From RDA - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

From RDA to RDF

Joan MilliganUniversity of Dayton LibrariesSlide2

RDA: Resource Description RDF: Resource Description

a

nd Access

FrameworkSlide3

RDA replaces AACR2RDF replaces

MARC Slide4

RDA-RDF Connection“The

Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC), as the premier cataloging cooperative, is very interested in paving the way for its institutional membership to engage in linked data creation, manipulation, and use.  This pursuit is meaningful for PCC because the full functionality of 

RDA—Resource Description & Access — is

dependent on a framework

that better accommodates linking data elements and that has the potential to take advantage of the Semantic

Web”—PCC, June 2014Slide5

TodayFrom MARC to LD

URIs: from documents to dataLinked Data tools BIBFRAME and BiblioGraph (RDF)Slide6

From MARC to LOD

1Slide7

What’s wrong with MARC?

Sculpture of Marc Antony, Budapest Museum of Fine ArtSlide8

Limitations of MARCMARC is focused on describing manifestations/items

MARC records can only be read by specific softwareNot discoverable by internet search enginesSlide9

How do we make our data into a form readable on the web?

Vip-effect.comSlide10

Europeana: Linked Open Data

Boticelli

, The Birth of Venus, 1486,

UfficiSlide11

URIs: from documents to data

2Slide12

Documents vs. data

HTML displays “strings of letters”

<h1></h1><p

></p>

Strings of characters: A computer doesn’t know what these

meanSlide13

Sometimes we don’t know what characters mean either. Example: What does this mean?peasants

крестьянин

农

αγρότες

فلاحSlide14

Relationship tags

change random strings of characters to readable data.

Variants

Broader terms

Narrower terms

Closely matchingSlide15

LC’s URI for peasantsSlide16

<li rel="

madsrdf:hasBroaderAuthority skos:broader"><div about

= "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115926

"

typeof

="

madsrdf:Topic skos:Concept madsrdf:Authority"><img src= "/static/images/flags/png /us.png“ alt="us: "/> <a href= "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/ sh85115926" property= "madsrdf:authoritativeLabel skos:prefLabel" xml:lang="en">Rural population</a></div></li><

li

rel

="

madsrdf:

hasNarrowerAuthority

skos:narrower

"><div about

=

"

http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91003252

"

typeof

="

madsrdf

:

Topic

skos:Concept

madsrdf:Authority

"

><

img

src

="/static/images/flags/

png

/ us.png

" alt="us:

"/>

http

://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91003252

"

property=

<a

href

="

madsrdf

:authoritativeLabel

skos:prefLabel

" xml:lang="en">Women peasants</a></div></li>Slide17

The computer can “understand”

peasantspaysans

איכר

농부

ખેડૂત

b

oeren campesinos

Diego Rivera,

Charger

flores, 1935, San Francisco

Museum

of Modern ArtSlide18

URI: Uniform Resource Identifier

Example:

id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2012001552

Slide19

What’s the difference between a URI and a URL

?

URI

 represents a person (or concept, etc.)

URL  a document about that person, or a photo, etc.Slide20

Uniform / Universal / Unique

id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099061

Pieter the Younger Breughel, Peasant Wedding Dance, 1607,

Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts,

Brussels

Monty Python and the Holy Grail, 1975Slide21

A famous peasant in the LC NAF

Artist unknown, Joan of Arc miniature, Archives

nationales

, FranceSlide22

Different approaches

978-0312227302

MARC

RDFSlide23

Linked Data tools

3Slide24

How do you make URIs?First, gather all the information you can about a subject.

photo_28768969_old-farmer-lady-collecting-potatoes-in-a-thatched-basket-in-her-garden.html Slide25

Reconciling vocabulariesSlide26

Controlled vocabulariesWritten by many people over many years, so cannot have the rigor of a formal ontology

Don’t match up well

A&AT<people in science-related occupations>

...

<people in agriculture or natural

resource occupations>...... <people in agriculture> ..........herdsmen.............. shepherdsLCSHShepherds Broader Terms: Herders Narrower Terms: Women shepherds Related Terms: Sheep; Sheep ranchers Closely Matching Concepts from Other Schemes: Bergers; SchäferShepherd and ShepherdessWinslow Homer, 1836-1910Slide27

OntologiesVery structured hierarchy – Rules (if, then) – Formal logic – Theory“After a few years the semantic web became synonymous with complexity and adoption was slow…. Publishing data and writing applications was too complex for non-experts, so only a few datasets were available” –

Linked Date for Libraries, Archives and Museums by Seth van Hooland

and Ruben Verborgh.Slide28

Controlled “vocabularies”VIAF – Virtual International Authority File

LC NAF – Library of Congress Name Authority FileISNI – International Standard Name

IdentifierORCiD

– Researchers self-register for an ID

DDC

– Dewey Decimal

AAT – Art & Architecture ThesaurusSlide29

How can we establish links between objects belonging to different collections, which have been indexed and cataloged with the help of different vocabularies? The technique of

vocabulary mapping or alignment attempts to create connections between existing vocabularies.

