vkidk gkfnZd Lokxr gSA izLrqfr eksdennhu izfkfkr Lukrd fkkd fgUnh tokgj uoksn foky okkhiqj mRrj 24 ijxuk d NksVh lh yMdh FkhA uR djuk mls cgqr ilan FkkA ikp okZ dh voLFkk ls gh mlus uR lhkuk izkjaHk dj fnkAvkSj tYn gh mlus foky Lrjh vkkstuksa esa Hkkx ysuk ID: 794871
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Slide1
d{kk lkroha
ds fgUnh dkyka'k esa vkidk gkfnZd Lokxr gSA
izLrqfr%
eks-de#n~nhu
izf”kf{kr Lukrd f”k{kd ^fgUnh*tokgj uoksn; fo|ky;ok.khiqj mRrj 24 ijxuk
Slide2,d NksVh lh yM+dh FkhA u`R; djuk mls cgqr ilan FkkA ik¡p o’kZ dh voLFkk ls gh mlus u`R; lh[kuk izkjaHk dj fn;kAvkSj tYn gh mlus fo|ky; Lrjh; vk;kstuksa esa Hkkx ysuk izkjaHk dj fn;k A ijarq dqN o’kZ ckn nq?kZVuk”k mlds ik¡o esa pksV yxh vkSj mlds ik¡o eas dSalj gks x;k vkSj mldh nk;ha Vk¡x dks dkVuk iM+kA ijarq og fujk”k ugha gqbZA ?kko Bhd gksus ij mlus udyh¼d`f=e½ Vk¡x yxokbZ vkSj iwjs yxu ls u`R; dk vH;kl fd;kA bl izdkj dfBu vH;kl djrs djrs og ,d fnu fo”o izfl) u`R;kaxuk cuhA vkSj mlus fQYeksa esa Hkh u`R; fd;kA,d NksVh lh dgkuhiz”u& D;k ;g dgkuh lPph gks yxrh gS\
iz”u& D;k ,d udyh iSj yxkdj dksbZ vPNh rjg u`R; dj ldrk gS\iz”u& ;fn gk¡ rks og dSls laHko gS\
lPph yxu vkSj dfBu vH;kl ls dfBu ls dfBu dk;Z Hkh laHko gks ldrk gSA
Slide3fgUnh izdYi
izLrqr gS %&
Hkkjr dh izfl) u`R;kaxuklq/kk panzu
Slide4ys[kd & jkekKk frokjh
^e;wjh^ & rsyqxq fQYe^ukps e;wjh* & fgUnh fQYe
u`R;kaxuk lq/kk panzu
Ekkrk & Jherh Fkaxe
firk & Jh ds-Mh-panzu
Slide5thou ds fdlh Hkh {ks= esa f”k[kj rd ig¡qpus ds fy, n`<+ bPNk”kfDr vkSj dfBu ifjJe dh vko”;drk iM+rh gSA dbZ yksx ,sls Hkh gq, gSa ftUgksaus “kkjhfjd v{kerk ds ckotwn la?k’kZ fd;k gS vkSj y{; izkIr fd;k gSA ,sls gh ,d uke gS&lq/kk panzuAiSj [kjkc gksus ds ckotwn og pksVh dh u`R;kaxuk cuhA lq/kk panzu dh ekrk Jherh Fkaxe ,oa firk Jh ds-Mh-panzu dh gkfnZd bPNk Fkh fd mudh iq=h jk’Vªh; [;kfr dh u`R;kaxuk cus A blhfy, panzu naifr us lq/kk dks ik¡p o’kZ dh vYik;q esa gh eqacbZ ds izfl) u`R; fo|ky; ^dyk lnu* esa izos”k fnyok;kA igys igy rks u`R; fo|ky; ds f”k{kdksa us bruh NksVh mez dh cPph ds nkf[kys esa fgpfdpkgV eglwj dh fdarq lq/kk dh izfrHkk ns[kdj lqizfl) u`R; f”k{kd Jh ds-,l- jkekLokeh Hkkxorkj us mls f”k’;k ds :i esa Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj lq/kk muls fu;fer izf”k{k.k izkIr djus yxhA tYn gh lq/kk ds u`R; dk;ZØe fo|ky; ds vk;kstuksa esa gksus yxsA u`R; ds lkFk lkFk v/;;u esa Hkh lq/kk us viuh izfrHkk fn[kkbZ ysfdu lq/kk ds LoIuksa dh banz/kuq’kh nqfu;k esa ,dk,d 2 ebZ]1981 dks ,dk,d v¡/ksjk Nk x;kA
