Siemens 2018 On the road to a new energy age Trends amp innovation Dr Zuozhi Zhao CTO Siemens Power and Gas We at Siemens Siemens AG 2018 Page 2 ID: 731061
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Slide1
siemens.com
Unrestricted @Siemens 2018
On the road to a new
energy
age
: Trends &
innovation
Dr. Zuozhi Zhao –
CTO
Siemens Power and Gas Slide2
We at Siemens…
© Siemens AG 2018
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Zuozhi Zhao, Siemens Power & GasSlide3
Rail Mobility & Infrastructure
Oil & Gas
Distribution System Operators
Chemical, Pharma
Mining
Industry Services
Power Utilities
Battery Technology
Road Mobility & Infrastructure
Healthcare ProvidersMinerals, Cement, FiberAirportsPumps, Fans, CompressorsBuildingsMachine Tool BuildersDistributed Energy SystemsFood & BeverageWater & Waste Water
CitiesAuto, Electronics© Siemens AG 2018Page 3 2018-11-16Zuozhi Zhao, Siemens Power & GasSlide4
Trends
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The global trends drive energy market trendsSlide6
The global trends drive energy market trendsMore energyMore affordable energyMore affordable and safe energyMore affordable, safe, and clean energySlide7
The global trends drive energy market trendsCO2 out of the energy system
Energy efficiency gaining momentum
Sector coupling + Energy Storage
The energy system is getting more complex
Digitalization is the key to handle the complexity and create new customer value and profit pools / New business models emerging
Technology / investment ↑
cost ↓ dynamics changesNeed to manage the stranded fossil assets appropriatelyGeo-politics and governments play key rolesMore energyMore affordable energyMore affordable and safe energyMore affordable, safe, and clean energySlide8
World goes with more renewables …
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The “all electric world” -“fully electrified”, “fully decarbonized”, and “more complex“
Past
Today
Mid-term
Renewable share of electricity consumption
Long-term
<10%
20+%
40+%
60+%80+%
Efficiency
LCC reductionAvailability / reliability / securityDecreasing spot market pricesSubsidized economyIncreasing redispatch1) operationPower2Heat, CHP increasingDemand side management
First storage solutionsHVDC/AC overlayRegional plants, cellular gridsHVDC overlay and meshed AC/DC systemsPower2Chem / CO2toValueStability challengeComplete integration of decentralized power generationStorage systems/Power2XReturn of gas power plants?Fossil (coal, gas, oil)NuclearRenewables (mainly hydro)Fossil (coal, gas, oil)Renewables (wind, PV, hydro)Capacity markets etc.
Predictable regional “area generation” (topological plants)Interaction of all energy carriersTraditional mixSystem integrationMarket integrationRegionalself sustaining systemsDecoupled generation and consumptionCore Technologies for future are Low Carbon, Sector Coupling and Digitalization technology
Energiewende 2.0
1) Corrective action to avoid bottlenecks in power gridSlide10
The three essential grids in context of an energy cell concept
Cell 4
Cell 1
Cell 2
Electricity (transmission) grid
Gas grid
Digital Grid
Cell 3
Cells negotiate energy exchange among themselves (peer-to-peer)
Energy cells can be
Community
Factory
Power plant
Dedicated storage facility
Energy cells contain
Power generation
Thermal and gas grids
Energy storage
Power-to-X (-value)
Dynamic load control
ICT, self-organizing,
self-healing intelligence
Resiliency
…Slide11
Sector coupling
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Hydrogen is a core element in sector coupling for carbon-neutral biofuels, other chemical feedstocks & long-term energy storagePower Storage
(decentral)
Power Sector
Heat Supply
Gas Industry
Transport Sector
Power-to-Heat
(Heat pumps,
CHP)E-MobilityPower-to-Gas(Energy Storage)Power-to-Gas(Re-Electrification)Power Storage(central)HeatStoragePower-to-LiquidsFuel StoragePower-to-ChemicalsHydrogen, Methane, Ammonia as feedstock for chemical processesGas BoilerGas Re-formingGas Power Plants
Gas Storage,Pipeline SystemSector Coupling (Links and Interactions) & H2 Conversion PathsChemicals
Source: Based on FENES (OTH Regensburg) Definition Link between power sector and energy-consuming sectorsCrucial to reach deep decarbonization of the energy sector (-80 … 95%)Value PropositionHigher overall energy efficiencySupports supply/load balancing in case of high share of intermittent renewable generationMore diverse and interdependent energy supplyDrivers Reduction of GHG emissionEnergy efficiency improvementReduction of energy import dependencyIntegration of volatile Renewables Technology development
(e.g. e-mobility, battery, hydrolyzer) Sector CouplingSlide13
In a Sector Coupling approach, the increased electrification reduces primary energy consumptionSource: IEA WEO 2017, New Policy Scenario; own estimate for impact of sector coupling
Primary energy demand (
Mtoe
)
Global power generation (TWh)
+29%
2040
Sector Coupling
~9,000
2040
17,584
2015
13,633
Gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Wind
Other RE
2040
Sector Coupling
~50,000e
2040
Solar
+62%
+25%
Coal
Oil
39,290
10,086
491
9,181
3,844
6,193
4,270
3,162
2,063
2015
24,240
9,532
1,022
5,519
2,571
3,888
838
247
-50%
>-25%
Additional electricity demand by e.g. electrification and Synfuel production
Efficiency gain through electrification
(e.g. heat pumps, e-cars), only partly
offset by increased power demand
Global ScenarioSlide14
Electrolyzer
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For Hydrogen many different applications exist:Economics and technology readiness will determine final use
Power Generation
Conversion In / Out
Utilization
Fluctuating Renewables
Electrolyzer
CO
2
H2
Industry / Fuel Cell CarMobility / IndustryEnergy (Re-Electrification)Small GTH2
Above groundH2 storageH2 small cavern storage
H2+-
O2H2
H
2
O
H2H2-EngineGas pipeline
Methanation
Energy(Re-Electrification)Pure Hydrogenpathways
Power to gaspathwaysCC-TurbineMobility / Heating /IndustryH2
Energy (Re-Electrification)CH
4 + H2CH4 Source: Siemens AG, I DT, E TICO2 H2Slide16
2011
2015
2018
2023+
2030+
Silyzer
portfolio scales up by factor 10 every 4-5 years driven by market demand and co-development with our customers
Silyzer
100Lab-scaleSilyzer 300Commercial productFirst investigationsin cooperation withchemical industry
Next generationUnder developmentSilyzer 200Commercial productSilyzer portfolio roadmapReduction of H2 production cost (€/kg H2)
€
€
€
0.1 MW
1 MW10 MW100 MW1000 MWSlide17
Hydrogen production using electricity from renewables and waterJoint collaboration of Siemens, VERBUND, voestalpine, Austrian Power Grid, K1-MET and ECNCustomer value:Planned capacity: 6 MW capacity1,200 cubic meters of H2
per hour
Production start of
green hydrogen in 2018
Start up time
from cold stand-by
< 10 sec
Linz, Austria
World's largest H2 pilot plantSlide18
Gas turbines burn hydrogen
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Siemens GTs
are able to burn natural-gas with 50-60% H2
-content already today
World class leader in DLE H
2
-combustion
Product synergies and long experience
In Combined cycle BACT* is fulfilled with Siemens DLE Hydrogen products, e.g. 2ppm NOx, CO, and VOC with a SCR
Power to gas, solar and wind power into H2 energy storageGrid support within 10 minutes up to full load on renewablesReduce CO footprint and NOx with 3rd Gen DLEOperate on Refinery Fuel Gas with high H2 contentSGT-600 60% H2 @ ≤25 ppm NOx SGT-700 55% H2 @ ≤25 ppm NOx SGT-800 50% H2 @ ≤25 ppm NOx The general geometry of the burners are identical for the SGT-600,700 & 800Full string test in SGT-800 @ 100% load, 2017 (≥50%H2)High pressure test in SGT-750, 2016Engine test in SGT-700, 2012 and 2014SGT-700 continuous operation since Sept. 2014 (>10%H2)High pressure and atmospheric tests, 2008, 2009 and 2012
* Best Available Control Technology Hydrogen Capabilities and NOx compliance Applications / Customer benefits…Slide20
Storage
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Power-to-power Energy Storage technologiesElectrical storageMechanical storageElectrochemical storage
Chemical
storage
Source: Study
by
DNK/WEC
“
Energie für Deutschland 2011“, Bloomberg –
Energy Storage technologies Q2 2011CAES – Compressed Air Energy Storage 1 kW10 kW100 kW1 MW10 MW100 MW1,000 MW
