PDF-(BOOK)-Galactic Dynamics: Second Edition (Princeton Series in Astrophysics, 20)

Since it was first published in 1987 Galactic Dynamics has become the most widely used advanced textbook on the structure and dynamics of galaxies and one of the most cited references in astrophysics Now in this extensively revised and updated edition James Binney and Scott Tremaine describe the dramatic recent advances in this subject making Galactic Dynamics the most authoritative introduction to galactic astrophysics available to advanced undergraduate students graduate students and researchersEvery part of the book has been thoroughly overhauled and many sections have been completely rewritten Many new topics are covered including Nbody simulation methods black holes in stellar systems linear stability and response theory and galaxy formation in the cosmological context Binney and Tremaine two of the worlds leading astrophysicists use the tools of theoretical physics to describe how galaxies and other stellar systems work succinctly and lucidly explaining theoretical principles and their applications to observational phenomena They provide readers with an understanding of stellar dynamics at the level needed to reach the frontiers of the subjectThis new edition of the classic text is the definitive introduction to the field A complete revision and update of one of the most cited references in astrophysics Provides a comprehensive description of the dynamical structure and evolution of galaxies and other stellar systems Serves as both a graduate textbook and a resource for researchers Includes 20 color illustrations 205 figures and more than 200 problems Covers the gravitational Nbody problem hierarchical galaxy formation galaxy mergers dark matter spiral structure numerical simulations orbits and chaos equilibrium and stability of stellar systems evolution of binary stars and star clusters and much more Companion volume to Galactic Astronomy the definitive book on the phenomenology of galaxies and star clusters. Why is it important?. Black holes. ExoPlanets. Specialized Skills. Earnings/Wages. Related Jobs. Future Trends. Conclusion. Table of Contents. Many people believe that there are no new discoveries left to be made in astrophysics. . ronomy Astrophysics 586 49 Many historical processes are dynamic. Populations grow and decline. Empires expand and collapse. Religions spread and wither. Natural scientists have made great strides in understanding dynamical processes in the physical and biological worlds using a synthetic approach that combines mathematical modeling with statistical analyses. Taking up the problem of territorial dynamics--why some polities at certain times expand and at other times contract--this book shows that a similar research program can advance our understanding of dynamical processes in history.Peter Turchin develops hypotheses from a wide range of social, political, economic, and demographic factors: geopolitics, factors affecting collective solidarity, dynamics of ethnic assimilation/religious conversion, and the interaction between population dynamics and sociopolitical stability. He then translates these into a spectrum of mathematical models, investigates the dynamics predicted by the models, and contrasts model predictions with empirical patterns. Turchin\'s highly instructive empirical tests demonstrate that certain models predict empirical patterns with a very high degree of accuracy. For instance, one model accounts for the recurrent waves of state breakdown in medieval and early modern Europe. And historical data confirm that ethno-nationalist solidarity produces an aggressively expansive state under certain conditions (such as in locations where imperial frontiers coincide with religious divides). The strength of Turchin\'s results suggests that the synthetic approach he advocates can significantly improve our understanding of historical dynamics. Human Population Dynamics introduces theoretical frameworks and methodologies from different traditional disciplines to demonstrate how changes in human population structure can be addressed from several different academic perspectives. The book contains contributions from world-renowned researchers in demography, social and biological anthropology, genetics, biology, sociology, ecology, history and human geography. In particular, the contributors emphasize the lability of many population structures and boundaries, as viewed from their area of expertise. Used increasingly in telecommunications, scientific research, surveillance, and meteorology, satellites rely heavily on complex onboard control systems. This book explains the basic theory of spacecraft dynamics and control and the practical aspects of controlling a satellite. The emphasis is on analyzing and solving real-world engineering problems. Among the topics covered are orbital dynamics, attitude dynamics, gravity gradient stabilization, single and dual spin stabilization, attitude maneuvers, attitude stabilization, and structural dynamics and liquid sloshing. This book unifies all aspects of flight dynamics for the efficient development of aerospace vehicle simulations. Now in its second edition, its purpose is still to provide the reader with a complete set of tools to build, program, and execute simulations. Unlike