BT 640 Navin Gupta Assistant Professor Dept of BSBE IIT Guwahati Email cnguptaiitgernetin Few images are from Google What do we know about Brain Orientations to Look at Any Idea ID: 930556
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Slide1
Neural Imaging and Signal Systems(BT 640)
Navin Gupta
Assistant Professor, Dept of BSBE, IIT GuwahatiEmail:cngupta@iitg.ernet.in
Few images are from Google
Slide2What do we know about Brain?Orientations to Look at? Any Idea?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide3Image from Dr.Marco Loggia Lecture, MGH Harvard
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin GuptaOrientations
Dorsal (Top), Ventral(Bottom); Rostral (Front), Caudal (Back)
Slide4Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
GuptaOrientations
Image from coursera lecture
Slide5Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture,
Univ of California @ Davis
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Orientations (Usually MRI)
Axial
Coronal
Saggital
Crown
Horizon
Bow of Arrow
Slide6Specialized cells in Brain. Any Idea?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide7Cells in Brain
Reference: https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/what-neuronNeural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin GuptaBrain consists of two types of specialized cells: Neurons & Glia
Neurons
:
Specialized type of cell for information transfer
Fire action potential (AP)
Structure of Neuron
Image: cnx.org
Dendrites:
Receive signals from neighboring neurons (like radio antenna).
Axon:
Transmit Signals over a distance (like telephone wire)
Axon Terminal:
Transmit Signals to other neuron
dendrites (like a radio transmitter).
Myelin Sheath:
Speeds up signal transmission along axon.
Slide8Types of Neurons?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide9Neuron Types in Humans
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Image from coursera lecture
Slide10Cells in Brain
Reference: https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/what-neuronNeural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin GuptaSecond type of specialized cellsGlial Cells:
Non-neuronal
cells
(i.e. Not
nerves
)
Do not fire AP (but view changing with research)
Produce myelin for axon/Remove neuronal secretions.
Slide11Regions of Brain. Any Idea?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide12Embryonic Development of Brain
Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture,
Univ of California @ Davis Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide13Regions of Brain at Birth
Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture,
Univ of California @ Davis Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide14Lobes/Fissures of Brain
Image from Dr.Octavio Choi
LectureOregon Health and Sciences University
Corpus Callosum bridge connects two
halfs
of the brain
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide15Function of Gyri (bumps)/Sulci (valley)
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide16Cerebral Hemispheres
Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture,
Univ of California @ Davis Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
Gupta
Gyri/Sulci
Slide17Cerebral Hemispheres
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Image from Textbook (Neuroscience, Claudia Krebs)
Slide18What are Broadmann Areas of Brain?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide19Broadmann Areas
1)Looked at regions of brain under a microscope. 2)Classified into sub regions based on cell types.3)Report Neuroimaging findings
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin GuptaImage from
Dr. Octavio Choi
Lecture
Oregon
Health and Sciences
University
Slide20Functional Classification of Brain Areas
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide21Functional Anatomy of Brain Regions
Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture, Univ
of California @ Davis Prefrontal cortex Sensory Areas
Motor Areas
Association areas
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide22Functional Anatomy of Brain (Prefrontal Cortex)
Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture,
Univ of California @ Davis Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide23Functional Anatomy of Brain (Visual Areas)
Image from
Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture, Univ of California @ Davis
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin
Gupta
Slide24Functional Anatomy of Brain(Diencephalon and Brainstem)
Image from
Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture, Univ of California @ Davis
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati-
Dr.Navin
Gupta
Limbic System
(Core Evaluations of external and internal environment)
Basic Life
support like respiration, heart rate
Slide25Functional Anatomy of Brain
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
(Thalamus)Image from coursera lecture
Slide26What is the function of Cerebellum?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide27Functional Anatomy of Brain
Image from Dr.Kia Shahlaie Lecture, Univ
of California @ Davis Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
(Cerebellum)
Slide28Is Plasticity of Brain true?
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin Gupta
Slide29Brain is Hierarchically organized
Neural Imaging/Signal Systems, IIT Guwahati- Dr.Navin
GuptaTextbook (Neuroscience, Claudia Krebs)
Slide30VASCULAR ANATOMY OF BRAIN
Brain
consumes tremendous amount of energy and oxygen is supplied by an intricate system of
arteries and veins.
Internal carotid artery
supplied blood to brain.
Image from
coursera lecture
Slide31VASCULAR ANATOMY OF BRAIN
Arteries
supplying blood to brain
Image from
coursera lecture
Slide32VASCULAR TERRITORIES OF BRAIN
Each Artery
supplies blood to a specific brain area.
Image from
coursera lecture
Slide33Any Questions?Thanks for Coming