PDF-(BOOK)-Neutron Stars: The Quest to Understand the Zombies of the Cosmos

The astonishing science of neutron stars and the stories of the scientists who study themNeutron stars are as bewildering as they are elusive The remnants of exploded stellar giants they are tiny merely twenty kilometers across and incredibly dense One teaspoon of a neutron star would weigh several million tons They can spin up to a thousand times per second they possess the strongest magnetic fields known in nature and they may be the source of the most powerful explosions in the universe Through vivid storytelling and onsite reporting from observatories all over the world Neutron Stars offers an engaging account of these stillmysterious objectsAwardwinning science journalist Katia Moskvitch takes readers from the vast Atacama Desert to the arid plains of South Africa to visit the magnificent radio telescopes and brilliant scientists responsible for our knowledge of neutron stars She recounts the exhilarating discoveries frustrating disappointments and heated controversies of the past several decades and explains cuttingedge research into such phenomena as colliding neutron stars and fast radio bursts extremely powerful but ultrashort flashes in space that scientists are still struggling to understand She also shows how neutron stars have advanced our broader understanding of the universeshedding light on topics such as dark matter black holes general relativity and the origins of heavy elements like gold and platinumand how we might one day use these cosmic beacons to guide interstellar travelWith clarity and passion Moskvitch describes what we are learning at the boundaries of astronomy where stars have life beyond death. Varun Bhalerao. California Institute of Technology. Collaborators: F. Harrison, S. . Kulkarni. , Marten van . Kerkwijk. , and others. Weighing in on Neutron Stars. Varun Bhalerao. Why?. How?. What?. Classes of objects. Secs. 37.1-37.3. Reminders. Lab . D1-LFA: . Light from Atoms . due Friday @ 4 (this will be the last lab for the semester). In-class Quiz #6 Thursday, November 20???. Keep, reschedule, or delete . will address chapter 37 only. Stars: . Insights . into their Formation. , Evolution & . Structure from their. Masses and Radii. Feryal Ozel. University of Arizona. In collaboration with T. . Guver. , M. . Baubock. , L. . Camarota. Phil Rosenfield, . Fridolin. Weber, Horst . Lenske. Outline. Neutron stars: a short synopsis. The structure of neutron stars. Modeling neutron stars. The equation of state. . Rotating or non-rotating. N. eutron . Stars Foreseen. . Supernova . End Products?. When a . supernova. goes off, we can speculate that:. The star might blow itself to smithereens, . scattering all its material into space and leaving . The Night Sky. The Milky Way. Stars (individual, binary, variable). Clusters (globular and open). Nebulae (reflection, emission, dark, planetary). SNRs, Neutron Stars, & Black Holes. Galaxies. The Universe. 20.11. 1. Neutron stars. T. he . remains of cores of some massive stars that have become supernovae. .. Cores are . a degenerate gas of mostly neutrons.. So much compression at each stage of core contraction that final radius is . Prof Wladimir . Lyra. Live Oak, 1119-G. Office Hours: Mon 4pm-5pm. Class hours: Mon/Wed 5pm-6:15pm. Evolution of high mass stars. The evolution we covered in last class is for low mass stars (. M < 4 M. The definitive visual guide to exploring all the marvels of the stars, the Milky Way, and the universe beyond.Chart the wonders of the cosmos in our own solar system and beyond with The Stars. Packed with 3-D artworks of each constellation and incredible new imagery from the Hubble Space Telescope, ground-based observatories worldwide, and more, this awe-inspiring guide features the most fascinating objects known to astronomy, from glittering star-birth nebulae to supermassive black holes.The position, size, and color of every night-sky object is revealed with unprecedented clarity, and a specially commissioned 3-D model of the celestial sphere that surrounds our planet charts all 88 constellations, together forming a complete map of the sky. From the Big Bang to the search for extraterrestrial life, key areas in astronomy and cosmology are covered, and colorful infographics distill a wealth of data into an easy-to-digest visual format.Whether you want to know more about space and the night sky or are eager to take up stargazing, The Stars is your guide to exploring these fascinating marvels of the universe. An historically unprecedented disconnect between humanity and the heavens has opened. Jo Marchant\'s book can begin to heal it. For at least 20,000 years, we have led not just an earthly existence but a cosmic one. Celestial cycles drove every aspect of our daily lives. Our innate relationship with the stars shaped who we are--our art, religious beliefs, social status, scientific advances, and even our biology. But over the last few centuries we have separated ourselves from the universe that surrounds us. It\'s a disconnect with a dire cost.Our relationship to the stars and planets has moved from one of awe, wonder and superstition to one where technology is king--the cosmos is now explored through data on our screens, not by the naked eye observing the natural world. Indeed, in most countries modern light pollution obscures much of the night sky from view. Jo Marchant\'s spellbinding parade of the ways different cultures celebrated the majesty and mysteries of the night sky is a journey to the most awe inspiring view you can ever see--looking up on a clear dark night. That experience and the thoughts it has engendered have radically shaped human civilization across millennia. The cosmos is the source of our greatest creativity in art, in science, in life.To show us how, Jo Marchant takes us to the Hall of the Bulls in the caves at Lascaux in France, and to the summer solstice at a 5,000-year-old tomb at New Grange in England. We discover Chumash cosmology and visit medieval monks grappling with the nature of time and Tahitian sailors navigating by the stars. We discover how light reveals the chemical composition of the sun, and we are with Einstein as he works out that space and time are one and the same. A four-billion-year-old meteor inspires a search for extraterrestrial life. The cosmically liberating, summary revelation is that star-gazing made us human. : Parts I. Extremely. . metal-poor. (EMP) . stars as . probes of . earliest. . heavy. . elements. . nucleosynthesis. Abundance. . curve. in . solar. system & neutron capture . processes. Rudy . Wijnands. Anton . Pannekoek. Institute for Astronomy. University of Amsterdam. 15 December 2015. Texas Symposium 2015, Geneva. X-. ray. . luminosity. Quiescence. Outburst. Low-mass X-ray binary transients. Frederick Seward. ABSTRACT. Neutron stars are predicted to be stable over the mass range ≈ 0.1 to ≈ 3M. ⊙. . At 1.4 M. ⊙. , 98% of the mass is in a core with . supernuclear. density and 1-2 % forms a thin crust and atmosphere . As mass decreases, the fraction of mass in the crust increases until at . Frederick Seward. ABSTRACT. Neutron stars are predicted to be stable over the mass range ≈ 0.1 to ≈ 3M. ⊙. . At 1.4 M. ⊙. , 98% of the mass is in a core with . supernuclear. density and 1-2 % forms a thin crust and atmosphere . As mass...