The Kingdom Formally Known as Protista Protists are singlecelled and usually move by cilia flagella or by amoeboid mechanisms The Artist Fomerly Known as Prince DOMAIN EUKARYA KINGDOM PROTISTA ID: 935805
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Slide1
The Kingdom Formerly Known as Protista
Slide2The Kingdom Formally Known as Protista
Protists are
single-celled
and usually move by cilia, flagella, or by amoeboid mechanisms.
Slide3The Artist Fomerly Known as Prince
Slide4Slide5DOMAIN EUKARYA
“KINGDOM PROTISTA”
Some are single cellular and some are multicellular
Slide6“Kingdom- Protista”
They have organelles including a nucleus and may have chloroplasts, so some will be green and others won't be.
Slide7“Kingdom- Protista”
They are small, although many are big enough to be recognized in a dissecting microscope or even with a magnifying glass.
Autotroph
Slide8“Kingdom- Protista”
Nutrients are acquired by photosynthesis,
ingestion
of other organisms, or both. 50,000 Species
Slide9Algae
Algae are a diverse group of protists. They range in size from microscopic Single-celled organisms to large Seaweeds that may be hundreds of feet long.
Slide10Algae
These plant-like protists all carry on photosynthesis.
Although most algae are single-cell organisms, some are large multicellular organisms.
The largest algae are the seaweeds known as kelp that are hundreds of feet long.
All algae, no matter their size, lack tissue differentiation. Most aquatic algae compose the phytoplankton, the foundation of aquatic food chains. Phytoplankton produces almost half the world's carbohydrates and oxygen.
Slide11Algae
Algae are
AUTOTROPHIC
Protists- they are called Plant-like because they perform PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Like plants, Algae contain CHLOROPHYLL and produce their own Carbohydrates giving off Oxygen as a by-product of Photosynthesis.
Slide12Algae are Different from Plants
Algae are Different from Plants Because they LACK Tissue Differentiation and have No True Roots, Leaves or Stems.
Slide13Algae Photos
Slide14Algae Photomicrographs
Slide15Algae Photomicrographs
Slide16brown algae
Slide17red algae
Algae
produces almost half the world's carbohydrates and oxygen.
Slide18green algae
photosynthesis
Slide19Rhodophyta (Red algae)
Slide20Phaeophyta (Brown algae)
Slide21Slide22UNICELLULAR ALGAE
Slide23COLONIAL ALGAE
Slide24FILAMENTOUS ALGAE
Slide25MULTICELLULAR ALGAE
Slide26PHYLUM CHLOROPHYTA- GREEN ALGAE
Slide27PHYLUM PHAEOPHYTA - BROWN ALGAE
Slide28PHYLUM RHODOPHYTA - RED ALGAE
Slide29The END
Slide30T
HE FOUR PHYLA OF PROTOZOANS
A.
PHYLUM SARCODINA
(SCARCODINIANS) MOVE BY EXTENDING Their CYTOPLASM.
B.
PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
(ZOOFLAGELLATES) PROPEL THEMSELVES
BY FLAGELLA. (c)
C.
PHYLUM CILIOPHORA
(CILIAPHORANS) OR CILIATES MOVE BY HAIRLIKE CILIA. (a)
D.
PHYLUM SPOROZOA
(SPOROZOANS) DO NOT MOVE BY THEMSELVES AT ALL. (b)
Slide31PHYLUM SARCODINA
Slide32PHYLUM SARCODINA
Slide33The extending pseudopod of a protozoan like an Amoeba.
Slide34Marine amoeba
Slide35HUMAN DISEASE-
PHYLUM SARCODINA
Amoebas can spread by Water, in Food, or on Dishes causing AMEBIC DYSENTERY which can be Fatal.
It lives in the Large Intestines, where it secretes Enzymes that attack the Intestinal Lining and causing deep Ulcers. Affected individuals feel intense pain, and complications arise when the amoebas are carried by the blood to the liver and other organs. This is where the saying "Don't Drink the Water" in certain countries comes from. Travelers are warned never to drink UNTREATED WATER to avoid Amebic Dysentery.
Slide36PHYLUM CILIOPHORA
, CILIAPHORANS or CILIATES
The 8,000 species that make up the Phylum Ciliophora swim by means of
CILIA, which are short, hairlike cytoplasmic projections that line the cell membrane. The Cilia is used for movement by Beating like Oars to propel the Protists. Most Ciliates live in Freshwater.
A common freshwater ciliate is the Paramecium.
Slide37Slide38Beating cilia of a protozoan
Slide39The cilia movement of a ciliated species of protozoa.
