PPT-POLYPLOIDY Dr.H.B.Mahesha

Yuvarajas College University of Mysore Mysore 11 September 2020 wwwhbmaheshweeblycom 1 Mitotic and meiotic divisions are highly precise as a result of which the chromosome number of different species are highly stable But a low frequency of irregularities do occur These irregularities in chromosome number some type have contributed to crop evolution and all the types are of much use in plant breeding. *Corresponding author: Dr David Wetherell, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Urology Unit, Austin Hospital, Room 8244, Level 8, Harold-Stokes Building, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Made famous by S. Ohno, who suggested WGD can be a route to. . evolutionary innovation (focusing on . neofunctionalization. ). Ohno proposed in the 1970s that vertebrate lineage underwent two WGDs . or. How a perfectly good system can go wrong go wrong go wrong. There are 2 types of mutations. 1)Chromosomal rearrangements. . There are too many or too few chromosomes. (nondisjunction and polyploidy). Selective Breeding. Student Learning Objectives. One/Many Idea:. Define selective breeding. Describe Inbreeding. Describe Hybridisation. Describe Polyploidy . Which of these is/are not genetically manipulated?. . Allopatric Speciation Sympatric Speciation Adaptive Radiation. Objectives. To define speciation. To explore the different types of speciation. To examine real life examples of different types of speciation. Impacts of . Ploidy. Changes. Changes in chromosome number and structure can have major health impacts e.g. trisomy 21. Polyploidy in cultivated and domesticated plants is widespread and of evolutionary and economic importance. A) genetic barriers such as polyploidy. B) morphologically distinguishable . taxa. C) minimal gene flow across . taxa. D) ecological differentiation. E) cryptic species. 2) Speciation requires. A) divergence. Concept 22.2: Speciation can take place with or without geographic separation. Speciation can occur in two ways. Allopatric speciation. Sympatric speciation. Allopatric (. “. Other Country. ”. ) Speciation. Sympatric Speciation. Sympatric Speciation occurs . without. geographic isolation, thus it occurs at a local level. . There is something within the environment that keeps a single species separated into two or more distinct groups.. 86T. HAGAThis may range from the non-differentiated to the fully-differentiatedstate even in cells of the same cold-treated tissue (Kurabayashi, 1948,1952), a fundamental fact which appears not to hav Associate Professor. Department of Sericulture. Yuvaraja’s. College, . University of Mysore, Mysore, India. 29 August 2019. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. The name . Coleoptera. , derived from the Greek words . Associate Professor and Head. Department of Sericulture. Yuvaraja’s College . University of Mysore, Mysuru, India. 10 September 2020. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. Associate Professor and Head. Department of Sericulture. Yuvaraja’s. College. University of Mysore, Mysuru, India. 10 September 2020. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. A group of complex compounds found in all living cells and viruses, composed of . Change in structure or amount of an organism’s genetic material. Change in genotype produces change in phenotype = . mutant. 2 types of mutation. Chromosome mutation. Change in structure of one chromosome.