Double layer capacitorSuperconductor coilMinutesSecondsHoursDays/monthsLi-ionNaS
BatteriesRedox flow batteriesH2 / Methane storage (stationary)DiabaticadiabaticCAESHydro pumpedstorageTechnologyFlywheel energy storageTime in useSlide22
Pumped storage
H2/Chemicals
Battery
Thermal
Energy storage applications and sector couplings
Application cases by location of storage
Central
Large Utilities
Grid stability, self-supply, electro-mobilityPower to gasPower-to-chemicalsGrid balancing and stability
Power-to-heating and -cooling
Distributed
Small utilities, municipalities, industry –
prosumer
56_84
Electricity
Electricity
Electricity
Heating, Cooling
H
2
/
Methane
(gas grid)
H
2
Fuel for carSlide23
Hybrid plants
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Power
Time
Black start
Frequency response
PFR + SFR
Spinning
Reserve
Fast
ramp-up and ramp-down supportIslanding, off-gridMin. environ-mental loadSiestart system operation linei.e. GT + BESSFast start, response within < 1s
Island loadFast start, stress reducedGT max. loadSiestart™: Optimized performance and new opportunities – for grid and ancillary services, and turbine operation
Siestart
GT
operation
line
BESS rated power
Primary frequency response
F
ast
start-up
Secondary frequency response
Minimum
load
Acceleration
& stabilization
of load ramps
I
slanding
off-grid
Operating
reserve for
peak power
B
lack
start and support of grid
restorageSlide25
Expected payback for
Siestart
TM
is 3-5 years –
driven by additional electricity to sell and improved efficiency
Use Case (1 & 2): mandatory reserve for Primary Frequency Response
SCC5-4000F Single-Shaft
w/o
SiestartTMSCC5-4000F Single-ShaftSiestartTM416 MW(7,5% reserve for PFR not sold to grid)450 MW(PFR 100% by Siestart)56,87% (@ 92,5% load point)57,40% (optimized load point @ 100%)Economical benefits of SiestartTM + 34 MW more to sell to grid 0,53 % ppt
more efficient @ 100% loadpayback3-5 yearsAbbreviations:
PFR: Primary Frequency Response; SFR: Secondary Frequency Response Slide26
When Energy meets IoT
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MindSphere – The cloud-based, open IoT operating system from Siemens
10
01
01
11
01
00
11
10
10
01
01
11
10010111
10
01
01
00
01001110
10
010111
10
010111
10010111010010011001011101100101000100111001001110
010111100101110010
MindConnect
Connecting
Products, Plants, Systems
and
Machines
with
MindConnect
MindApps
Powerful Industry Applications and Digital Services
MindSphere
Open
IoT
Operating System (PaaS)
Mindsphere
© Siemens AG 2018
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Power & Gas
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2018-11-16Slide28
Digital Solutions with tangible outcomes for your business today
Mindsphere
Digital Services
Digital Suite
Availability
Services & Solutions
Performance
Services & Solutions
Risk and Compliance
Services & Solutions
Ç
My Product Advisor
My Spares Advisor
My Asset Monitor
Services
Flex LTP
Power Diagnostic Center
Performance Optimization Services
Remote Services
Remote Field Service
Virtual Guidance
Remote Diagnostic Services &
myConnect
Cyber Security Services
Cyber Security Consulting, Managed Services, Professional Services, Products
On-premise Solutions
Instrumentation & Edge Solutions
On-premise Solutions
Fleet Centered Solutions
Combustion Optimization Solutions
On-premise Emissions
Optimization Solutions
Advisors
myHealth
(small turbines)
My Health Advisor (large turbines)
Emissions Optimization Advisors
My Auto Tuner
Advisors
My
StartUp
Advisor
My Performance Advisor
Digital Lifecycle Services (Alarm Opt)
Transparency Applications
Covering
Units
Plants
Fleets
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Power & Gas
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The Challenge of all nations is to manage security of supply of green energy at acceptable cost!Significant growth opportunities across the layers
PCC
Wind
~
=
~
=
~
=
~
=
PEM Electrolyzer
PEM Fuel Cell
PCC
PV
PCC
Battery
PCC
Silyzer
PCC
SGT
PCC
SiFC
~
=
NG (+x)NG + H2SynGasH2
+ CO2
Special chemicals
SGT
et al.
