PPT-Hardy Weinberg: Population Genetics

Using mathematical approaches to calculate changes in allele frequenciesthis is evidence of evolution HardyWeinberg equilibrium Hypothetical nonevolving population preserves allele frequencies. Taylor Pruett. AP biology. 3. rd. block. British mathematician Godfery H. Hardy and German physician Wilhelm Weinberg.. Who are Hardy and Weinberg?. In 1908, Hardy and Weinberg came up with a mathematical model to estimate the genotypic frequencies of a population that is in genetic equilibrium.. Microevolution is a change in allele frequencies or genotype frequencies in a population over time. Genetic equilibrium in populations: the Hardy-Weinberg theorem. Microevolution is deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Gene and Genotypic frequencies. The Hardy Weinberg law states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.. Section 1 Vocabulary Pretest. Population Genetics. Microevolution. Gene Pool. Allele Frequency. Phenotype Frequency. Total genetic information in a population. Portion of gene copies of a given allele. Pre-Class Exercise . Learning Objectives. By the end of this session, students should be able to…. Illustrate how historical human migration patterns have contributed to genetic variation observed in modern populations.. Gene. Allele. Population. Gene . pool. Population Genetics. Starter - write biological definitions for the following key words:. Gene – a section of DNA that codes for a particular . protein/polypeptide. Wilhem Weinberg. (1862 – 1937). Gregor Mendel. G. H. Hardy. (1877 - 1947). (1822-1884). Lectures 4-11: Mechanisms of Evolution (Microevolution). Hardy Weinberg Principle . (. Mendelian. Inheritance). Page 400. A. Hardy-Weinberg Principle. 1. States that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies to change.. A. Hardy-Weinberg Principle. What is Population Genetics?. Describes allele and genotype frequencies in populations over space and time. Models evolutionary forces (survival, mutation, migration, etc.). Models are generally limited to one or a few loci. Patterns of inheritance. Starter . No two people are exactly the same. How is this possible?. What causes variation?. The current population of planet Earth is more than . 7 billion people!. Causes of variation. individuals in that population that possess a certain allele is called the allele frequency. Populations can have allele frequencies, but individuals cannot. This makes populations a reasonable hier Gene pool. Allele frequencies. DEFINITIONS. Gene pool. All the alleles of all the genes of all the individuals of an entire population. Allele frequencies. The number of times an allele for a particular gene occurs within a gene pool. Reflects the frequency of alleles in a population of organisms under ideal conditions.. . 64NB. p. 2. + 2pq + q. 2. = 1. p + q = 1. Hardy Weinburg Equilibrium. Applies only to sexually reproducing organisms.. General Information . Biosphere: . Part of Earth where life exists including land, water and air and atmosphere.. Ecosystem: . All organisms that live in a place, together with the nonliving environment (soil, sun, water etc…) .