PlaneWrong - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

PlaneWrong

AGM

Thursday 13

th

OctoberSlide2

The Civil Aviation Authority – Our Role

The CAA. UK's independent aviation regulator.

CAA regulatory activities range from making sure that the aviation industry meets the highest safety, operational and technical standards, to preventing holidaymakers from being stranded abroad or losing money because of tour operator insolvency.

Airspace is one of the key roles of the CAA.

CAA own the

Airspace Change

Process

under which change proposals are submitted by sponsors for approval; CAA don’t own proposals.

Operate under the auspices of the Government’s Transport Act 2000, Directions to the CAA (signed by both the Secretary of State for Transport and the Secretary of State for Defence) and within Environmental Guidance issued by the DfT (last amended in February 2014). DfT provide the

Policy.

Airspace Change Process

and the Guidance for it set out in Civil Aviation Publications 724 and 725 (

currently consulting upon changes

).Slide3

Revised Route 4

6 Month ReviewSlide4

Revised Route 4 – 6 Month Review

Post Implementation Review (PIR) of Gatwick Airports Limited’s (GAL) RNAV SID replication of the existing conventional departure routes concluded that

Routes

2, 4

and 5 required revision.

http://www.caa.co.uk/Commercial-industry/Airspace/Airspace-change/Reviews/Changes-to-Gatwick-departures-2013/

.

The revised Route 4 design, using principles established by To70 for the first turn, implemented 26th May, monitored for 6 months.

End of the 6 months revised design will remain operational whilst the CAA considers the data collected during monitoring. 

The CAA will aim to publish its decision whether or not the modified design is acceptable as soon as possible; expected within 3-4 months.  Slide5

Revised Route 4 – 6 month Review

The objective of the re-design is set out in CAA letter to GAL dated 23rd May 2016 which is available on CAA website.

CAA will assess where the data shows aircraft are flying and whether they are flying where designers anticipated

CAA will use radar data and the feedback received from local residents

GAL are required to collect and collate data, before providing it to CAA

CAA aware of A380 ‘turning tight’ due to low speed. GAL engaging with the airlineSlide6

Path Termination

Instrument Flight Procedures (IFP)Slide7

7

Path Termination - IFP

How does the aircraft know what to do between waypoints?

Industry has defined a set of actions which:

Tells the aircraft what to fly:

Track

Course

Heading

Direct

What success factor must be met to complete the action:

Altitude

Distance

Next fix

etcSlide8

Use Of Path Terminators

Available Path Terminators are defined in

ICAO PBN Manual - Navigation Specifications e.g. RNAV 1

A terminal Airspace RNAV 1 procedure will have associated with the chart depiction, a coding table defining the Path Terminators to be used, there order to be sequenced and any constraints (speed, altitude)

It is the coding table loaded into the airborne navigation data base and then executed by the FMS that provides the functional path definition to the aircraft’s flight guidance (path steering) systemSlide9

9

Path Terminators - IFP

ARINC 424 industry standards define Path Terminators

Not all Path Terminators are used in PBN

Path Terminators may be different or not enabled in some aircraft

Terminator

A

Altitude

C

Distance

I

Next leg

M

Manual termination

R

Radial termination

D

DME distance

F

Fix

Path

F

Course from a

fix to

Course to

C

Direct Track

D

Holding

pattern

H

Constant radius

R

Constant DME arc

A

Initial

I

Heading to

V

Track between

TSlide10

Waypoint Transitions

Fly-over

Fly-bySlide11

Fly-by Transition

Most common turn performance

Computer calculates bank angle required to intercept next track based on a variety of parameters:

Wind

Speed

Angle of Turn (

α

)

etc

Computer calculates point to initiate turn, max >20NM (Y) before WPTAvionics applies calculated Bank AngleDifferent aircraft will initiate turn at different points inbound the active WPT (Transition Area)

Y

α

Transition Waypoint

R

Fly By Transition

AreaSlide12

Turn Anticipation

Variable for ambient

conditions (effect of wind on ground speed),

altitude, angle of

turn, bank angle authority,

phase of flight, avionics, and aircraftSlide13

Course to Fix

CF Leg

080

0

A

Course is flown making adjustment for windSlide14

Track to a Fix

TF Leg

A

BSlide15

RWY 26L LAM 1X Wraparound TurnSlide16

Coding Table for RWY 26L LAM 1X – “Old” Route 4

Path Terminator Sequence

Leg Transitions – All Fly-by

PBN SpecificationSlide17
Slide18

RWY 26L LAM 2X Wraparound TurnSlide19

Coding Table for

RWY 26L LAM

2X

–

“Current”

Route 4

Second path Terminator in the sequence is now a CF having on the previous leg flown-over (Fly-over) KKW02Slide20
Slide21

Tracks from GAL Route 4 BlogSlide22

Thank you