—Linked Data for Libraries, Archives and Museums

by Seth van

Hooland

and Ruben

VerborghShepherd and ShepherdessWinslow Homer, 1836-1910Slide30

Sharing Vocabularies: SKOSSKOS is a standard using RDF:

prefLabel broader

narrower related

closeMatch

exactMatchSlide31

sh85121349 a skos : Concept ;

skos : inScheme

http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects;

skos

:

prefLabel “Shepherds”@en; skos : broader :sh85001441, :sh85007461, :sh85007805 skos : narrower :sh85036235 :sh85039437 skos : closeMatch http://d-nb.info/gnd/41685855-3 skos : exactMatch http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/ Rameau/ark:/ 12148/cb119361753;Slide32

<li rel="

madsrdf:hasBroaderAuthority skos:broader"><div about

= "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115926

"

typeof

="

madsrdf:Topic skos:Concept madsrdf:Authority"><img src= "/static/images/flags/png /us.png“ alt="us: "/> <a href= "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/ sh85115926" property= "madsrdf:authoritativeLabel skos:prefLabel" xml:lang="en">Rural population</a></div></li><

li

rel

="

madsrdf:

hasNarrowerAuthority

skos:narrower

"><div about

=

"

http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91003252

"

typeof

="

madsrdf

:

Topic

skos:Concept

madsrdf:Authority

"

><

img

src

="/static/images/flags/

png

/ us.png

" alt="us:

"/>

http

://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91003252

"

property=

<a

href

="

madsrdf

:authoritativeLabel

skos:prefLabel

" xml:lang="en">Women peasants</a></div></li>Slide33

505+ Linked Open Vocabularies

lov.okfn.org/dataset/

lovSlide34

How do these URI’s get put together?

978-0312227302Slide35

What is RDF?Set of metadata specificationsA metadata model A Framework

With RDF.Slide36

RDF Triplets

Subject – Predicate – Object Slide37

RDF TriplesSlide38

Looking at BIBFRAME and BiblioGraph

4

Picnic, Mary

Mendell

, ca. 2010, private collection.Slide39

Two RDF modelsLibrary of Congress OCLCSlide40

Multiple libraries involved in studiesSlide41

Common Ground: Exploring Compatibilities Between the Linked Data Models of the Library of Congress and OCLC

by

Carol Jean Godby (OCLC) and Ray Denenberg (Library of Congress), January 2015.Slide42

BIBFRAME – Library of Congress“LC is developing BIBFRAME for data exchange in the linked data environment, taking into account

existing formats for resource description, as well as interactions with search engines; it must be designed as a persistent standard for library resource description”—

Common Ground by Carol Jean

Godby

(OCLC) and Ray

Denenberg

(Library of Congress), January 2015.BIBFRAME is a framework created from scratchSlide43

Examples of BIBFRAME properties &

classes

bf

:isbn13

bf

:Monograph

bf:title bf:HeldItembf:hasDerivative bf:Languagebf:hasDescription bf:Personbf:genre bf:Audiobf:place bf:CoverArtbf:classificationLcc bf:WorkSlide44

BiblioGraph - OCLC“By contrast, the linked data models being developed at OCLC optimize descriptions of library resources for discovery on the Web beyond libraries,

using the vocabulary designed for consumption by general-purpose search engines.”BiblioGraph

uses the Schema.org framework, sponsored by Google, Microsoft, Yahoo, and

Yandex

.Slide45

Different approachesBIBFRAMEDeep“[L]

ong-term curation by libraries and other cultural heritage organizations”BiblioGraph

Broad but shallow“[B]

ibliographic

resource description that [is] understandable and potentially useful outside their narrow communities of practice”

—

Common Ground, Godby and DenenbergSlide46

You are probably thinking:Are there any examples online?

Yes. Through the

Libhub

Initiative, many libraries, including the Denver Public Library, have had their records uploaded to the internet in BIBFRAME form.

coloradocreates.comSlide47

Libhub InitiativeThis DPL bib record was converted into BIBFRAME and is now discoverable on the web.

“ALCTS webinar: From MARC to BIBFRAME: an introduction”—

Victoria Miller, Zepheria, & Carolyn Hansen,

UCincinnati

, May 13, 2015Slide48

(Part of) URI for Ireland: id.loc.gov/vocabulary/geographicAreas/e-ie.html

<

rdf:Description

rdf:about

="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/

geographicAreas/e-ie"><skos:prefLabel xml:lang="

en

"

xmlns:skos

="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#">

Ireland

</

skos:prefLabel

>

<

skosxl:

altLabel

xmlns:skosxl

="http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#">

<

rdf:Description

><

rdf:type

rdf:resource

="http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#Label"/>

<

skosxl:literalFormxml:lang

="

en

">

Eire

</

skosxl:literalForm

></

rdf:Description

> </

skosxl:altLabel

>

<

skosxl:

altLabel

xmlns:skosxl

="http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#">

<

rdf:Description

><

rdf:type

rdf:resource

="http://

www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-

xl#Label

"/><

skosxl:literalForm

xml:lang

="

en

">

Irish

Republic

</

skosxl:literalForm

>

</

rdf:Description

>

</

skosxl:altLabel

>

…etc.Slide49

(Part of)BIBFRAME for book about Ireland<bf:Work xmlns:bf

="http://bibframe.org/vocab/" <bf:authorizedAccessPoint>McRedmond, Louis. Modern Irish lives :dictionary of 20th-century Irish

Biography </bf:authorizedAccessPoint>

<

bf:workTitle

rdf:resource="http://bibframe.org/resources/sample-lc-2/1216208title31"/><bf:contributor rdf:resource="http://bibframe.org/resources/sample-lc-2/1216208person32"/> <bf:language rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/eng"/><bf:subject rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/geographicAreas/e-ie"/>Slide50

Questions?

50 year old

Rwagasole

Damascene holds his son and some corn cobs from his field

... Dieter

Telemans

Nyamagabe, Rwanda, 2010