Behaviours in young Children Sari Bornstein Childrens eating behavior is an important priority given the prevalence of childhood obesity Differences in child temperament may be a reason why certain children have better relationship with food than others ID: 292171
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Relationships between Temperament and eating Behaviours in young Children
Sari BornsteinSlide2
Children’s eating behavior is an important priority given the prevalence of childhood obesityDifferences in child temperament may be a reason why certain children have better relationship with food than others
Overweight vs. underweight
Feeding problemsFOOD APPROACH eating behaviors: food responsiveness, emotional over-eating, enjoyment of food, desire to drinkFOOD AVOIDANT eating behaviors: satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, emotional under-eating and food fussiness
Background:Slide3
To examine associations between young children’s temperament and a range of typical eating behaviors, andTo examine the association between children’s BMI,
eating behavior and temperament
Purpose:Slide4
Children that report having a more difficult temperament would have more food avoidance and less food approach eating behaviors, andChildren having a higher BMI would have higher levels of food approach eating behaviors and more emotional temperament
Hypothesis:Slide5
Included 241 mothers of children aged 3-8 yearsExcluded from the study if:Missing information
Father/male caregiver
Information on the mothers:Mean age of mothers: 36 Y.O. (SD 5.72)Mean BMI of mothers: 24 (SD 4.17) *generally healthy weight*Mean education level after 16 Y.O: 4 years (SD 2.82)Information on the children:
55% male, 45% female
Mean age: 5 Y.O.
25% underweight, 51% normal weight, 24% overweight/obese
White, middle class neighborhoods
Participants:Slide6
Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) Distributed to nurseries/schools for the parent to fill out, along with background information of the mother and child
35 item questionnaire on 4
food approach eating behaviors: food responsiveness, emotional over-eating, enjoyment of food, desire to drink, and 4 food avoidant eating behaviors: satiety responsiveness, slowness of eating, emotional under-eating, food fussiness
Based on a 5-point
Likert
scale (never to always)
Mean scores were calculated
EAS Temperament Survey
20 statements assessing 4 dimensions of children’s
temperament
: shyness, emotionality, sociability & activity Based on a 5-point Likert scale. Higher scores indicated the trait being more typicalMean scores were calculatedT-tests used to analyze dataExamined differences in child age and genderGirls more emotional than boys & boys more active than girls
Methods:Slide7
Table 1. Descriptive statistics for the whole sample of children on subscales of the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire and EAS Temperament Survey.
Children (
N = 241) Mean (SD) Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire Food responsiveness 2.20 (0.64) Emotional over-eating 1.72 (0.59)
Enjoyment of food 3.86 (0.68)
Desire to drink 2.52 (0.96)
Satiety responsiveness 2.94 (0.64)
Slowness in eating 2.92 (0.83)
Emotional under-eating 2.76 (0.90)
Food fussiness 2.70 (0.81)
EAS Temperament Survey Shyness 2.62 (0.81) Emotionality 2.57 (0.94) Sociability 3.57 (0.65) Activity 4.17 (0.71)
Data:Slide8
Shyness
Emotionality
SociabilityActivity
BMI
FOOD
APPROACH
Food responsiveness
X
Emotional over-eating
X
X
Enjoyment of food
X
Desire to drink
XFOOD AVOIDANT Satiety responsivenessX Slowness in eatingXX Emotional under-eatingX Food fussinessX
Results:
X
indicates a positive correlation
X
indicates a negative correlation Slide9
The data found supported the claims that:Children with more difficult temperaments would have more food avoidant eating behaviors.
Children with higher BMI would have greater food approach eating behaviors.
No evidence was found which related children’s BMI to emotional temperament.Emotionality was the only temperament trait that correlated with children’s eating behaviorsSummary:Slide10
Emotional children are more subjected to emotional under- or over-eating Early temperament is likely to be associated with later eating problems
Limitations include: reliance on parental reporting, examination of only 4 temperament traits and absence of objective height & weight measurements
Feeding practices that parents use with their children is a relative factor in this study, but wasn’t includedFurther work is needed to explore the findings
Conclusion: