Test March 10 2017 All multiple choicematching Will cover integumentary system and Dean Vaughn Lessons 78 Functions of the Skin A Protection the skin is a physical barrier that protects against physical damage dehydration UV rays and ID: 779372
Download The PPT/PDF document "The Integumentary System" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
The Integumentary System
Test: March 10, 2017
All multiple choice/matching
Will cover integumentary system, and Dean Vaughn Lessons 7-8
Slide2Functions of the Skin
A.
Protection: the skin is a physical barrier that protects against physical damage, dehydration, UV rays, and
pathogenic invasion.
B. Body temperature maintenance: the skin contains
sweat
glands that secrete fluid to help regulate the body’s
temperature
C. Excretion: during perspiration, small amounts of wastes (salt, water, & organic compounds) are released
D. Perception of stimuli: many nerve endings and receptors are contained in the skin that detects stimuli related to temperature,
touch
, pressure, and
pain
.
Slide3The Skin: Made up of strata that have unique functions in the body
A. Epidermis: forms the outermost layer of the skin. The epidermis is made up of epithelial tissue. This type of tissue can also line internal organs and body
cavities
.
Keratin: a fibrous, water-repellent
protein
Melanocytes: produce melanin pigments. Melanin is responsible for protecting the skin from UV radiation. Different amounts of melanin can lead to different skin
colors.
Slide4B. Dermis: lies directly below the epidermis. It is made up of connective tissue, blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles and sebaceous and sweat glands.
Collagen
is main component of the connective tissue of the dermis. Gives skin its shape, strength, and elasticity. (Collagen comes from the Greek
kolla
=glue)
C. Subcutaneous Layer (hypodermis): deepest layer of skin situated below the dermis. Connects the skin to the surface of muscles. Important in providing heat insulation and protecting deeper tissues in the body.
Lipocytes
: cells that manufacture and store
fat
Slide5Pore of sweat gland
Hair shaft
Sebaceous gl.
Arrector
pilli
Sweat gland
duct
Hair follicle
Vein
Artery
Sweat gland
Lipocytes
Nerve fibers
Hypodermis
Dermis
Epidermis
Slide6D. Accessory organs of the Skin
a. Glands: cell or groups of cells that secretes specific substances
i
. Sebaceous: everywhere except palms and soles of feet; secrete sebum, an oily substance, into the hair follicles. It is a slightly acidic substance so prevents
bacterial
growth.
ii. Sweat glands: found on almost all exterior body surfaces. Coiled glands that terminate at openings called pores. Sweat is mostly water but also contains
salt
and metabolic waste products. The smell produced from sweat occurs when bacteria interact with sweat.
Slide7b. Hair: made up of fibers of dead protein cells filled with hard keratin. Connected to the skin via the hair follicle.
Arrector
pili
(small muscle fibers) attach to the hair follicles and can allow your hair to stand up when you’re cold or frightened.
Slide8c. Nails: made of hard
keratin
. Fingernails cover the
dorsal
surface of the last bone of each finger. Toenails cover the superior surface of each toe. Many health disorders result in altered growth and appearance of the nails. Basic nail structure:
i
. Nail plate: translucent part of the nail, which is closely molded to the underlying tissue.
ii. Cuticle: narrow band of epithelial tissue attached to the surface of the nail and at the base and sides of the nail plate.
iii. Nail root: area of the dermis where the nail rests
iv.
Lunula: semilunar, white area at the proximal end of the nail
Slide9Cuticle
Nail Plate
Lunula
Nail Plate
Nail Root
Slide10Skin Diseases and Conditions
A. Acne: inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces pimples on the skin.
B. albinism: inherited condition that prevents the normal production of
melanin.
Results in extremely pale skin and white hair.
a.
Albin
/ism
:_____________________________________
Condition of whiteness
Slide11C. Burns: injuries to skin tissue caused by prolonged heat contact
a. First-degree: superficial epidermal lesions, redness, blisters
b. Second-degree: epidermal and dermal lesions, redness, blisters, and hyperesthesia
Hyper/
esthesia
:
______________________________________________
c. Third-degree: epidermis and dermis are destroyed, severe hyperesthesia or anesthesia, depending on nerve damage
Above normal sensation
Slide12D. psoriasis: chronic disease marked by itchy, erythematous skin with silvery patches
E. Scleroderma: chronic, progressive disease marked by hardening and shrinking of connective tissue. Causes edema or pain in the muscles or joints.
Slide13F. Varicose veins: veins have a twisting appearance due to loss of elasticity
G. Vitiligo: Loss of pigment in one or more areas of the skin, creating milky-white patches