterprise Computing?
Managers coordinate resources by performing four activities
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Page 725
Figure 14-4
1. objectives, strategies, tactics
2. money, people, management, structure
3. communications, instructions, motivation
4. performance, measurement, corrective action
The four management activitiesSlide10
Information Systems in the Enterprise
An information system is a set of hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce information
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Figure 14-5Slide11
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Functional units within an enterprise might include:
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
Accounting software manages everyday transactionsBilling software helps the company reconcile purchases with customer paymentsFinancial software helps managers budget, forecast, and analyze
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Pages 726 – 728
Figure 14-7Slide13
Information Systems in the Enterprise
A human resources information system
(HRIS
) manages one or more human resources functionsEmployee relationship management systems manage communication between employees and the business
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Figure 14-8Slide14
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Computer-aided design (
CAD) uses a computer and special software to aid in engineering, drafting, and design
Computer-aided engineering (
CAE
) uses computers to test product designs
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Pages 728 – 729
Figure 14-9
-the use of computer software to simulate performance to improve product designs or
assist in the resolution of engineering problems of industries.
-simulation, validation, and optimization of products, processes, and manufacturing tools.
Fig: CAD: efficient way to develop plans for new productsSlide15
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Computer-aided manufacturing (
CAM) is the use of computers to control production equipmentComputer-integrated manufacturing
(CIM) uses computers to integrate the many different operations of the manufacturing process
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Page 729
Figure 14-10
Fig: CIM speeds the manufacturing process and reduces product defectsSlide16
Information Systems in the Enterprise
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Pages 729 - 730Slide17
Information Systems in the Enterprise
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
Sales force automation (SFA) software equips traveling salespeople with the electronic tools they need to be more productive
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Pages 730 – 731
Figure 14-12
Fig: SFA: allows the sales force to manage customer and prospective customer relationships more efficientlySlide19
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Distribution systems perform the following functions:
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
Customer interaction management (
CIM) software manages the day-to-day interactions with customers
(e.g. phone calls, email and Web interactions, IM sessions etc.)
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Figure 14-13Slide21
Information Systems in the Enterprise
The information technology (IT) department makes technology decisions for the enterpriseWhether to build or buy new information systems
When a computer or information system has outlived its useful lifeWeb site management programs collect data designed to help organizations make informed decisions regarding their Web presence
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
General purpose information systems generally fall into one of five categories
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
Batch processing vs. online transaction processing
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Page 733
Figure 14-14
1) Batch: early transaction processing systems:
-computer collects data over time and processes all transaction later, as a group
2) OLTP: computer processes each transaction as it is entered.Slide24
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Management Information System
Decision Support System
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Pages 734 – 735
Figures 14-15 – 14-16
Fig: Thee basic types of MIS:
-detailed
-summary
-exception
-generates accurate,
timly
and
Organisational
info to allows managers make decisions and solve problems
Helps users
analyse
info and make decisions
-gathers and presents info in form of graphs and reportsSlide25
Information Systems in the Enterprise
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Page 736Figure 14-17
-Captures and stores knowledge of Human experts tat will be used for Human reasoning and
deision
makingSlide26
Information Systems in the Enterprise
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Pages 737 - 739Slide27
Information Systems in the Enterprise
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Page 738Figure 14-18
Fig: ERP encompasses all of the major activities throughout a businessSlide28
Information Systems in the Enterprise
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Page 739Figure 14-19
CMS helps a company classify and manage volumes of documents and media for future retrieval and useSlide29
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
Some technologies used in enterprises include:
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Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
A portal is a collection of links, content, and services presented on a Web page that are interesting for a particular job function
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Pages 740 – 741
Figure 14-20
Fig: Portals allow users quick access to a multitude of information sources that they access on a regular basisSlide31
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
A data warehouse
is a huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions
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Page 741
Figure 14-21
Fig. A data warehouse can receive data from a variety of sources, including transactions, the internet, and web site visitor click streamsSlide32
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
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Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
Web services allow businesses to create products and B2B interactions over the Internet
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Pages 742 – 743
Figure 14-22Slide34
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
In a service-oriented architecture, information systems provide services to other information systems in a well-defined manner over a network
A document management system
(DMS) allows for storage and management of a company’s documents
Stored in a repository (central library)
E.g. Google docs, Office Live Workspace.
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Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
A workflow is a defined process that identifies the specific set of steps involved in completing a particular project or business process
E.g. in an Assurance company, a workflow Defines how the claim (from a customer) is:
Validated – processed – and paid.Workflow application:
Is a program that assists in management and
tracking of all activities in a business process
From start to finish.
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Figure 14-23
Fig. Workflow applications allow users to create visual workflowsSlide36
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies
A virtual private network
(VPN) provides mobile users, vendors, and customers with a secure connection to the company network server
(as they have a private line.)
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Pages 744 – 745
Figure 14-24
VPN allows a company to extend its internal network securely
.VPN ensures that data transmitted is safe
cannot be intercepted by unauthorized users
.secure connection is called VPN TunnelSlide37
Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources
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Pages 745 - 746Slide38
Virtualization and Cloud Computing
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Page 746
Cloud computing
is an Internet service that provides computing needs to computer users
Grid computing
combines many servers and/or personal computers on a network to act as one large computerSlide39
E-Commerce
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Page 747 Figure 14-25
Allows a variety of industries to extend their relationships to their customers via Internet
Fig. reviews some of the more popular e-commerce markets segmentsSlide40
Enterprise Hardware
Enterprise hardware allows large organizations to manage and store information and data using devices geared for:
Heavy useMaximum availabilityMaximum efficiency
RAID duplicates data and implements duplication
in different ways
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Figure 14-27Slide41
Enterprise Hardware
Network attached storage (
NAS) is a server that provides storage to users and information systems attached to the network
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Figure 14-28aSlide42
Enterprise Hardware
A storage area network (
SAN) is a high-speed network that provides storage to other servers to which it is attached
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Figure 14-28bSlide43
Enterprise Hardware
An enterprise storage system is a strategy that focuses on the availability, protection, organization, and backup of storage in a company
Goal is to consolidate storage
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Figure 14-29Slide44
Enterprise Hardware
A
blade server packs a complete computer server on a single card (called a blade) rather than a system unit
The individual blades insert in a blade server chassis
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Page 751
Figure 14-30
Fig: BS contains several very small servers, each on its own blade within the serverSlide45
Enterprise Hardware
A thin client is a small terminal-like computer that mostly relies on a server for data storage and processing
The processing for a thin client usually is done on a server
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Figure 14-31Slide46
High Availability, Scalability,
and InteroperabilityA high-availability system
continues running and performing tasks for at least 99 percent of the timeMay include hot-swapping
and redundant components
When a component fails, another
component takes over and the
system continues to function
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Pages 752 – 753
Figure 14-32
Fig. This heavy duty battery rack provides reliable backup power for enterprise Hardware Slide47
High Availability, Scalability,
and InteroperabilityScalability is a measure of how well computer hardware, software, or an information system can grow to meet increasing performance demands
Interoperability
is the ability for an information system to share information with other information systems within an enterprise
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Backup Procedures
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Figure 14-33Slide49
Backup Procedures
Continuous data protection provides automatic data backup whenever data is changed in an enterprise
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Figure 14-34Slide50
Backup Procedures
A disaster recovery plan
is a written plan describing the steps a company would take to restore computer operations in the event of a disasterContains four major components
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Pages 755 - 756Slide51
Video: A Tour of Lucasfilm
Data CenterDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 14
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CLICK TO STARTSlide52
Summary
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Chapter 14 Complete