GOOD MORNING CONTENTS SEPARATION OF THE TEETH - PowerPoint Presentation

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GOOD MORNING

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CONTENTS

SEPARATION OF THE TEETH

WEDGES

MATRICES USED IN THE DENTISTRY

CONCLUSION

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Contacts(proximal)

The proximal contact area refers to the proximal surface of one tooth that touches the proximal surface of other tooth

Improper proximal contact can lead to food impaction leading to gingival problems, caries and halitosis

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embrasures

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embrasures

These are V- shaped spaces that are present at the proximal contact area between the adjacent teethIncorrect embrasures will lead to decreased masticatory efficiency as well as injury to supporting tissues.

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Separation of teeth:-

Sometimes required in order to establish convenience for operating.

It also results in enhanced operative treatment and improvement in the health of teeth and supporting tissues.

It is done to facilitate creation of physiologically functional contact ,contour and occluding anatomy in the restored tooth.

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Indications for separation of teeth

To create space for the matrix

Preparation of the cavity

Gaining an impression(particularly in anterior teeth)

Facilitate finishing of restoration

Diagnostic analysis

For the removal of any foreign body that gets stuck in between teeth

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SEPARATION

OF TEETH

RAPID/IMMEDIATE SLOW/DELAYED

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RAPID/IMMEDIATE TEETH SEPARATION

Rapid movement of teeth to achieve the required separation by placing certain devices in between two adjacent teeth

a.WEDGE

METHOD

b.TRACTION

METHOD

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a.Wedge

separation:

Involves insertion of a pointed wedge shaped device b/w the teeth.

a.ELLIOT

SEPARATOR

:

-

for short duration separation

USES

: examining proximal surfaces or in final polishing of restored contacts

.

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B.WOOD/PLASTIC WEDGES:

Used in conjunction with matrices.

Triangular / round in shape

Base of triangle rests on gingival

interdental papilla.

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FERRIER DOUBLE BOW SEPARATOR:

Instrument engages the proximal surfaces of two teeth and then moves them apart

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wedges

Wedges are used to bring about separation of teeth and stabilization of the matrix

band.

“overhang” can be minimized or avoided by

use of wedges

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Objectives/functions

It prevents excess of amalgam from being forced into the gingival creviceIt assists in contouring the cervical part of proximal surface

It separates the teeth and stabilizes the matrix

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wedges

TYPES OF WEDGES

TRIANGULAR

ROUND

WOOD

PLASTIC

LIGHT NON-LIGHT

REFLECTING

REFLECTING

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ADVANTAGE OF WOODEN WEDGE

: easily cut, absorb water

.

ADVANTAGE OF PLASTIC WEDGE

:

can be

moulded

and bent

.

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wedginG

PIGGY BACK

WEDGE WEDGING

DOUBLE

WEDGING

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Types of wedging

Single wedging- if a single wedge is used

Wedge wedging-

O

ccasionally a concavity may be present on the proximal surface gingival to contact as in case of maxillary first premolar , a second wedge is placed over first in

occluso

-gingival direction, for proper adaptation of matrix band

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Piggyback wedging-

second smaller wedge placed on the top of first wedge

Parallel to the first one

Double wedge-

if the proximal box is wide

faiolingually

One wedge from the

buccal

and another from the palatal side

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Matrices used in dentistry:

Matricing

is the procedure whereby a temporary wall is created opposite to axial wall, surrounding areas of tooth structure that were lost during preparation.

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Parts:

2 parts:

1.BAND

2.RETAINER

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Requirements:

Possess exact 3-D contour

Capable of imparting this configuration to restoration.

Immobile

Not react/adhere to restoration.

Easy to apply & remove.

Extend below gingival margin &above marginal ridge height

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Types of matrix band

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Objectives:

Rigidity

Displace the

gingiva

& rubber dam.

Assures dryness & non-contamination.

Provide proper contact & contour for the restoration.

Maintain its shape during hardening.

Confine the restoration within the cavity.

Reduce amount of excess material.

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UNIVERSAL MATRIX(SINGLE BANDED TOFFLEMIRE)

-

used for

MO, DO, MOD

-

RETAINER

-

BANDS

1

.

UNCONTOURED

0.002inch(0.05mm)

0.0015inch(0.038mm)

2.PRECONTOURED

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Tofflemire

retainers:

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There are two knobs on the

tofflemire. The long knob changes the diameter of the loop and the short knob

locks the band in place.

Once

the band is in place, and facing the correct direction, turn the short

knob

to lock it into place.

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BANDS

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Burnishing matrix band

a.Band

on pad,

use small

burnisher

to deform

b.Large

burnisher

to smooth

c.Burnished

band

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Positioning band in universal retainer

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IVORY MATRIX NO. I

Indicated for unilateral class II cavity

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c.Ivory

matrix no.

8

Indicated for bilateral

class II cavity/

mesio

occlusal distal restorations.

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COMPOUND SUPPORTED

MATRIX

(anatomical matrix)

Described by

sweeney

Compound acts as retainer

ADVANTAGE

- More rigid

-Better contact &contour

-Easy to remove

-Requires very little proximal carving

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COMPOUND SUPPORTED MATRIX

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Automatrix

system(roll–in band matrix )

Retainerless

matrix system

4 types of bands that fits all teeth

BANDS

– height -3/16 to 5/16 inch

thickness - .oo15”(.038mm)

.oo2”(.05mm)

Band is self retained by auto lock loop either on facial/lingual surface

INDICATED

–Extensive

classII

especially those replacing 1 or 2 cusps

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automatrix

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S- shaped matrix

Indication-

facial/lingual extension class II ,

class III on distal aspect of

cuspid

,class IV , proximal extension of class V

A strip of

Cu,Sn

or Al (1/8’’length) made S-shaped

with mirror handle is used.

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T-shaped matrix

Indication

– class II

Premade brass/steel T- shaped strips are used

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Window matrix

INDICATED in some wide class V cavities

Either preformed windowed bands are used or a

tofflemire

/copper band is festooned & then window is cut coinciding with the cavity but smaller in size.

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Polyester matrices/plastic strips

Indication

–direct tooth colored rest.

classIII,IV

For silicate cement – celluloid strips

For composite – cellophane strips

Mylar strips

– for silicate & composite

T-shaped band strip matrix

is used for 2 adjacent

small class III cavity.

For

classIV

plastic strip is

folded in L – shape.

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Sectional matrices(

palodent

matrix)

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CLEAR MATRIX WITH LIGHT REFLECTING WEDGE

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Clear matrices FOR CLASSIII COMPOSITE

The matrix is placed before the etching and priming of a

tooth,This

protects adjacent teeth.

After composite

resto

., a matrix is pulled tightly around the tooth.

It allows the curing light to penetrate

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Transparent crown form matrix

.For bilateral

classIV

– use entire crown

For unilateral class IV – cut the crown I-G into

2 halves & use only the side corresponding to the location of the preparation

.

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Anatomic matrix

INDICATION:

class IV , V

Used for light & non light cured direct tooth

coloured

restoration

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omnimatrix

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FORCEP

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conclusion

No matrix technique is capable of the exact replication of normal anatomic contours of the restored teeth.

Wedging is universally imperative in order to eliminate cervical flash of restorative material.

The choice of matrix system may vary from individual to individual & from one tooth to other.

If proper contouring & wedging are utilized, deviations from normal are slight.

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REFERENCES

Operative dentistry by STRUDEVANT(5

th

edition)

Operative dentistry by MARZOUK(1

st

edition)

Operative

dentistrt

by CHARBENOU(3

rd

edition)

Operative dentistry by SCHWARTZ

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THANK YOU