Launch of the INCB Annual Reports 2015 - PowerPoint Presentation

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Launch of the INCB Annual Reports 2015 2 March 2016

General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS)

19 to 21 April 2016 at United Nations Headquarters in New York

Member States to review:

progress in international cooperation in countering the drug problem; and

the achievements of and challenges to the international drug control system

UNODC to provide substantive expertise and technical support to the preparatory process

Health and welfare of mankind

Health and welfare

is the ultimate goal of the 3 international drug control conventions

Balanced and humane approach key

Ensuring availability for medical and scientific purposes

Preventing and

Reducing demand, through prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and reintegration

Reducing illicit supply of drugs

Health and welfare of mankind

Social health and challenges

: prevention and reduction of social harms associated with the abuse

of

drugs

Proportionality

: alternative to conviction or punishment

Respect for human

rights

: consistency of drug control action with international human

rights

standards

New psychoactive substances (NPS)

A growing public health challenge

Over 600

new substances reported

till October 2015 –

> 55 % increase

from

2014

10 NPS scheduled by Commission on Narcotics Drugs in 2015

INCB calls on Governments to devise solutions to protect the public from harms posed by NPS

INCB Project ION Incident

Communication

System (IONICS) - over

500

NPS incidents reported through IONICS in 2015

AFRICA

Africa key transit point for drug trafficking; and

North Africa

– primary source of drugs

entering

Europe

Increasing drug abuse

; countries emerging as drug abuse makers

Cannabis herb

: produced throughout the continent

Seizures of cannabis resin increased in North Africa by 31% in 2013

Cannabis: primary substance for which people receive treatment

Heroin

abuse is on the rise; second most abused substance

Abuse of

ketamine

and

tramadol

a concern.

Egypt

Steps to strengthen

national legislation

and capacities to counter trafficking in drugs, including new psychoactive substances.

Eradication campaigns

resumed

: eradicated area of 344.7 ha of cannabis and 306.5 ha of opium poppy.

395 tons of cannabis herb seized, compared with 212 tons in 2013.

Five synthetic

cannabinoids

scheduled

and their import, export, production, possession, handling, buying and selling

banned

Heroin

s

eizures

increased significantly from 260 kg in 2013 to 613 kg in 2014.

Seizures of

tramadol

declined significantly, from 435 million tablets in 2012 to 157 million tablets in 2014.

Tramadol

had been put under national control in 2013.

Morocco

Remains one of the world’s largest producers of

cannabis resin

and continues to supply cannabis resin to Europe.

Seizures of cannabis

resin declined since 2012 (from 137 tons in 2012 to 107 tons in 2013 and to about 70 tons in 2014).

Significant efforts to counter illicit

cannabis cultivation

. In 2013, 47,196 ha of cannabis cultivation reported (9.2 % less than in 2012). The total area under cannabis cultivation is expected to decline to 34,000 ha, in the next few years. The concentration of THC in cannabis cultivated in Morocco has increased.

Emergence of

cocaine trafficking

. In 2014, 570 kg of cocaine seized in Morocco.

Most cannabis resin destined for Europe is smuggled from Morocco

West Asia and the Middle East

Instability and insecurity undermine drug control efforts Poor border controls and intensified population movement favourable to drug trafficking Armed conflict and refugee crisis increased demand for emergency supplies of controlled substances for medical purposesCounterfeit Captagon tablets remain a concern in the Middle East Limited access to drug dependence treatment

West Asia and the Middle East

In Afghanistan Illicit

opium poppy

cultivation decreased from 240,000 ha in 2014 to 183,000ha in 2015

Estimated potential opium production: 3,300

t

ons, 48% less than previous year

Widespread cannabis production, trafficking and abuse

Widespread abuse of sedatives and

anxiolytics

The

Middle East

is a transit area for smuggling of cocaine, heroin and amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). Increased traffic in cocaine

Heroin seizures decreased among countries in 2014, particularly in, in decreasing order of seizure amounts, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia.

Middle East

Heroin

Heroin

seizures decreased among countries in 2014, particularly in, in decreasing order of seizure amounts, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia.

cannabis

Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Lebanon reporting the

largest seizures of cannabis

in 2014 (in descending order of seizure amount)

Cannabis shipments destined for Libya are regularly stopped in Lebanon.

Cocaine

Increase in seizures of cocaine reported in Jordan from 12 kg in 2013 to 319 kg in 2014, in Saudi Arabia from 4.6 kg in 2013 to 533.5 kg in 2014, and in UAE

Opium

Annual

opium seizures

in the Middle East in 2014 small

Recommendations

Health and welfare as aim of the treaties:

UNGASS review; promotion of alternative livelihoods

Demand reduction

: Prime objective of government action: prevention of substance abuse in society at large, particularly among youth

Availability

: Continuous study and ongoing review of policies to address the imbalance between overprescribing and

underprescribing

Psychotropic substances

: Maintenance of vigilance to the consequences of misuse and overuse of benzodiazepines, particularly among older patients

Precursors

: Make use of PEN Online and PICS to improve monitoring and exchange intelligence

Questions & Answers

THANK

YOU!