Chapter-4 PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION

Transcript:Chapter-4 PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION:
Chapter-4 PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY Constructing safe structures and providing safe working environment is a factor in successful construction business. Concern of safety starts from design stage and continues till the facility is delivered to the owner GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION Every large volume of construction project should have a safety department headed by a safety officer Safety measures may be in cooperated as a clause in contract document Previous safety record of a contractor is an important consideration in the pre qualification of contractor Safety is a cost item developed without providing funds 0.2% of estimated cost of construction project is used for safety management Safety education and training is the most important aspect of construction industry Government needs to improve safety inspection and data collection Contractor and trade unions in construction shall extend their concern to safety Safety measures should start at planning and design stage itself. Causes,effects and prevention of accidents Causes of accidents Planning ,organisation Defects in technical planning Fixing unsuitable time limits Assignment of work to incompetent contractors Insufficient of defective supervision of the work Lack of cooperation between different trades Execution of works Constructional defects Use of unsuitable materials Defective processing of materials Equipment Lack of equipment Unsuitable equipment Defects in equipment Lack of safety devices or measures Management and conduct of work Inadequate preperation of work Inadequate examination of equipment Imprecise or inadequate instructions from supervisor Unskilled or untrained operatives Inadequate supervision 5.Workers behavior Irresponsible acts Unauthorised acts Carelessness Effects of accidents Construction includes large number of methods-demolition,earthwork,digging shafts or tunnels,concreting,structural steel erections,drilling,piling,weldings and electrical fittings All methods are hazardous and performed under normal working conditions by unskilled workers Falls from scaffolds,ladders,roof and other heights ,failure of structure due to collapse,damage due to fire,other mishaps results in safety failures PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS First step in any accident prevention is to collect useful information about the accidents which have taken place in the organization Evolve a proper accident monitoring system Design of a system has proper orientation or prevention Machinery or equipment must kept in safe condition Slippery floors and dangerous stacking should be taken care of Training should be given in safe operations of machines and handling of equipments to all new entrants Arise safety consciousness among the employees Safety practices in construction industry Safety education and training of construction managers,engineers, supervisors, and workers should be done