other books, it uses tensors for modeling flight dynamics in a form invariant under coordinate transformations. For implementation, the tensors are converted into matrices, resulting in compact computer code. The reader can pick FORTRAN templates of missiles, aircraft, or hypersonic vehicles from the complimentary CADAC CD-ROM to jump-start a particular application, and plot the results of CADAC Studio. It is the only textbook that combines the theory of modeling with hands-on examples of three-, five-, and six-DoF simulations. This new and enlarged edition also serves as anchor for a self-tutoring, three-part course of aerospace simulations in C++, available from AIAA. advanced undergraduate and graduate instruction or for self-study. Seventy eight problems and nine projects amplify the topics and develop the material further. Qualified instructors can obtain a complimentary solution manual from AIAA. which reviewed state-of-the-art FORTRAN simulations, has been replaced by the description of three self-study CD-ROMs of aerospace simulations in C++. These CDs broaden the applications of this book by spanning from simple three degrees of freedom cruise missiles to high fidelity missiles, aircraft, and hypersonic vehicles. The new Appendix D lays the theoretical foundation of tensor flight dynamics. It contains the proofs of the rotational time derivative and the Euler transformation. This book is the second edition of a successful, self-contained text for those students and readers interested in learning hypersonic flow and high-temperature gas dynamics. Like the first edition, it assumes no prior familiarity with either subject on the part of the reader. This second edition has updated figures and data to complement the presentation and discussion of the fundamentals. New to this edition are educational tools that the author has found successful in previous books, namely the inclusion of: 1) previews of each chapter written in plain language to inform the reader why it is important to read and understand the material in the chapter, to highlight the important aspects, and to stir the reader\'s passion to consume the chapter: 2) design examples scattered throughout the book to illustrate the application of the fundamentals to the design of hypersonic vehicles and ground test facilities and 3) roadmaps at the beginning of each chapter to guide the reader comfortably through the material. New subjects discussed include shock-shock interactions, hypersonic waveriders, and aspects of hypersonic propulsion devices--always in light of the fundamentals emphasized in the main part of the book. An essential resource for graduate students and astrophysicistsThis is a comprehensive and richly illustrated textbook on the astrophysics of the interstellar and intergalactic medium--the gas and dust, as well as the electromagnetic radiation, cosmic rays, and magnetic and gravitational fields, present between the stars in a galaxy and also between galaxies themselves.Topics include radiative processes across the electromagnetic spectrum radiative transfer ionization heating and cooling astrochemistry interstellar dust fluid dynamics, including ionization fronts and shock waves cosmic rays distribution and evolution of the interstellar medium and star formation. While it is assumed that the reader has a background in undergraduate-level physics, including some prior exposure to atomic and molecular physics, statistical mechanics, and electromagnetism, the first six chapters of the book include a review of the basic physics that is used in later chapters. This graduate-level textbook includes references for further reading, and serves as an invaluable resource for working astrophysicists.Essential textbook on the physics of the interstellar and intergalactic mediumBased on a course taught by the author for more than twenty years at Princeton UniversityCovers radiative processes, fluid dynamics, cosmic rays, astrochemistry, interstellar dust, and moreDiscusses the physical state and distribution of the ionized, atomic, and molecular phases of the interstellar mediumReviews diagnostics using emission and absorption linesFeatures color illustrations and detailed reference materials in appendicesInstructor\'s manual with problems and solutions (available only to teachers) This book investigates the question of how matter has evolved since its origin in the Big Bang, from the cosmological synthesis of hydrogen and helium to the generation of the complex set of nuclei that comprise our world and our selves. A central theme is the evolution of gravitationally contained thermonuclear reactors, otherwise known as stars. Our current understanding is presented systematically and quantitatively, by combining simple analytic models with new state-of-the-art computer simulations.The narrative begins with the clues (primarily the solar system abundance pattern), the constraining physics (primarily nuclear and particle physics), and the thermonuclear burning in the Big Bang itself. It continues with a step-by-step description of how stars evolve by nuclear reactions, a critical investigation of supernova explosion mechanisms and the formation of neutron stars and of black holes, and an analysis of how such explosions appear to astronomers (illustrated by comparison with recent