Welcome Class - PowerPoint Presentation

Welcome Class ADJ-1 Intro to Criminal Justice Instructor Ed Ramirez 1

My Background I had a 38 year career in Law Enforcement23 years with the Los Angeles Police Department February 27, 1978 to January 13, 200115 years with the Riverside County District Attorney’s Office January 11, 2001 to January 12, 2016 2

Assignments during my 38 year career Uniform Patrol, 4 divisions Gangs, bureau wide gang unit covering 5 divisionsNarcotics, Newton DivisionUndercover vice, Newton DivisionDetectives, Investigated robberies, homicides & Officer Involved Shootings (Newton, South Bureau, Robbery Homicide Division) Riverside DA 2001 to 2016 District Attorney’s Office- SeniorIII Investigator, Major Crimes 3

My Education I have a BS in Business Management and A Master’s Degree in Criminal Justice 4

Students Each week, I will be posting an Agenda for the class Class will start roughly five minutes after official start of class 5

Agenda 08/27/19 Welcome Cover Emergencies What do you expect? Cover Syllabus Q & A Briefly cover Chapter One Next class, (Thursday), any issues? 6

Safety & Emergencies What do we do in an emergency?? 7 What sort of emergencies are we thinking of??

Emergency Evacuation and Emergency Situations On Campus “active shooter” Fire Earthquake Medical 8 Evacuation route or path First aid

MASS SHOOTINGS 9 No where is safe from a mass shooter: Schools Movie Theaters Night Clubs What can we do? Active Shooter TrainingSee something, say somethingHear something, say somethingKnow something, say something

Grades Your total accumulated points will determine your final course grade as follows: 600 – 540 points = A 539 – 480 points = B 479 – 420 points = C 419 – 360 points = D359 and below points = FExtra Credit may be assigned and available Let’s take out the syllabus 10Please read syllabus for breakdown of assignments, quizzes and papers

Syllabus Let’s REVIEW 11

12 In regards to the syllabus

What you can expect to learn in this class The major components of the justice system There are three:PoliceCourts Corrections 13

Criminal Justice What is the process of the criminal justice system? Steps in the criminal justice process include: the investigation arrest, pretrial activities, adjudication, sentencing, and CorrectionsDuring the adjudication phase, the trial by jury begins. The purpose of this criminal trial is to determine the guilt or innocence of the defendant.14

PoliceEntry into the system How is it that a person(s) enter into the system? 15

Police Traffic CitationsDispatched radio call (You can be a )Victim, witness, orA suspect Role of Law Enforcement, initial contact, investigation, arrest, booking 16

COURTS Prosecution and pretrial services 17 Role of courts: charging, preliminary hearing, arraignment plea bargaining, adjudication, sentencing

CORRECTIONS ProbationPrisonParole 18 Role of corrections: fines, probation, incarceration

Agenda for 08/29/19 Current news regarding Criminal Justice Finish up with Chapter One 19

Probation vs. Parole What is the difference? This will be covered and explained during the semester in Chapter 10 20

Introduction The American Criminal Justice System wields a lot of power Police can arrest Courts can convict Corrections can imprison In most serious cases, the system even has control over who lives and who dies Example: Capital Punishment 21

Death Penalty For or Against 22

What is a Crime? Write down on a piece of paper what your definition of a crime is 23

Offenders Commit Crimes CRIME? What is a crime? Conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse 24

CRIMES 25

Crimes Some examples: 211 P.C.459 P.C. 484 P.C. 245 P.C. 207 P.C. 422 P.C.187 P.C. 26

Crimes (Types) cont’d 211 p.c. Robbery-Robbery is the felonious taking of personal property in the possession of another, from his person or immediate presence, and against his will, accomplished by means of force or fear. In Penal Code 187, California law defines "murder" as "the unlawful killing of a human being or fetus with “ Malice Aforethought” "Malice aforethought" means the killer "with wanton disregard for human life, does an act that involves a high degree of probability that it will result in death." 27

422 PC Criminal Threats is considered a wobbler in California. A wobbler is a crime that may be charge as a misdemeanor or as a felony. Both misdemeanor and felonycriminal threats charges are filed under PC 422. When PC 422 is charged as a misdemeanor, the Defendant may face up to one year in a county jail. 28

207 P.C. 207. (a) Every person who forcibly, or by any other means of instilling fear, steals or takes, or holds, detains, or arrests any person in this state, and carries the person into another country, state, or county, or into another part of the same county, is guilty of kidnapping. 29

American Systemof Justice Is a consensual system that relies upon both public acceptance and public cooperation for it to function effectively If we lose faith in the justice process and question its legitimacy, then the day to day work of law enforcement officers, courts and corrections would become insurmountably difficult and their jobs would be impossible to preform 30

From 2014 to 2017 The criminal justice system in this country was teetering on the edge of just such a crisis. Police Officers using deadly force Michael Brown (Ferguson, Missouri)Eric Garner (New York) NYPD Officers who were shot dead as they sat in their marked police cruiser 31

New York City Police Officers December, 2014, two police officers were assassinated while they sat in their police vehicle 28 year old suspect, Ismaalyl BrinsleyShot and killed himselfPosted anti-police threats on his Instagram page Angry over Garner and Brown “They take one, let’s take two of theirs” 32

Who was Eric Garner? Eric Garner died on July 17, 2014, when a New York City police officer, Daniel Pantaleo, wrapped his arm around Mr. Garner’s neck and, along with other officers, wrestled him to the ground during an arrest after he was seen selling untaxed cigarettes on a Staten Island street.Note: The Choke hole that was applied was not in policy of the New York Police Department 33

