PDF-(READ)-Space at the Speed of Light: The History of 14 Billion Years for People Short on

From the big bang to black holes this fastpaced illustrated tour of time and space for the astrocurious unlocks the science of the stars to reveal fascinating theories surprising discoveries and ongoing mysteries in modern astronomy and astrophysicsBefore the big bang time space and matter didnt exist In the 14 billion years since scientists have pointed their telescopes upward peering outward in space and backward in time developing and refining theories to explain the weird and wonderful phenomena they observed Through these observations we now understand concepts like the size of the universe still expanding the distance to the nextnearest star from earth Alpha Centauri 26 trillion miles and what drives the formation of elements nuclear fusion planets and galaxies gravity and black holes gravitational collapse But are these cosmological questions definitively answered or is there more to discoverOxford University astrophysicist and popular YouTube personality Dr Becky Smethurst presents everything you need to know about the universe in ten accessible and engagingly illustrated lessons In Space at the Speed of Light The History of 14 Billion Years for People Short on Time she guides you through fundamental questions both answered and unanswered posed by space scientists Why does gravity matter How do we know the big bang happened What is dark matter Do aliens exist Why is the sky dark at night If you have ever looked up at night and wondered how it all works you will find answersand many more questionsin this pocketsized tour of the universe. Time begins. The universe begins ~13.7 Billion years ago. The universe begins as the size of a single atom. The universe began as . a . violent expansion. All matter and space were created from a single point of pure energy . Space and Time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein. . S2.1 Einstein’s Revolution. Our goals for learning. What are the major ideas of special relativity?. What is “relative” about relativity?. A Timeline. What do you think you know about the Big Bang?. Take a couple of minutes to write down what you know, or think you know about the big bang.. The Universe and Time. The Big Bang is a theory that tells a story: the story of our universe.. The Universe is commonly defined as the totality of existence, including planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, the smallest subatomic particles, and all matter and energy. . Similar . Einstein and Newton. 1. Newtonian Gravity. Newton explains the universe using forces. 2. Newton. Newtonian gravitational theory is based on forces acting on one another.. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion (in a straight line) until acted upon by another force.. 1.6093. 1. DISTANCE. km. miles. LY (Light years). AU (Astronomical Units). Age of the Universe since Time began. 'C' = Speed of light / Second. 299,793. 186,283.  . 0.0020. 15,750,000,000 . 11. . What do you observe about the direction of the light shift for these galaxies?. Observation #1: . ALL GALAXIES ARE REDSHIFTED. What does this observation imply about the motion of galaxies relative to us?. Grendel. Chapter 5: The Dragon . Existentialism and . Nihilism. Existentialism. A philosophical school . of thought that presupposes the absence of . God [therefore a higher moral value] . and a total lack of meaning in life. . the Universe. The Uniform Temperature of the Early Universe. The brighter and darker spots in the microwave background correspond to hotter and cooler areas in the universe (at an age of 400,000 years). However, the hotter spots are only a tiny bit hotter than the cooler spots. So all . Travelling through and around Time and Space – The possibilities and impossibilities.. Famous Astronomers . Galileo. Nicolaus. Copernicus. For over a thousand years many Astronomers have gazed up at the stars, . 1.6093. 1. DISTANCE. km. miles. LY (Light years). AU (Astronomical Units). Age of the Universe since Time began. 'C' = Speed of light / Second. 299,793. 186,283.  . 0.0020. 15,750,000,000 . The time between two events depends on how far apart they occur, and vice versa. . Also, the entanglement is different for observers who move relative to each other. . One result is that time does not pass at a fixed rate. Rather, that rate is adjustable: Relative motion can change the rate at which time passes. . S2 and . S3: Special and General Relativity. We will consider just a small part of these – which introduce Einstein’s Special and General Theories of Relativity. Young . Einstein. (better than oldster disheveled version). . Light Year. How far is far?. How fast is fast?. What Is It?. A light year is the . . DISTANCE that light . . will travel, through a . . vacuum, in . one . year.. Calculate Seconds. . How many seconds are in a year? .