observations). It concludes with a synthesis of these ideas for galactic evolution, with implications for nucleosynthesis in the first generation of stars and for the solar system abundance pattern. Emphasis is given to questions that remain open, and to active research areas that bridge the disciplines of astronomy, cosmochemistry, physics, and planetary and space science. Extensive references are given. This is the definitive treatment of the phenomenology of galaxies--a clear and comprehensive volume that takes full account of the extraordinary recent advances in the field. The book supersedes the classic text Galactic Astronomy that James Binney wrote with Dimitri Mihalas, and complements Galactic Dynamics by Binney and Scott Tremaine. It will be invaluable to researchers and is accessible to any student who has a background in undergraduate physics.The book draws on observations both of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, and of external galaxies. The two sources are complementary, since the former tends to be highly detailed but difficult to interpret, while the latter is typically poorer in quality but conceptually simpler to understand. Binney and Merrifield introduce all astronomical concepts necessary to understand the properties of galaxies, including coordinate systems, magnitudes and colors, the phenomenology of stars, the theory of stellar and chemical evolution, and the measurement of astronomical distances. The book\'s core covers the phenomenology of external galaxies, star clusters in the Milky Way, the interstellar media of external galaxies, gas in the Milky Way, the structure and kinematics of the stellar components of the Milky Way, and the kinematics of external galaxies.Throughout, the book emphasizes the observational basis for current understanding of galactic astronomy, with references to the original literature. Offering both new information and a comprehensive view of its subject, it will be an indispensable source for professionals, as well as for graduate students and advanced undergraduates. An essential introduction to the theory of exoplanetary atmospheresThe study of exoplanetary atmospheres--that is, of planets orbiting stars beyond our solar system--may be our best hope for discovering life elsewhere in the universe. This dynamic, interdisciplinary field requires practitioners to apply knowledge from atmospheric and climate science, astronomy and astrophysics, chemistry, geology and geophysics, planetary science, and even biology. Exoplanetary Atmospheres provides an essential introduction to the theoretical foundations of this cutting-edge new science.Exoplanetary Atmospheres covers the physics of radiation, fluid dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, and atmospheric escape. It draws on simple analytical models to aid learning, and features a wealth of problem sets, some of which are open-ended. This authoritative and accessible graduate textbook uses a coherent and self-consistent set of notation and definitions throughout, and also includes appendixes containing useful formulae in thermodynamics and vector calculus as well as selected Python scripts.Exoplanetary Atmospheres prepares PhD students for research careers in the field, and is ideal for self-study as well as for use in a course setting.The first graduate textbook on the theory of exoplanetary atmospheresUnifies knowledge from atmospheric and climate science, astronomy and astrophysics, chemistry, planetary science, and moreCovers radiative transfer, fluid dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, and atmospheric escapeProvides simple analytical models and a wealth of problem setsIncludes appendixes on thermodynamics, vector calculus, tabulated Gibbs free energies, and Python scriptsSolutions manual (available only to professors) The study of cataclysmic variables - interacting binary stars containing a white dwarf accreting from an orbiting companion - is undergoing an exciting renaissance, as it embraces observations at all wavelengths. Cataclysmic variables allow, in particular, the direct and detailed study of equilibrium and non-equilibrium accretion discs in turn these developments also help in our understanding of X-ray binaries, black holes and active galactic nuclei. This timely volume provides the first comprehensive survey of cataclysmic variable stars, integrating theory and observation into a single, synthesised text. An introductory chapter gives the historical background of studies of cataclysmic variables. The author then goes on to give an up-to-date review of both the observations (at all wavelengths, and over all time-scales), the theories, the models of the structures and accretion processes believed to be involved. A very detailed bibliography is also provided to guide the reader to pertinent primary literature. This advanced undergraduate text provides broad coverage of astronomy and astrophyscis with a strong emphasis on physics. It has an algebra and trigonometry prerequisite, but calculus is preferred. It’s no secret that this world we live in can be pretty stressful sometimes. If you find yourself feeling out-of-sorts, pick up a book.According to a recent study, reading can significantly reduce stress levels. In as little as six minutes, you can reduce your stress levels by 68%.