City of Ennis Department of Health - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

City of Ennis Department of Health Services Commission Briefing May 2, 2016

ZIKA

VIRUSSlide2

Mostly Daytime Feeder2Zika Virus Transmission Cycles

Blood transfusions have also been implicated

5 Routes of Transmission

Pregnant

women

or women of child baring age are the highest risk

population.

Zika virus

is

spread to people primarily through the bite of an infected 

Aedes

 species mosquito.

Only female mosquitoes bite. They need the protein in your blood, and that of other

animals.

The

mosquitoes typically lay eggs in

or near standing water in things like buckets, bowls, animal dishes, flower pots, and vases. They are flood water or water container breeding mosquitoes common after heavy rain. Hatching within 3-4 days.

They are aggressive daytime biters, prefer to bite people, and live indoors and outdoors near people.

Nicknamed

“the tiger mosquito” for it’s strips and aggressive behavior.Slide3

Symptoms of ZIKA VIRUS3People usually don’t get sick enough to go to the hospital, and they very rarely die of Zika.Approximately 80% of people infected with the virus do not become ill.

The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting for several days to a week after being bitten by an infected mosquito.

Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause a serious birth defect called microcephaly, as well as other severe fetal brain defects.

Zika infections in adults can result in Guillain-Barré

syndrome. Characterized by muscle failure.

To date the illness cannot be prevented or cured by medications or vaccines

.

*Infected

humans become carriers

Red Eyes

Fever

Joint Pain

Rash

*NOTE:

During

the first week of infection, Zika virus can be found in the blood and passed

from

an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites

. An infected

mosquito

can

then

spread

the virus to other people.Slide4

Zika Virus Pregnancy related Complications (Microcephaly)4Baby with MicrocephalyBaby with Typical Head Size

Typical Head Size Slide5

ZIKA VIRUS IN TEXASZika Virus – April 19, 2016.Texas has had 31 confirmed cases of Zika virus disease. Of those, 30 were in travelers who were infected abroad and diagnosed after they returned home; one of those travelers was a pregnant woman. One case involved a Dallas County resident who had sexual contact with someone who acquired the Zika infection while traveling abroad.Case counts by county: Bexar – 3 Dallas – 6 Denton – 1 Fort

Bend – 2 Grayson

–

1

Harris

– 12

Tarrant

– 3

Travis

– 2

Wise

– 1 5

In the AmericasSlide6

We are in a High Risk Zone6Highly Suitable

Moderately Suitable

Unsuitable

Highly Suitable

Moderately Suitable

Unsuitable

Areas where

Aedes

aegypti

Find suitable habitats

Areas where

Aedes

albopictus

Find suitable habitats

Aedes

aegypti

and

Aedes

albopictus

to

the best of current knowledge are the only species capable of actively vectoring, or transmitting, the Zika virus.Slide7

Primary Prevention MeasuresFollow travel precautions for regions and certain countries where Zika virus transmission is ongoing.TXDSHS recommends travelers avoid mosquito bites while abroad and for seven days after returning, in case they have been exposed to the Zika virus while abroad. Mosquito-borne threats may be avoided by following a few simple steps: Limit outdoor activities during early morning and afternoon hours in order to avoid daytime female Aedes mosquitoes.Wear Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered insect repellents.

Cover up with light colored long-sleeved shirts and long pants.

Keep mosquitoes out with air conditioning or intact window screens.

Sleep under a mosquito net if you are outside or in a room that is not well screened.

Control standing water and empty fluid-filled containers on a weekly basis

7Slide8

Mosquito Larva/Breeding Sites/ Surveillance

Staff

Setting

an Adult Mosquito Trap

Surveillance

8 traps set per week

Apr - Nov

Trap

In Operation

Staff responds to report of Stagnant Water - Breeding

Mosquitoes

8

Mosquito

Surveillance Equipment

CDC Gravid Trap

:

attracts females by means of an oviposition medium contained in a pan below the trap.BG Sentinel Trap

: mimics convection currents created by a human body

.

Releases artificial

skin odors through

a large surface area.

CDC Light Trap

:

uses

a light source to attract mosquitoes.

Commonly

used in areas such as storm

drains

..

BG Sentinel

Trap

(Captures

Aedes

 species

mosquito)

Surveillance - Trap Placement Slide9

Control Methods Staff is licensed by TXDSHS to apply restricted use pesticide.Chemical control measures: Adult Control Aqualuer 20-20

®: primary chemical used in the

truck-mounted fogger to spray for adult mosquitoes.

Larvae

C

ontrols

BVA larvacide oil/microfilm

: used to control mosquito larvae in various types of stagnant water situations.

Altosid pellets

: a mosquito growth regulator that disrupts the normal growth pattern of immature mosquitoes in water.

Talstar:

a unique chemical that will cause adult mosquitoes to avoid extended contact with treated surfaces

.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Biological

methods used for mosquito control:Bti briquettes

: a bacteria larvacide used in aquatic environments to control mosquitoes, they

cause the stomach cells

of the larvae to

explode, forcing the mosquito

larvae

to stop feeding until it starves to death.

.

Gambusia

minnow

: Commonly referred to as the “mosquito fish” it is a small invasive fish that is capable of thriving in poor oxygen water conditions and can live 1-3 years. According to statistics cited in U.S. Navy research, a large female Gambusia is able to consume 225 larvae within a one hour period, and a pair of half-grown Gambusia are capable of consuming over 5000 larvae in 11 weeks.

9

Altosid

Bti

Minnow Stock Tank

Talstar

BVA

Aqualuer

Gambusia minnowsSlide10

Mosquito control fogging is implemented to controladult mosquito populations and REDUCE the risk ofVECTOR-BORNE DISEASES to residents and their animals.Confirmed or probable incidences of human mosquito-borne diseases have been reported in the area,A cluster of dead blue jays and/or crows have been sighted or a confirmed WNV or SLE lab test in a bird specimen,

Conformation

from the Texas Department of State Health Services laboratory reports have indicated that the number of female

Culex

quinquefasciatus

has exceeded a count greater than 100 specimens collected in one trap

.

This year the

Aedes

 species mosquito will be included in our count.

10

ADULT MOSQUITO CONTROL

Fogging

generally occurs when surveillance activities conducted by the Health Department have determined that:Slide11

ADULT MOSQUITO CONTROLWhen adult mosquito populations exceed the action threshold or a positive mosquito sample identified staff will begin an application of insecticide dispersed from truck mounted, ultra low volume (ULV), aerosol sprayer.

The Department Sprays Aqualuer 20-20 ®.

Active

chemical agent in

Aqualuer is

permethrin.

Mixed

with

water at a rate of 6 parts water 1 part chemical,

it is applied

at 5.0 ounces

per minute with

the truck driving

at

~10 mph.Our truck mounted sprayer is calibrated annually by a third party vendor.

Only 5/100ths of a teaspoon of active agent is dispersed in a microscopic mist.

lands on a typical residential lot (1/4 acre).The swath width is ~300 feet wide. 11

Weather

conditions permitting, no rain or winds over 10 mph

. Fogging generally starts around 9:30 p.m. and typically

completed within a 3 to 4 hours period. Slide12

MOSQUITO CONTROLA SMALL BUT VITAL PROGRAM3 Health Generalist FTE and a 0.5 FTE Park Department employee are assigned to program. ~$7,000 budget for operations.12Chauncy

Williams ,

Health Director