Grid
Large Scale Renewable Network System complexityNew technologiesSector couplingSlide30
ContactDr. Zuozhi ZhaoHead of Technology and InnovationChief Technology OfficerSiemens Power and GasHuttenstr. 12, 10553 BerlinMobile: +49 (162) 4246283E-mail: zuozhi.zhao@siemens.com siemens.comSlide31
Back-upSlide32
World Energy Investment 2013 Vs. 2017 IEA World Energy Investment Outlook 2014IEA World Energy Investment Outlook 2018Slide33
The new energy world: fully electrified, more complex and with renewable energy provision that is decoupled from consumption(PV) + (Wind) – (Consumption) = (Residual Load) = f(t)
(PV) +
(Wind)
– (Consumption) = (Residual Load)
= f(t)
Future
Production decoupled from consumption
80% share of renewables 2035+
Source: German Power Network Development Plan(PV) + (Wind) – (Consumption) = (Residual Load) = f(t)100 MW0 MW-100 MW50 MW-50 MW500 MW0 MW
-500 MW250 MW-250 MWMost likely scenario for 2024© IFHT
© IFHTPast: Production follows consumptionToday: Consumption / production mismatchSlide34
Digital Twin of Power Systems: Simulation of energy technologies and energy markets to reduce uncertainties
Energy conversion capacities
Storage technologies
Annual electric and thermal demand
Power plant modeling
Cell modeling
Regionalization of renewable energy share
Comprehensive simulation tools need to combine energy markets, power system technologies & (decentralized) cell designs
Energy System Development Plan
Scenario definition
System modeling
Operation modes
Passive (status quo)
Market driven
Hybrid
Transmission grid friendly
Distribution grid friendly
Operation of centralized power plantsOperation of decentralized virtual power plants (per cell)Distribution gridTransmission gridConversion & storagePower flow simulationsGrid expansion costsPower flow simulationsGrid expansion costsFull load hours, economic performance and emissionsInternational power exchange
Multimodal market simulationAnalysis and evaluationSlide35
Power-to-Hydrogen as a basis for sector coupling – Convert electricity in chemical form as energy carrier and feedstock
Solar (PV)
Wind
H
2
O
O
2
H2
Haber-BoschN2Ammonia(and secondary products, Urea, DAP)
MethaneMethanol(and secondary products, e.g. MTBE, gasoline, kerosene)Fischer-Tropsch products (diesel, wax)FertilizerChemical feedstockAs carrier for hydrogen or direct use for energyCarbon-neutral fuels - mobility, heatChemical feedstockRe-electrification (long-term storage)Hydrogen
Direct use for mobility (fuel cell) and electricity (turbines, engines = long-term storage)Chemical feedstock (e.g. refinery)Power GenerationConversionApplications
Air separation
CO
2GeothermalIntermittent RESContinuous RESN2Syntheses,e.g. Fischer-TropschDirect air captureCapture from flue gases(power, industry)
Water electrolysis
HydroBiomassPtHydrogenPtAmmoniaPtC
-based FuelsElectrical energyCO2Slide36
Hydrogen Storage from MWh up to GWh range is possible – some examples
Gas tube field –
GWh
range
Cylinder tank – MWh range
Salt cavern –
TWh
range
In regions without suitable geological conditions arrays of connected pipeline tubes can be usedAustenite steel type are stable against H2 embrittlement Typical size: 10 - 100 m³
Typical pressure: 18 – 40 (100) bar Pressure range: approx. 60 – 200 barTypical cavern size: 0.5 to 1 Mio m³Depth: 600 – 2.000 m Pressure range: approx. 60 – 200 barSpecific costs: approx 20 € / kWh thSpecific costs: approx 2 € / kWh th
Specific costs: approx 0.2 € / kWh thExample100 m³ H2 @ 35 bar ≈ 13 MWh th Example1 Mio m³ H2 @ 100 bar ≈ 0.4 TWh th
Specific costs:
approx
20 € / kWh
th
Spherical tank –
GWh
range
Typical size: ~ 2000 m³
Typical pressure: ≤100 bar
Example
2000 m³ H2 @ 100 bar ≈ 700 MWh
th
Slide37
Installa-tion
Siemens covers important parts of the value chain
to deliver Power-to-X projects on turnkey basis
Solution provider
for Power-to-X
Turnkey solution provider
Overall system design
Integration of Siemens products and technology and products from external partners