u`R;kaxuk lq/kk panzu
Slide6“kCn
vFkZ
bPNk”kfDr
eukscy
v{kerk
v;ksX;rk
vYik;q
de mez
eglwl
vuqHkwfr
banz/kuq’kh nqfu;k
lrjaxh nqfu;k
banz/kuq’k ds lkr jax & cSxuh] vklekuh] uhyk] gjk] ihyk] ukjaxh] yky
VIBGYOR
VIOLET, INDIGO, BLUE, GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED
Slide7cks/kkRed iz”u
iz”u&1- fdlh Hkh {ks= esa lQyrk ikus ds fy, fdu xq.kksa dh vko”;drk gksrh gS\iz”u&2- lq/kk panzu dh ekrk ,oa firk dk D;k uke gS\iz”u&3- lq/kk panzu ds firk dh gkfnZd bPNk D;k Fkh\iz”u&4- lq/kk panzu ds ekrk firk us mUgsa fdl fo|ky; esa izos”k fnyk;k\iz”u&5- lq/kk panzu us izkjaHk esa fdl f”k{kd ls u`R; lh[kuk izkjaHk fd;k\
Slide82 ebZ dks fr#fpjkiYyh ls enzkl tkrs le; mudh cl nq?kZVukxzLr gks xbZA bl nq?kZVuk esa lq/kk ds ck,¡ ik¡o dh ,M+h VwV xbZ vkSj nk;k¡ ik¡o cqjh rjg t[eh gks x;kA IykLVj yxus ij ck;k¡ ik¡o rks Bhd gks x;k fdarq nk;ha Vk¡x eas ^xSaxzhu*¼,d izdkj dk dSalj½ gks x;kA ,sls esa MkWDVjksa ds ikl lq/kk dh nk;ha Vk¡x dkV nsus ds vykok vkSj dksbZ jkLrk ugha FkkA varr% nq?kZVuk ds ,d eghus ckn lq/kk dh nk;ha Vk¡x ?kqVus ds lk<+s lkr bap uhps ls dkV nh xbZA ,d Vk¡x dk dV tkuk laHkor% fdlh Hkh u`R;kaxuk ds thou dk var gh gksrkA lq/kk ds lkFk Hkh ;gh gqvkA lq/kk us ydM+h ds xqVds ds ik¡o vkSj cSlkf[k;ksa ds lgkjs pyuk “kq: dj fn;k vkSj eqacbZ vkdj og iqu% viuh i<+kbZ essa tqV xbZA
Slide9“kCn
vFkZ
xSaxzhu
,d izdkj dk dSalj
cSlk[kh
detksj VwVh gqbZ Vkax dks lgkjk nsus ds fy, ckal vkfn dh cuh cxy rd dh yach NM+h
u`R;kaxuk & L=hfyax iqfyax & urZd
Slide10cks/kkRed iz”u
iz”u&1- lq/kk panzu dh cl fdl rkjh[k dks vkSj dgka nq?kZVukxzLr gqbZ\iz”u&2- bl nq?kZVuk ls lq/kk panzu dks D;k gkfu gqbZ\iz”u&3- lq/kk panzu dh nk;ha Vk¡x D;ksa dkVuh iM+h\iz”u&4- nk;ha Vk¡x dVus ds ckn lq/kk panzu us fdl izdkj pyuk izkjaHk fd;k\
Slide11blh chp lq/kk us eSXlsls iqjLdkj fotsrk lqizfl) d`f=e vax fo”ks’kK MkW-ih-lh-lsBh ds ckjs esa lqukA og t;iqj xbZ vkSj MkW- lsBh ls feyhA MkW- lsBh us lq/kk dks vk”oLr fd;k fd og nqckjk lkekU; <ax ls py ldsxhA bl ij lq/kk us iwNk& ^^D;k eSa ukp ldw¡xh\** MkW- lsBh us lq/kk ds fy, ,d fo”ks’k izdkj dh Vk¡x cukbZ tks ,Y;wfefu;e dh Fkh vkSj blesa ,slh O;OkLFkk Fkh fd og Vk¡x dks vklkuh ls ?kqek ldrh FkhA lq/kk ,d u, fo”okl ds lkFk eqqacbZ ykSVh vkSj mlus u`R; dk vH;kl “kq: djuk pkgk fdarq bl iz;kl esa dVh gqbZ Vk¡x ls [kwu fudyus yxkA dksbZ Hkh lkekU; O;fDRk bl rjg dh ?kVuk ds ckn nqckjk ukpus dh fgEer drbZ ugha djrk fdarq lq/kk lk/kkj.k feV~Vh dh ugha cuh FkhA tYnh gh mlus viuh fujk”kk ij dkcw izkIr fd;k vkSj vius u`R; izf”k{kd dks lkFk ysdj MkW- lsBh ls iqu% feyhA
