J Allison 1 A Cowie 1 J Hand 1 N J Kelly 1 S Galloway 2 B Stephen 2 1 Energy Systems Research Unit Mechanical amp Aerospace Engineering 2 Institute for Energy and Environment ID: 810322
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Slide1
Simulation and implementation of heat pump load shifting in a low carbon building
J Allison
1, A Cowie 1, J Hand1, N J Kelly1, S Galloway2, B Stephen2
1 Energy Systems Research Unit, Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering2 Institute for Energy and Environment, Electronic & Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland.
Slide2Context: Electrification of Heat/Cooling
Slide3Aim and Objectives
develop & test predictive load shift demonstrator in a test housedeployment of monitoring equipment and acquisition of test house performance datadevelopment & calibration
of test house simulation model;use of the model to identify the parameters for a predictive control algorithmassessing virtual effectiveness of load shifting using simulationimplementation of the load shift controller in the real test housemonitoring and assessment of actual performance under load shiftingassessment of load shifting ‘flexibility’
Slide4Test House and Systems
demonstrator house located at the BRE innovation park Motherwelltest centre for new housing designsdemonstrator is a 3-bedroom low carbon house provided by Applegreen Homes
Slide5Test House and Systems
demonstrator is a 3-bedroom low carbon house provided by Applegreen Homessteel frame with infill insulated panels3/5kW NIBE exhaust air heat pump provides space and hot water heatingintegrated hot water store
under floor heating1kW PV array on roof
Slide6Test House and Systems
Evaporator
s
upply air
e
xhaust air
DHW
s
upply and return to heating circuits
b
rine
c
old water feed
Condenser
NIBE F470 exhaust air heat pump
Slide7Instrumentation – Lower Floor
HP
T+RHCCT+RH
T+RHT+RH
Slide8Instrumentation – Upper Floor
l
ogger/ laptopTT+RHT+RH
T+RH
Slide9Instrumentation - Rooftop
s
olar radiationwind speed + directiontemperature + RH
Slide10House Characterisation
thermal characteristics:blower door test (air tightness)thermal pulse test (heat losses and fabric dynamic thermal performance)response to climate and heating5
-months performance & climate data @ 10min resolution
Slide11House Model
detailed model of the house created on ESP-r building simulation tool calibrated using monitored datapredicts conditions typically within +/- 1oC of monitored dataused to develop predictive control algorithma
nd analyse aspects of performance beyond tests
Slide12House Model
Slide13House Model
Calibration results:
Slide14Predict Day-Ahead Charge
model used to predict the day-ahead space heating charge to underfloor slabintended to be sufficient to keep the house temperature between 18 and 23oC 0700-2200
simulation done over a year allows charge to determined for a wide range of climate conditions.
Slide15Predict Day-Ahead Charge
Slide16Predict Day-Ahead Charge
house well insulated and has significant amounts of glazing - day ahead heat charge is f(Te,Solar)
Te
– day ahead external air temperature (
oC
)
So – day ahead solar insolation (kWh)
Slide17PLSC Virtual Test:Thermal Comfort
variation of indoor air temperatures during simulated load shift
Slide18PLSC Implementation
heat pump comms system developedNIBE operating data can be accessed via SMS (also has web interface but data encrypted/proprietary)SMS interface device installed m
anual and automatic control options SMS
Evaporator
c
old water feed
Condenser
Slide19PLSC Implementation
PLSC tested September
, October 2015
Slide20PLSC Implementation
“The professors invention for peeling potatoes”
complex, but effective*
Slide21PLSC Implementation: Dashboard
heating system pre-charge test
current clamp readingnext day charge estimateabsorb/drop load indicator
next day weatheroutdoor T + RH
indoor T
Slide22PLSC
Performance
variation of indoor air temperatures with active load shifting on house heating system5kW; COP = 1
Slide23Further Analysis: Flexibility
Slide24full scale demonstrator for predictive load shifting developed and tested in LC house w/underfloor heating
calibrated building simulation model used to identify predictive load shift controller parametersassess likely impact of controller on comfort predictive control tested on real house via cloud based
controllerautomated load shifting active autumn 2015 comfort conditions maintained for 87% of timenegative impact on performance of heat pump (COP ~ 1)temporal ‘flexibility’ in heat pump load shifting assessed with simulation modelconstrained during periods of high load or limited usageConclusions
Slide25house unoccupied during testst
ests focused on space heatinghot water not includedunderfloor heating acted as thermal storepoor heat pump systemon/off control of heat pump
Caveats
Slide26Applegreen Homes Ltd.
BRE Ltd.EPSRCDr Paul Baker, Glasgow Caledonian UniversityAcknowledgements
Slide27Questions?
www.fits-lcd.org.uk
Slide28