beimportanbeprojectbebene tbebene tprospectsects18correctivemaintenancewhichdealswithcorrectingfaultsinthecodeModi cationsoperationModi cationsspeci cationperformanceModi cationsperiodicproduct ID: 118257
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Hubert,aperbepaperproposebeenspendspercenpercenbeingoperationexpectedmoderatesponsoringprojectject,11,12,13],withtheobjectivimposespeci cation),majorbeprojecttroduce beimportanbeproject,bebene tbebene tprospectsects,18]:correctivemaintenance,whichdealswithcorrectingfaultsinthecodeModi cationsoperationModi cationsspeci cation,performanceModi cationsperiodicproductperiodbeproductmodi cationsberoccurences);modi cationMMMAINTCOSTMODIFFREQ:MMMAINTCOSTMODIFFREQCORFREQADPFREQPERproject,FREQCORproduct,beimposingFREQADPFREQPERbeFREQPERspeci cationFREQADPCOSTMODIFabofocusperformance,bebeimposedproducts.troduce toolsbecomestoosoonbebeproduct,beindependenprocessbeindependencompetentoolsmodeldeladistinctionismadebetKDSIproductRELYDATACPLXproductprocess,personnelprojectprocess-relatedbeproduct,projectsprojectsmodi cationCOSTMODIFbecausedependingmodi cationproductMNTFNC COSTMODIFFNCCOSTMODIFmodi cationFNCMNTFNCbepoinpoinpermodi cationproductpoinfp=MMperformmodi cationMMMD FNCbecode;codeperbermodi cationSIZE=MNTSIZEproductklockloc=MMperformmodi cationMMMDFNCbeproduct;berproductmodi cationproduct),klocproduct)modi cationMMMDmajorproductperiodgoodprocesstroductionprocesincorporateelopers.methodsbeenmethodsexpectedproduct,methodsbeyspeci cproductproductperiod)processtoolsmethodsincorporateproductproductmodi cationproduct.modi cationproductbebeforeproductoperationperiodbeproductbeenbotheloperproductthereof)uponproduct). speci callyproposeproposeexpectproductmodularitdecomposition,documenbetet,22,24,17].AstudybyShepperderd]showedthatmodulesmodulesduleshavedeterminedthatthereisarelationshipbetbodysubjectivexpertsbeingProceduresbee]hasinvestigatedthee ectoftwodi erentclassesofmetricsonmaintainability.Internalcomplexitymetricsarerelatedtothelengthandstructureofmodules;ter-modulardular]isthatacombinedmetric,takingintoaccountbothbestperson-hours.erson-hours.havegoneonestepfurther,proposingprocedure(understoodproceduresubjectivjectiv]andtheempiricalresultsof[21]indicatethatmaintainabilitycouldbee]reportedcode,codebepapererColemanetalproposeddecompositionypographic,berproportionalbetbeingproductsubjectivjectivThesecondmeasureisanestimationoftheAFOTECnumericalevaluationusingfourmetrics:Halstead'sVolume(V),extendedcyclomaticcomplexity(EVG),linesofcodeber2lnEV2lnLOC50sin CMTCoecien betmodelobjectivsubjectivexpertexperiencemodulemoduleDoescompensatesbetmodelsbemodelmodi cationperson-daperson-damodels,bebee],wehaveidenti edanumberpotenbelofocusedprocess:Speci cationspeci cationSpeci -DocumenDocumenCodeberdocumendocumendocumenimportanaspectmodulemodulesassociatedberupperdocu-documenProductproductRELYDATACPLXproductModulemodules.dules.].Onlythenatureofthecouplingbetmodulecode. Modulemodule.dule.].Maintainabilityisexpectedcode.termoduletramoduleduleManystudieshaveshownthatinformation\rowmeasuresofthistypee23].ThismeasureiscomputedonSDDDorsourcecode.berberindepen-code)moduledule].Themorebasicpathsamoduleberer]showsasigni cantcorrelationbetmodule.bermodule.beforemodulemodulebodymoduledule,25]CommentsVolumeofStructuresThetotalnumbermodulebermodule.experimenerimen]showstheimportancemoduleCodebercodemodulebeensubjectgoodmoduledule,21].Documenrespectcode.modulesmodule,expertmodulecode.associatedcomponenspeci