Slide12“kCn
vFkZ
eSXlsls
iqjLdkj & ,d fo”ks’k iqjLdkj fQyhihUl ds iwoZ jk’Vªifr dh Le`fr esa fn;k tkus okyk iqjLdkj tks fuEukafdr dk;kZsa gsrq fn;k tkrk gSA
1- tulsokewyd fo”ks’k dk;Z ds fy, 2- lkfgR; esa fo”ks’k ;ksxnku nsus ds fy, 3- lektlsok gsrq fo”ks’k dk;Z djus
d`f=e
cukoVh
vk”oLr djuk
fo'okl ;k Hkjkslk fnykuk
fgEer
Lkkgl
Tk;iqj
jktLFkku dh jkt/kkuh
izf'k{kd & izf'k{k.k nsus okyk ¼Trainer)
Slide13cks/kkRed iz”u
iz”u&1- MkW- lsBh us lq/kk dks fdl ckr ds fy, vk”oLr fd;k\iz”u&2- lq/kk us MkW- lsBh ls D;k iwNk\iz”u&3- lq/kk tc eqacbZ ykSVh rks mlesa ,d u;k fo”okl FkkAD;ksa\iz”u&4- lq/kk lk/kkj.k feV~Vh dh ugha cuh FkhA bldk D;k vk”k; gS\
Slide14MkW- lsBh us lq/kk ds u`R; izf”k{kd ls u`R; gsrq ik¡oksa dh fofHkUu eqnzkvksa dks xaHkhjrk ls ns[kk ij[kk vkSj ,d u;h Vk¡x cuokbZ]tks u`R; dh fo”ks’k t:jrksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj cukbZ xbZ FkhA Vk¡x yxkrs le; MkW- lsBh ls lq/kk ls dgk&^^eSa tks dqN dj ldrk Fkk eSaus dj fn;k] vc rqEgkjh ckjh gSA ** lq/kk us iqUk% u`R; dk vH;kl izkjaHk fd;kA “kq:vkr cgqr vPNh ugha jghA dVs gq, ik¡o ds Bw¡B ls [kwu fjlus yxk fdarq lq/kk us dM+k vH;kl tkjh j[kkA dfBu vH;kl ls lq/kk tYn gh lkekU; u`R; eqnzkvksa dks iznf”kZr djus esaq lQy gks xbZA 28 tuojh]1984 dks eqacbZ ds ^lkmFk bafM;k osyQs;j lkslk;Vh* ds gky esa ,d u`R;kaxuk izhfr ds lkFk lq/kk us nqckjk u`R; ds lkoZtfud izn”kZu dk vkea=.k Lohdkj dj fy;kA ;g fnu lq/kk dh ftanxh dk laHkor% lcls dfBu fnu Fkk]ml fnu ls Hkh T;knk tcfd mldk ik¡o dkV fn;k x;k FkkA lq/kk dk ;g izn”kZu csgn lQy jgkA pgsrksa us mls ns[krs ns[krs iydksa ij mBk fy;k vkSj og jkrksa jkr ,d ,sfrgkfld egRRo dh O;fDrRRo gks xbZA
Slide15“kCn
vFkZ
osyQs;j
(welfare)
dY;k.k
lkslk;Vh
(society)
lekt
lkmFk
(south)
nf{k.k
lkoZtfud
lcds fy, ¼lcds lkeus½
pgsrksa
pkgus okys] ¼QSu½
iydksa ij mBkuk
cgqr vf/kd lEeku nsuk
Slide16cks/kkRed iz”u
iz”u&1½ Mk-W lsBh us lq/kk ds fy, fdl izdkj dh Vk¡x cukbZ\iz”u&2½ Vk¡x yxkrs le; MkW- lsBh us lq/kk ls D;k dgk\iz”u&3½ lq/kk dh ftUnxh dk lcls dfBu fnu dkSu lk Fkk\iz”u&4½ lq/kk jkrks jkr ,sfrgkfld egRRo dh O;fDRkRRo dSls gks xbZ\iz”u&5½ ^dfBu vH;kl ls dqN Hkh laHko gSA*bl fo’k; esa ,d izfl) nksgk gSA og dkSu ls nksgk gS\
djr djr vH;kl rs]tM+efr gksr lqtkuAjljh vkor tkr rs]fly ij ijr fulkuAA
mRrj &
