Of Nepalese Languages Bhim Lal Gautam Central Department of Linguistics Tribhuvan University gautambhimrocketmailcom 27032014 Outline Introduction Linguistic Survey of Nepal ID: 215096
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Present Sociolinguistic SurveyOfNepalese Languages
Bhim Lal GautamCentral Department of LinguisticsTribhuvan Universitygautambhim@rocketmail.com
27/03/2014Slide2
OutlineIntroductionLinguistic Survey of Nepal (
LinSuN)Sociolinguistic Survey of Nepalese LanguagesMethodology used in SLSProgress Report of SLSChallenges and DifficultiesSlide3Slide4
Introduction
Nepal’s Linguistic Diversity- Natural and Geographical Diversity- 123 plus languages- 4 different sign languages- 125 plus ethnic groups and cultures- 4 different language families- 1 language isolate :
KusundaSlide5
Linguistic Surveys of Nepal- 1828-88 Hodgson – Royal Asiatic Society
- 1898-1927 Grierson’s LSI- 1965-68 BalKrishna Pokharel- 1981-84 German Research Council1988 Boyd Mikhailovsky
1996 The Central Dept. of Linguistics
-
2002 Toba et al.Slide6
Linguistic Survey of Nepal (LinSuN)2008 GoN
/NPCObjectivesDeveloping a sociolinguistic profile of all the languages of NepalProducing a basic description of at least 10 languagesDeveloping and maintaining a complete database of the languages of Nepal
Developing a description of the use of mother tongues in education (formal and non-formal)Slide7
LinSuN SupportManagement
Steering committee, NPC, GoN Evaluation and SupervisionLISMAC (Linguistic Survey Management Committee) Policy making and monitoring
Administration
Central Department of Linguistics, TUSlide8
LinSuNTechnical Support
Training and workshops(Nepal & Abroad)Infield and summer schools Infield (2008),3L Summer School( 2012)Financial SupportNational Planning Commission, GoN
Ministry of Education and Culture
University Grants Commission
SIL, Nepal and other InstitutionsSlide9
Sociolinguistic Survey of Nepalese Languages (SLS)Methodology
Sociolinguistic QuestionnaireRecorded Text Tests (RTT)Sentence Repetition Test (SRT)Lexical Similarity (210 word list)Participatory Method (PM)Slide10
SLS Methodology
Sociolinguistic QuestionnairesSociolinguistic Questionnaire( A) -Real speakers Sociolinguistic Questionnaire (B) -Participatory MethodSociolinguistic Questionnaire (C ) - Language Activists & Local leadersSlide11
SLS Methodology
Recorded Text Tests (RTT) -Level of intelligibility among language groupsA better way to compare different dialects Sentence Repetition Test (SRT)-Attitudes of MT speakers-Levels of competence in the National language-MultilingualismSlide12
Participatory Method (PM)
Biographical informationOpinions about the languageBilingualism/MultilingualismUse and attitude towards the languageResource for literacy and educationSlide13
Participatory Method (PM)Slide14Slide15Slide16Slide17
SLS Progress ActivitiesPilot Survey (2008)
Jhapa District of NepalObjective: Testing of questionnairesSurveyed Languages (13)Indo-Aryan (7): Malpande, Karuwa, Sadri (
Kissan
),
Danuwar
, Marwari, Nepali, Maithili, Urdu, Hindi
Tibeto-Burman (
2):
Bantawa
,
Meche
Dravidian (1):
Uraun
Austro Asiatic(1):
KhadiyaSlide18Slide19Slide20Slide21
SLS Progress ActivitiesField Visit (Survey) and Data Collection
2009 ( 5 Languages)Tibeto-Burman(3): Chepang, Newar, Yakhha Indo Aryan(2): Maithili, Nepali
2010 (6 languages)
Tibeto-Burman (4): Nepali, Maithili
Indo-Aryan (2):
Bhujel
,
Dolakha
Newar
,
LepchaSlide22
SLS Progress Activities
2011 (6 languages)Tibeto-Burman (4): Chulung, Dhut Magar, Jirel, KaikeIndo-Aryan (1
):
Bote
Austro-Asiatic (1):
Santhali
2012 A (13 languages)
Indo-Aryan (10):
Achhami,Awadhi
,
Bajhangi
,
Bajureli
,
Baitadeli
,
DangoraTharu,Doteli,Rana
Tharu
,
Sonah
,
Khonah
Tibeto-Burman (3):
Byansi,Raji,RauteSlide23
SLS Progress Activities
2012 B (7 languages)Indo-Aryan (4): Awadhi,Bhojpuri, Kumal,TharuTibeto-Burman (3): Chantyal, Gurung, Kham, 2013 (15 languages)
Indo-Aryan (7):
Angika,Gangai,Kissan
,
Malpande
,
Majhi,Rajbansi,Tajpuriya
Tibeto-Burman (
6
):
Dumi
,
Dhimal,Koyee
,
Koche,Meche,Tilung
Austro Asiatic (2):
Khadiya,Uranw
2014 ( 8 languages)
Tibeto-Burman (6):
Khaling,Nachhiring,Kulung,Sampang
Thulung
,
Wambule
,
Indo-Aryan (2):
Bajjika
,
KathariyaSlide24
SLS Report WritingCompleted Report( 22 languages)
Tibeto-Burman (11): Bhujel,Byansi, Chepang,Chhantyal, Jirel, Magar Kham, Magar
Dhut
,
Meche
,
Newar,Raji,Raute
Indo-Aryan (9):
Achhami
, Awadhi,
Bajhangi
&
Bajureli
,
Baitadeli
&
Darchureli
,
Dangora
Tharu
,
Dotyali,Kumal
,
Rana
Tharu
,
Rajbansi
&
Tajpuriya
Austro-Asiatic (1)
:
Santhali
Dravidian (1)
:
UrawnSlide25
SLS Report WritingReport in progress(13 languages)
-Tibeto-Burman(7): Chulung,Dumi, Dhimal,Gurung,Kaike,Koche/Gangai, Koyee,
-
Indo-Aryan(5):
Bhojpuri,Bote
,
Majhi
, Nepali, Maithili,
-
Austro-Asiatic(1)
:
KhadiyaSlide26
Summary of SLS
58 Languages Surveyed22 Language report completed13 Language report on progressSlide27
Challenges & DifficultiesFinancial Difficulties
Government RoleOther AgenciesLack of education & motivationDifficult geographical conditionsMigrationLack of effective tools for creating data baseConflicts among the linguistic communityPolitical instabilitySlide28
AcknowledgementsThe Central Department of Linguistics, TU
LinSuN Management CommitteeDr Anetta KopeckaSlide29
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