Out of Policy Police Misconduct DisciplineSteps taken 34

Michael Brown Ferguson, Missouri An unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, Michael BrownOfficer Darren Dean Wilson Unarmed-???  35 https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/08/13/us/ferguson-missouri-town-under-siege-after-police-shooting.html

Hatred in America On July 7, 2016, Micah Xavier Johnson ambushed and fired upon a group of police officers in Dallas, Texas, killing five officers and injuring nine others. Two civilians were also wounded.  Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, Parkland, Florida, 17 killed (On February 14, 2018) 36 Nikolas Jacob Cruz  (born September 24, 1998)

Hatred in America Cont’d The FBI reported more than a 17 percent rise in hate crimes across America, officials said Tuesday — the third consecutive year the numbers have increased. 37 https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/hate-crimes-america-spiked-17-percent-last-year-fbi-says-n935711

Hatred in America Cont’d Las Vegas massacre Thousand Oaks shooting11 killed in Pittsburgh synagogue shooting; gunman yelled 'All Jews must die' In 2017, the U.S. saw a total of 346 mass shootings.  38 https://www.10news.com/news/national/mass-shootings-in-us-when-where-they-have-occurred-in-2018

Brief History of Crime in America 1850 – 1880, crime epidemic spurred by social upheaval brought on by large scale immigration and the Civil War (The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.) 1920-1933, Prohibition1960-1970, Civil Rights 1970-1980s, Murder, rape increased, illicit drug use 39 https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/civil-rights-movement-timeline

Prohibition The 18th Amendment only forbade the “manufacture, sale and transportation of intoxicating liquors”— not their consumption. By law, any wine, beer or spirits Americans had stashed away in January 1920 were theirs to keep and enjoy in the privacy of their homes. 40

Brief History of Crime in America 1992, Rodney King Late 1990s, Crime rates rose, many offenders went unpunished2001, 911 terrorist attacks (USA Patriot Act) 2012-to present, Epidemic of mass shootings 41 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5J7xHzI061k&has_verified=1

42 Koon orders the officers to " hit  his joints,  hit  the wrists, hit his elbows, hit his knees, hit his ankles." Officers Wind, Briseno, and Powell attempted numerous baton strikes on King, resulting in some misses but with 33 blows hitting King, plus six kicks.

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Theme of this Book Individual Rights versus Public Order Individual rights refer to the liberties of each individual to pursue life and goals without interference from other individuals or the government.  Examples  of individual rights  include the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness as stated in the United States Declaration of Independence.Public order is the domain of police or other policing agencies, courts, prosecution services, and prisons—all of which make up the criminal justice system. 44 Individual rights rose during the 1960s

The  right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness The phrase is fairly straightforward. In the Declaration, Thomas Jefferson states that everyone has a right to life (self-explanatory), liberty (which is freedom, so people have  several civil rights automatically granted to them in the U.S.), and the  pursuit of happiness .45 The pursuit of happiness is defined as a fundamental right mentioned in the Declaration of Independence to freely pursue joy and live life in a way that makes you happy, as long as you don't do anything illegal or violate the rights of others.

Criminal Justice andBasic Fairness Social JusticeCivil Justice Criminal Justice 46

Social Justice An Idea that embraces all aspects of civilized life and that is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and to cultural beliefs about right and wrong 47

Civil Justice The civil law- What are your “Civil Rights” Civil rights  include  the  ensuring of peoples' physical and mental integrity, life, and safety; protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, color, age, political affiliation, ethnicity, religion, and disability48

Civil Rights cont’d More on Examples of civil rights  included are: The right to vote, The right to a fair trial, The  right  to government services, The right to a public education, and The right to use public facilities.49

Criminal Justice Criminal justice is the delivery of justice  to those who have committed crimes. ... Other goals include the rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and moral support for victims. The primary institutions of the  criminal justice  system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and prisons. 50

DUE PROCESS Rights guaranteed by the 4th, 5 th, 6th, and 14th Amendments Due process (procedural fairness) 51

Due process of law Due process of  law. The principle that an individual cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards. 52

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Case laws ? Mapp v. Ohio, 1961Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963Miranda v. Arizona, 1966 Roe v. Wade, 1973 54 https://www.constitutionfacts.com/content/supremecourt/files/supremecourt_landmarkcases.pdf

Case Laws cont’d Mapp v . Ohio, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on June 19, 1961, ruled (6–3) that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits “unreasonable searches and seizures,” is inadmissible in state courts. 55

Case law cont’d Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, is a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In it, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys Case decided in 1963 56

Case law cont’d In Miranda v . Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court ruled that detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incriminationProvide possible “Miranda” examples 57

Attorney’s Cite Landmark cases After a decision is made by either the state supreme court or the Federal Supreme court, attorney’s either for the defendant or the prosecutor can cite cases 58

Police Review Enforce the law, investigate crimesApprehend offenders, reduce and prevent crime Maintain public order, ensure community safetyProvide community servicesProtect the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals 59

Criminal Courts Review Conduct fair and impartial trials, decide criminal cases Ensure due process, determine guilt or innocenceImpose sentences on the guilty, uphold the lawRequire fairness throughout the justice processProtect the rights and freedoms of anyone facing processing by the justice system 60

Corrections Review Carry out sentences imposed by the courtsProvide safe and humane custody and supervision of offendersProtect the communityRehabilitate, reform, and reintegrate convicted offenders back into the communityRespect the legal and human rights of the convicted 61

Humane?? 62

Humane?? 63

Criminal Justice Careers Page 18 from Chapter OneLong list of career paths to look at 64

Any Questions? 65