Lymphatic System 1. Lymphatic system consists of lymph, lymph - PowerPoint Presentation

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Lymphatic System

1. Lymphatic system consists of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph tissue 2. Works with the

circulatory

system 3. Removes waste and excess fluid from the tissues

Overview:

1. Thin, watery fluid 2. Composed of intercellular or interstitial fluid that forms when plasma diffuses into tissue spaces.3. Composed of water, digested nutrients, salts, hormones, oxygen, carbon dioxide, lymphocytes, and

metabolic

wastes such as urea4. When fluid enters lymphatic system, be comes known as

lymph

Lymph

1. Located throughout the body in almost all tissues that have blood vesselsLymphatic Vessels/”

Lymphatics

”

a. Small, open-ended lymph vesselsb. Act like drainpipesc. Pick up lymph at tissues throughout the bodyd. Capillaries join together to form larger lymphatic

vessels

Lymphatic Capillaries

Lymphatic vessels carry lymph Contractions of skeletal muscles against lymph vessels cause lymph to flow through vessels Vessels pass through lymph nodes

Contain valves that keep the lymph flowing one way – towards the heart

Lymphatic Vessels

cont

:

Specialized lymphatic capillaries, called lacteals, located in area of small intestine a. Pick up digested fats or lipids b. When lymph is mixed with the lipids it is called

chyle

c. Lacteals transport the chyle

to the blood stream through the

thoracic

duct

Lacteals

Popularly called “glands”Located all over the body usually in groups or clusters – principal groupings are located in the neck, armpits, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and groin

Small, oval masses ranging in size from a pinhead to an almond

Lymph Nodes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kh-XdNnTZUo

Lymph vessels bring lymph to the nodesNodes filter the lymph and remove impurities such as:

Carbon

Cancer cellsPathogens or disease producing organ Dead blood cells

Lymph Nodes

cont

:

Lymphatic tissue in nodes also produces substances such as:Lymphocytes: a type of leukocyte or white blood cell

Antibodies

: substances used to combat infectionF. Purified lymph, with lymphocytes and antibodies added, leaves the lymph node by one or two lymphatic vessels

Lymph Nodes

cont

:

As lymphatic vessels leave the lymph nodes, they continue to join together to form larger lymph vesselsEventually they drain into one of two lymphatic ducts: the right lymphatic duct or the thoracic duct

Lymphatic Ducts

Short tubeReceives all the purified lymph from the right side of the head and neck, the right chest, and the right armEmpties into the right

subclavian

vein, returning the purified lymph to the blood

Right Lymphatic Duct

Much larger tubeDrains the lymph from the rest of the bodyEmpties into the left subclavian veinEnlarged

pouchlike

structure called the cisterna chyli is located at the start of the thoracic duct

Thoracic Duct

Serves as a storage area for purified lymphReceives chyle from the intestinal lacteals

Cisterna

Chyli

Located throughout the body in addition to being in the lymph nodesTonsils, spleen, and thymus

are examples of lymphatic tissue

Lymph Tissue

Masses of lymph tissueFilter interstitial fluidThree pairs of tonsilsPalatine tonsils on each side of the soft

palate

Pharyngeal tonsils (also called adenoids) located in the

nasopharynx

(upper part of the throat)

Lingual

tonsils on the back of the tongue

Tonsils

Organ located on

the left side

in back of the upper part of the stomachProduces leukocytes and antibodies

Destroys

old erythrocytes or red blood cells

Spleen

Stores erythrocytes to

release

into blood stream if excessive bleeding occursDestroys thrombocytes or plateletsFilters some metabolites and wastes from tissues

http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CqWulccLMo

Spleen

Mass of lymph tissue located in the center of the upper chestAtrophies or wastes away after puberty and is replaced by fat and connective tissue

Thymus

Functions during early lifeProduces

antibodies

Manufactures lymphocytes to fight infectionFunction is taken over by lymph nodes after it atrophies

http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFXQV-XJf3M

Thymus