Slide17mldh vn~Hkqr thou ;k=k ls izHkkfor gksdj rsyqxq ds fQYedkj us mldh ftUnxh dks vk/kkj cuk dj ,d dgkuh fy[kokbZ vkSj ^e;wjh* uke ls rsyqxq esa ,d fQYe cukbZA vius ik= dks lq/kk us Lo;a ijns ij thoar dj fn;kA fQYe dks vn~Hkqr lQyrk feyh vkSj bl fQYe esa vfHku; ds fy, lq/kk dks Hkkjr ds 33osa jk’Vªh; fQYe lekjksg esa fo”ks’k iqjLdkj iznku fd;k x;kA ^e;wjh*dh lQyrk dks ns[krs gq, blds fuekZrk us ;g fQYe fgUnh esa Hkh ^ukps e;wjh* uke ls iznf”kZr dh vkSj lq/kk us iwjs Hkkjr dks viuh izfrHkk dk eqjhn dj fn;kA vkt lq/kk ,d O;Lr u`R;kaxuk gh ugha]fQYe dykdkj Hkh gSaA lq/kk dks mld vlkekU; lkgl vkSj Js’B miyfC/k;ksa ds fy, dbZ iqjLdkj Hkh izkIr gks pqds gSaA
Slide18“kCn
vFkZ
eqjhn
f”k’;
y{;
mn~ns”;
fQYedkj
fQYe cukus okys
rsyqxq
vka/kz izns”k dh jktHkk’kk
nf{k.k Hkkjrh; pkj jkT; ,oa mudh Hkk’kk,¡
1- dukZVd & dUuM+
2- rfeyukMq & rfey
3- dsjy & ey;kye
4- vka/kz izns”k & rsyqxq
Slide19iz”u&1½ rsyqxq fQYedkj us lq/kk ds thou ij vk/kkfjr dkSu lh fQYe cukbZ\
iz”u&2½ bl fQYe esa vfHku; djus ds fy, lq/kk ds dkSu ls iqjLdkj feyk\ iz”u&3½ ;g fQYe fgUnh esa fdl uke ls cuh\ iz”u&4½ lq/kk us iwjs Hkkjr dks viuk eqjhn cuk fy;kA dSls\iz”u&5½ lq/kk ds thou ls gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS\cks/kkRed iz”u
Slide20djr djr vH;kl rs]tM+efr gksr lqtkuA
jljh vkor tkr rs]fly ij ijr fulkuAA1- thou esa dHkh Hkh fujk”k ugha gksuk pkfg,A2- n`<+ fu”p; vkSj dfBu ifjJe ls vlaHkodk;Z Hkh laHko gks tkrk gSA 3- thou esa lnk ldkjkRed n`f’Vdks.k viukuk pkfg,A
ikB ls lh[k
Slide21Ikz”u&1½
d{kk vkB dh fgUnh ikB~;iqLrd ls vikfgt MkW- panzk dh thouh i<+ks vkSj mlls D;k f”k{kk feyrh gS mls fy[kksA iz”u&2½ D;k rqe fdlh fodykax O;fDr ds ckjs esa tkurs gks\ mlds ckjs esa fy[kksA iz”u&3½ irk djks Hkkjr esa EkSXlsls iqjLdkj fdu fdu O;fDr;ksa dks feyk gS\iz”u&4½ dqN ,sls fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds uke fy[kks ftUgksaus thou esa fo”ks’k lQyrk izkIRk dh gSA
iz”u&5½ fourh]”kkjhfjd rFkk uhfr “kCnksa esa ,d lkFk f h dh ek=kvksa
dk iz;ksx gqvk gSA rqe Hkh ,sls gh vU; “kCn [kkstks vkSj viuh iqfLrdk esa fy[kksA
x`gdk;Z gsrq iz”u
Slide22iz”u&1- lq/kk ds LoIuksa dh banz/kuq’kh nqfu;k esa v¡/ksjk dSls Nk x;k\
iz”u&2- MkW-lsBh us lq/kk ds fy, D;k fd;k\iz”u&3- lq/kk iwjs Hkkjr esa dSls yksdfiz; gks xbZ\iz”u&4- dqN ,sls fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds uke fy[kks ftUgksaus thou esa lQyrk izkIr dhA iz”u&5- Hkkjr ds dqN u`R;ksa vkSj urZd@UkrZfd;ksa ds uke irk djks vkSj fy[kksA iz”u& 6- lq/kk ds thou ls gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS\vH;kl gsrq iz”u
Slide23/kU;okn