Finan-cingComponents and equipmentPlanning and consulting(Renewable) Energy generationOpera-tion and ServicesP-to-X plant equipmentCO2Electro-lysisSyn-thesisWind and fossil based power plants(De-)central power plantsOn-shore wind turbinesOff-shore wind turbinesP-to-L plant equipmentI&C
Electrical equipmentMechanical equipmentElectrolyzerPEM technologyPhotovoltaicsSynthesis technologyWater Electrolysis: SILYZER portfolio roadmapSiemensSiemens/GamesaSiemens/Partner
SiemensExternal partner/supplierSiemensExternal partner/supplierCarbon CaptureSlide38
Siemens Hydrogen Gas Turbines for our sustainable future –The mission is to burn 100% hydrogenHeavy-duty
gas
turbines
Industrial
gas
turbines
Aeroderivative
gas
turbines50Hz50Hz or 60Hz60Hz450 MW329 MW187 MW310 MW250 MW117 MW60 to 71 / 58 to
62 MW27 to 37 / 28 to 38 MW4 to 6 MW48 to 57 MW40 / 34 to 41 MW33 / 34 MW24 / 25 MW13 to 14 / 13 to 15 MW8 / 8 to 9 MW5 / 6 MW
41 to 44 MW
SGT5-9000HL
SGT5-8000H
SGT5-4000F
SGT5-2000E
SGT6-9000HL
SGT6-8000H
SGT6-5000F
SGT6-2000E
SGT-A65
SGT-800
SGT-A45
SGT-750
SGT-700
SGT-A35
SGT-600
SGT-400
SGT-300
SGT-100
SGT-A05
567
MW
388 MW
Power Output
Gas turbine model
100
100
65
15
65
DLE burner
WLE burner
Diffusion burner with unabated NOx emissions
H
2
capabilities in vol%
Values shown are
indicative for new unit applications and
depend on local conditions and requirements. Some operating restrictions / special hardware and package modifications may apply.
Any project >25% requi
res
dedicated engineering
for package certificatio
n.
Higher H
2
contents to be discussed on a project-specific basis.
DLE: Dry Low Emission
WLE: Wet Low EmissionSlide39
Today, approx. 95% of hydrogen production has high CO2 emissionsSlide40
Thermal Energy Storage key to de-carbonize heat, add flexibility to fossil power and provide long term storage
Solar (PV)
Wind
Power Generation
Conversion
Applications
Fluctuating RES
Exhaust
Heat
Direct
HeatUseGeothermalBase load RES
HydroBiomass
Electrical energy
Power & Industry
Fossil
Concentrated Solar PowerThermal Energy Storage(TES)Re-electrificationIntraday heat and cold storage
BraytonHeatIntraday heat storageEfficiency increase in conventional generation cyclesHeat peak demand reductionProcess continuitySeasonal heat storageIncrease of availabilityIncrease of ramp ratesIntegrate REN excess electricityCooling for buildingsCold Storage Food and beverage industryCooling for power plants
AbsorptionSelected TES media and their typical temperature levelsPressurized Water: <150°CRuth Storage: 150-300°CPCMs (LiNa, CaNi): 200 - 300°CMolten Salts: 250-600°CConcreate + Oil: 400 - 550°CAluminum alloy: 550 - 700°CBricksSilicon: 1400°CAll optionsSlide41
ETES as large scale and long term storage technology is complementary to battery and is ideal setup to renewablesGreen field site in Hamburg5.4 MW charging power
1.2 MW discharging power
24h storage capacity
25% total cycle efficiency
(proof of concept w/o efficiency optimization )
480°C steam temperature at 65 bar
Working principle
Technology approach driven by simplicity of the storage concept and the cost effectiveness of components
Charging cycle(resistive heating)Resistive heatingHeat storage
Air is heated with a resistive heater and stored in a low cost heat storage Discharging cycle(steam power plant)Heat storageSteam turbine
Close to 50% efficiency possible Low cost energy storage for large amounts of energy Resistive heating allows for maximum flexibility and fast responsePerfectly fit into energy mix Reuse of existing conventional
power plants Turning heat into power using stem is a well known procedure, that generates over 80% of the worlds electricityETES achievementsSources: Siemens GamesaSlide42
The real questions can be better addressed with digitalization
Performance
Risk Management
& Compliance
Transparency Applications
Availability
“How do we prevent business disruption and protect our top- and bottom line?”
“How can we m
aintain startup availability when prices spike at short notice?”“How do we put decision support at the fingertips of our executives?”“How can we change our plant performance profile from base load to cycling?”
© Siemens AG 2018
Zuozhi Zhao, Siemens
Power & Gas
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2018-11-16