Slide40PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
The 2,500 species that make up the Phylum Zoomastigna are characterized by the presence of one or more FLAGELLA, used for moving.
Slide41PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
The 2,500 species that make up the Phylum Zoomastigna are characterized by the presence of one or more FLAGELLA, used for moving.
Some Zooflagellates are free-living freshwater or marine organisms.
Slide42PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
The 2,500 species that make up the Phylum Zoomastigna are characterized by the presence of one or more FLAGELLA, used for moving.
Some Zooflagellates are free-living freshwater or marine organisms.
Many can live inside other organisms in
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP
(A relationship in which TWO Different Organisms live closely together; it can be either BENEFICIAL or HARMFUL to the Organism).
Slide43PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
The 2,500 species that make up the Phylum Zoomastigna are characterized by the presence of one or more FLAGELLA, used for moving.
Some Zooflagellates are free-living freshwater or marine organisms.
Many can live inside other organisms in
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP
(A relationship in which TWO Different Organisms live closely together; it can be either BENEFICIAL or HARMFUL to the Organism).
The Symbiotic Relationship may be:
A.
MUTUALISTIC RELATIONSHIP
- Both Organisms Benefit.
B.
PARASITIC RELATIONSHIP
- Causes Harm to the HOST.
Slide44PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
Some Zooflagellates are parasitic organisms that cause Disease in Humans.
Slide45PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
Some Zooflagellates are parasitic organisms that cause Disease in Humans. The Zooflagellate Trypanosoma causes African Trypanosomiasis, "African Sleeping Sickness", in Humans. It produces Toxins that destroy red blood cells, causing the host to become weak. This disease if left untreated eventually attacks the Host's Nervous System, causing DEATH.
.
Slide46PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
Some Zooflagellates are parasitic organisms that cause Disease in Humans. The Zooflagellate Trypanosoma
causes African Trypanosomiasis, "African Sleeping Sickness", in Humans. It produces Toxins that destroy red blood cells, causing the host to become weak. This disease if left untreated eventually attacks the Host's Nervous System, causing DEATH. Another species called Trypanosoma cruzi, causes Chagas' Disease. It is transmitted by an insect called the "Kissing Bug", patients suffer from fever, and heart damage.
Slide47PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
Some Zooflagellates are parasitic organisms that cause Disease in Humans. The Zooflagellate Trypanosoma
causes African Trypanosomiasis, "African Sleeping Sickness", in Humans. It produces Toxins that destroy red blood cells, causing the host to become weak. This disease if left untreated eventually attacks the Host's Nervous System, causing DEATH. Another species called Trypanosoma cruzi, causes Chagas' Disease. It is transmitted by an insect called the "Kissing Bug", patients suffer from fever, and heart damage.
The
Trichonympha
lives in the guts of termites, and help the termite digest Cellulose in wood. This is a mutualistic relationship, they both benefit from the relationship.
Slide48PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA
,
ZOOFLAGELLATES
The Trichonympha lives in the guts of termites, and help the termite digest Cellulose in wood. This is a mutualistic relationship, they both benefit from the relationship.
Slide49PHYLUM SPOROZOA
, SPOROZOANS
6,000 species
NO Means of Movement. MOST SPOROZOANS ARE SPORE-FORMING PARASITIC (HARMFUL) PROTOZOANS.
Slide50PHYLUM SPOROZOA
Malaria
The Protozoan that causes Malaria is Named
Plasmodium, and is transmitted by FEMALE Mosquitoes. One way to reduce human deaths (2.7 million annually) from Malaria is to control mosquito Populations. Without the Mosquito host, the Plasmodium Protozoan CANNOT Complete their Life Cycle.
Malaria is usually cured with a drug derived from the Cinchona Tree, which is native to the Americas called Quinine.
Slide51I bet you never thought Protists could be this cool.
Slide52Structure of
Paramecium
, a typical ciliate.
Slide53phagocytosis
Slide54Scanning electron micrographs of a pennalean (left) and centralean (right) diatom.
Slide55Epithemia smithii
Slide56Centric Diatom Silica Skeleton
Slide57Saltwater Pennate Diatom Frustule
Slide58Scanning electron micrograph of
Peridinium
Slide59Dinoflagellate
Slide60Red tides are population explosions (or blooms) of dinoflagellates
Slide61Slide62Slide63Amoeba Anatomy
Slide64Slide65Slide66Slide67Slide68Slide69Slide70Slide71Slide72Sarcodina
- Amoeba
Slide73Sarcodina
- Amoeba
Slide74Ciliophora - the paramecium
Slide75Ciliophora - the paramecium