PDF-(BOOK)-A Troublesome Inheritance: Genes, Race and Human History

Drawing on startling new evidence from the mapping of the genome an explosive new account of the genetic basis of race and its role in the human story Fewer ideas have been more toxic or harmful than the idea of the biological reality of race and with it the idea that humans of different races are biologically different from one another For this understandable reason the idea has been banished from polite academic conversation Arguing that race is more than just a social construct can get a scholar run out of town or at least off campus on a rail Human evolution the consensus view insists ended in prehistoryInconveniently as Nicholas Wade argues in A Troublesome Inheritance the consensus view cannot be right And in fact we know that populations have changed in the past few thousand yearsto be lactose tolerant for example and to survive at high altitudes Race is not a brightline distinction by definition it means that the more human populations are kept apart the more they evolve their own distinct traits under the selective pressure known as Darwinian evolution For many thousands of years most human populations stayed where they were and grew distinct not just in outward appearance but in deeper senses as wellWade the longtime journalist covering genetic advances for The New York Times draws widely on the work of scientists who have made crucial breakthroughs in establishing the reality of recent human evolution The most provocative claims in this book involve the genetic basis of human social habits What we might call middleclass social traitsthrift docility nonviolencehave been slowly but surely inculcated genetically within agrarian societies Wade argues These values obviously had a strong cultural component but Wade points to evidence that agrarian societies evolved away from huntergatherer societies in some crucial respects Also controversial are his findings regarding the genetic basis of traits we associate with intelligence such as literacy and numeracy in certain ethnic populations including the Chinese and Ashkenazi JewsWade believes deeply in the fundamental equality of all human peoples He also believes that science is best served by pursuing the truth without fear and if his mission to arrive at a coherent summa of what the new genetic science does and does not tell us about race and human history leads straight into a minefield then so be it This will not be the last word on the subject but it will begin a powerful and overdue conversation. This presentation . builds on session 1 exploring patterns of inheritance. Patterns of inheritance. The objectives of this presentation are to:. Understand how genes are inherited. Understand the differences between the inheritance patterns associated with Autosomal dominant, Autosomal recessive, X-linked recessive and chromosomal abnormalities. INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS. APPLIED GENETICS. Chapter 14A: INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS. Mendel. Rules and Terminology for Examination of Genetic Inheritance. Expanding the Rules and Terminology to follow two (or more) genes in a cross. Humans have approximately . 20,000 – 30,000. genes that code for traits. . However, only have . 46 chromosomes. . Thus each chromosome must have . many genes. on them. . Often seen in . Sex-Linked Traits. Contents:. Introduction to sex linked inheritance.. Chromosome carries which type of genes?. Three types of traits. Characteristics of sex linkage.. Types of sex linkage.. Sex linked disorders.. Sex linked inheritance :. Overview of Genetics. Genetics – Overview. Genetics is the study of heredity and variation . Genetics is the unifying discipline in biology. Explains why organisms have certain traits . How traits are passed from parent to offspring. SBI3U. Mendel Demonstrated. :. Law of Segregation. Law of Independent Assortment. The . alleles. for a gene . segregate independently. . during meiosis. . This applies to alleles located on homologous chromosomes. 11.1 Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance. 11.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance. EQ: What is the difference between sex linked genes and genes found on autosomal chromosomes? . Chromosomes and Phenotype. Chapter 15, Section 5. Genomic Imprinting. For a few mammalian traits (2-3 dozen), the phenotype depends on which parent passed along the alleles for those traits.. Such variation in phenotype is called . aa black. cc – – white. C– A – agouti. C– aa black. Inheritance of blood groups. (A-). (B-). (A-). (B-). (A-). (B-). (A-). (B-). Possible child’s blood type. Possible father’s blood type. 1. Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance. Theodor . Boveri. Walter Sutton. In 1902, Walter Sutton and Theodor . Boveri. developed the . Chromosome Theory of Inheritance. . . This theory basically states that Mendelian genes have a specific locus on the chromosome and that chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment during meiosis. . The production of gametes (sex cells). Males = spermatogenesis in the testes. Females = oogenesis in the ovaries. Mitosis vs Meiosis. (Remember). . Diploid. Contain the full number (set) of chromosomes. In a journey across four continents, acclaimed science writer Steve Olson traces the origins of modern humans and the migrations of our ancestors throughout the world over the past 150,000 years. Like Jared Diamond\'s Guns, Germs and Steel, Mapping Human History is a groundbreaking synthesis of science and history. Drawing on a wide range of sources, including the latest genetic research, linguistic evidence, and archaeological findings, Olson reveals the surprising unity among modern humans and demonstrates just how naive some of our ideas about our human ancestry have been (Discover).Olson offers a genealogy of all humanity, explaining, for instance, why everyone can claim Julius Caesar and Confucius as forebears. Olson also provides startling new perspectives on the invention of agriculture, the peopling of the Americas, the origins of language, the history of the Jews, and more. An engaging and lucid account, Mapping Human History will forever change how we think about ourselves and our relations with others. 47 UNIT - II Inheritance and Variation CHAPTER 4 Multiple alleles Human blood groups Genetic control of Rh factor 4.4 Sex determination in human, insects and birds Sex linked inheritance Karyotypin Important. Notes. For revision only. Objectives: . Asses Mendel’s laws of inheritance. Understand the . bases. of Mendelian inheritance. Define various patterns of single gene inheritance using family pedigree and Punnett’s squares.