Part 01 Modern companies are using IS or IS tranforming modern business you must read this part in the New reference book page 35 IS or IT changes the structure of an organisation new reference book page 117 ID: 340110
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Slide1
Final round-ups “ISO”
Part -01 Slide2
Modern companies are using I.S, or I.S
tranforming
modern business. (you must read this part in the New reference book page 35)
I.S or I.T changes the structure of an organisation( new reference book page 117)
Do you know?
ERP
CRM
DSS
ESS
KM
Intranet
Extranet
E-Business
E-commerce
E-communications( e-mail, YM, Skype)
CAD/CAI
Social networking Slide3
Question with
Information Systems (IS) in an Organisational Context
. ( should mention cooper and Quinn + 4 perspectives Mechanist – organisation or department is similar to a machine. In other words like a factory.
Structuralist - organisation with defined structure.
Organist- organisation as living being that develops in an environment.
Contexualist – organisations affected by events and actions in the environment. Slide4
Organisational Impacts of I.S ( This can be used in a situation where you explain the impacts of technology in an organisation or issues)
Downsizing
OutsourcingRestructuringRemoving management layersChanging and eliminating work processes
Changed behaviours (e.g. Information sharing)
New modes of working (e.g. ‘virtual’ and home-working, hot-
desking
, mobile working etc.)Slide5
While explaining impacts of technology;
Never forget the diagram and the following;
Influenced by TYPE and Culture of Organisation or part of organisation
e.g. Human Relations, Open Systems, Internal Process or Rational Goal
Influenced by PERSPECTIVE/APPROACH
e.g. Mechanist, Structuralist,
Organicist
or
ContextualistSlide6
Organisations add value by using I.S
PLEASE FOLLOW THE DIAGRAM ON THE NEXT PAGESlide7
Firm Infrastructure
Human Resource Management
Technology Development
Procurement
Marketing
and Sales
Service
Margin
Value Chain (or Value System)
supplies
manuf
shipping
OPERATIONS
Primary Activities
Secondary Activities
Difference between financial
Resource used and Income
(profit or transfer to reserves)Slide8
I.S strategy should be aligned to organisational strategy
Note the diagram Slide9
Strategic Information Alignment
(SIA)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Minimise
Risks
Reduce
Costs
Create New Reality (innovation)
Add Value
Source;
Adapted from
Donald Marchand, (2000)
‘Competing with Information’
Customers willing to pay for value added using information
Information used to help control business risk
Information used to enable decisions that reduce costs
or to increase efficiencies in processes
Information used to help produce innovative products, services and delivery methodsSlide10
While answering evaluating information systems in an organisation please don’t forget this diagram.
Purpose of I.T/I.S evaluation also to be mentioned
We evaluate I.S;
To measure tangible costs and benefits
To endorse success
To investigate failure
To identify good practice
To improve implementation processSlide11
Main Dimensions of IS Success
Use Process
Development and Process
Impact of IS on Organization
Quality of the IS Product
SUCCESS
Information
User
Satisfaction
Process
Product
Costs
BenefitsSlide12
DeLone McLean Model
Net Benefits
System
Quality
Information Quality
Intention
to Use
User
satisfaction
Service
Quality
UseSlide13
Information Systems and Technology can clearly affect the way an organisation is structured (its table of organisation) and the way things are done (processes)
Through ....
automation of existing tasks, improvement of existing tasks, speeding processing and providing better informationSlide14
SOME ADDITIONAL POINTS THAT YOU CAN USE IN VARIOUS ANWERS
Technology helps the flow of information in an organisation.
For example;
The flow of information between individuals – exchange of e-mails.
The flow of information within an organisation – an order of the customer goes to production from the sales department.
The flow of information between organizations – information between suppliers and manufacturers.
The flow of information between individuals and organisations – a special offer from the company being sent to the customer. Slide15
How organisations add value to products/services by using I.S ? Or organisations add value to their products and services through I.S
Organisations use I.S for the exchange of information.
Organisations use I.S for the business processes such as ordering, production, planning or payment.
Organisations use I.S to link internal processes with customers and suppliers.
Some companies sell information as outputs – for example music and videos production companies, financial consultants e.t.c.
Organisations use social networking sites such as MySpace, FaceBook, e.t.c. to capture, create and distribute information among the customers. Slide16
1. Why I.S fail/succeed in some organisations?
( Diagram page 15 of the text book Fig. 1.5)
How stakeholders design an I.S project and how others react to it is important in the success or failure of an I.S in an organisation. Again, the success or failure is depending on th
e threats and opportunities in the external context. For example technological developments, changes in the customer demands, changes in the actions from the competitors.
2.
Any question related to the stakeholders – for example managing the stakeholders is important
Please refer to page 16/17 of the text book.
3. Organisational context of information systems. ( please refer to page 19/20 of the text book) Slide17
4. What are the issues that an organisation face while implementing an I.S? ( TEXT BOOK PAGE 23/24)
What is meant by “learning organisation” – page 24 of the text book
5. While answering question of evaluation of information systems, you can use the table in the page 25 table 1.2 Slide18Slide19Slide20Slide21Slide22