cationmodulesdocumenaspectespeciallybeperiodpersonnel.documencodebologyologyItiscomputedbycounting,forasampleofprogramsanddocumenberdocumen Modeldependenproduct(modularitexpectbeproperties;source-codemodelproductcodeobjectoperationsaboutpermodi cationprojects,projectsbetcodecode,elopedlocalproposemodelbeproductproposalproductdependsproduct.modelproposedmodi cationSizeSizecode,de,wewishtotakeintoaccounttheproductductBecauseRELYcannotbeprojects,proposemodelmodi cationCOSTMODIFCPLXSizemodeldelprovidescriteriaforassigningratingstothecomplexityofasoftwarecomponenproceduresproduct.belobetcorresponds AVG COCOMOrating Multiplier 1 verylow 0.70 2 low 0.85 3 nominal 1.00 4 high 1.15 5 veryhigh 1.30 6 extrahigh 1.65 openbeproposeaboCPLXAVGSizemodi cationaboperformCOSTMODIFbepropose.proposalmodi cationdependenbemodi edperformmodi cation.modi cationsoccurbeproductberNSmodi cationbecomes:COSTMODIFAVG NSperformbetterproposalCPLXAVGmodi cation:COSTMODIFAVG NSaboutdependingpoincode,proposecode.MaintLOCAVG NSLOCNSbebebeprojects Actual Estimated Residual Maintainability Maintainability (abs.value) 880.20 1079.37 0.23 3330.00 4278.41 0.28 1837.15 1832.70 0.00 2061.70 3056.67 0.48 8859.82 8043.00 0.09 6431.56 5897.97 0.08 8842.86 8295.50 0.06 3640.00 1835.17 0.49 9222.00 7301.65 0.21 4701.27 3183.87 0.32 837.07 987.14 0.18 4044.73 4929.16 0.22 8943.87 9486.80 0.06 17008.56 20277.48 0.19 1599.07 1502.07 0.06 6638.18 7904.15 0.19 Prospectsbeproductsexpected).becauseperiodspaperproposeproduct,productbebeproduct,doesdependprocess.beproductproduct)processprocedures).product,be poor(toomodi cations)poormodi cationstooproductbecodemodelprojects;products.modeldelSoftwareMaintainability|EvaluationGuide,AFOTECPamphlet800-2(updated),OperationalerationalBoehm,LipoMacLeoddBoehm,ooddBenzecri,J.P.L'AnalysedeDonnees.Tomes1et2.Thirdedition.Paris,France:Dunod.d.Blaine,J.D.andR.A.Kemmerer.ComplexityMeasuresforAssemblyLanguagePrograms,JournalofSystemsandSoftware,5,pp.229-245,(1985).[6]Card,D.N.andW.W.Agresti.MeasuringSoftwareDesignComplexity.JournalofSystemsandSoftware,8(3),pp.185-197,(1988).[7]Coleman,D.,D.Ash,B.Lowther,P.Oman.UsingMetricstoEvaluateSoftwareSystemMaintainability,IEEESoftware,August1994,pp44{49.[8]Davis,J.S.andR.J.LeBlanc.AStudyoftheApplicabilityofComplexityMeasures.IEEETrans.onSoft.Eng.,SE-14(9),pp.1366-1372,(1988).[9]Diday,E.Elementsdel'AnalysedeDonnees.Paris,France:Dunod,d,Frappier,M.,S.MatwinandA.Mili.Maintainability:FactorsandCriteria,SoftwareMetricsStudy,Tech.Memo.1,CanadianSpaceAgency,St-Hubert,ert,Frappier,M.,S.MatwinandA.Mili.SoftwareMetricsforPredictingMaintainability,SoftwareMetricsStudy,Tech.Memo.2,CanadianSpaceAgency,St-Hubert,ert,Frappier,M.,S.MatwinandA.Mili.MaintainabilityandModelBuildingTechniques,SoftwareMetricsStudy,Tech.Memo.3,CanadianSpaceAgency,St-Hubert,ert,Frappier,M.,S.MatwinandA.Mili.AProposalforEvaluationandEstimationofMaintain-ability,SoftwareMetricsStudy,Tech.Memo.4,CanadianSpaceAgency,St-Hubert,ert,Henry,S.Selig,C.,PredictingSource-Code Kafura,D.Reddy,G.R.,TheUseofSoftwareComplexityMetricsinSoftwareMaintenance,IEEETrans.onSoftwareEngineering,vol.SE-13,pp.335-343(1987).[16]Jorgensen,A.H.AMethodologyModi abilitdi abilitLi,W.andS.Henry.ObjectjectLientz,WandB.Swanson.SoftwareMaintenanceManagement.Reading,Ma:AddisonWes-ley,1978.[19]McCabe,e,Myers,G.J.ReliableSoftwareThroughCompositeDesign.NewYork,VanNostrandReinhold,(1975).[21]Rombach,H.D.AControlledExperimenerimenRombach,H.D.DesignMeasurement:SomeLessonsLearned.IEEESoftware,pp17-25(1990).[23]Shepperd,ExperimenerimenWake,S.andS.Henry.AModeldelWood eld,Modularization