Bacteria DHO Chapter 14 Bacteria facts - PowerPoint Presentation

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Bacteria

DHO Chapter 14

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Bacteria facts

Simple, one-celled organisms

Multiply rapidly

Killed by antibiotics

Some have become antibiotic resistant

Classified by shape & arrangement

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Shapes of Bacteria

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Bacteria Classes

Cocci

=round or spherical

diplococci=cocci in pairs

streptococci=cocci in chains

staphylococci=cocci in clusters

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Bacteria Classes

Bacilli

=rod-shaped

can occur singly, in pairs, or in chains

can have flagella (thread-like projections similar to tails & allow for movement)

can form spores (thick-walled capsules) which makes them hard to kill

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Bacteria Classes

Spirilla

=spiral or corkscrew

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Types of Bacterial Infections

Boils

Botulism

Cholera

Diptheria

Gonorrhea

Meningitis

MRSA

Pertussis

Pneumonia

Rheumatic Fever

Strep Throat

Syphilis

Tetanus

Toxic Shock

Tuberculosis

Typhoid

UTI

Wound Infections

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Boils-caused by ingrown hair or foreign object;

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Treatment(tx

):

warm compress or drain

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Botulism-

caused by the most potent/lethal

neruotoxoin

produced by Clostridium

botulinum

;

~

commonly

found in soil all over the

world

~anaerobic

~gram

-positive rod-shaped bacteria that form spores that allow the bacteria to survive in a dormant state until exposed to conditions that can support growth

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Honey can contain botulism spores and should not be fed to

babies less than 1 year of age.

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Cholera

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Diphtheria-

spread by infected saliva droplets

DTaP

Vaccine-diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis

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Gonorrhea-

curable sexually transmitted disease

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Meningitis~

Inflammation

of the membranes (meninges) s

urrounding

your brain

&

spinal

cord

~swelling

from meningitis

~

symptoms

such as headache,

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Signs/Symptoms at least 2yrs old include

:

~Mimic

the

flu-

fever and a stiff neck.

~

Most

cases of meningitis in the U.S. are caused by a viral infection, but bacterial and fungal infections are other

causes

Sudden

high fever

Stiff

neck

Severe

headache

Headache with nausea or vomiting Confusion or difficulty concentrating Seizures Sleepiness or difficulty waking Sensitivity to light No appetite or thirst Skin rash (sometimes, such as in meningococcal meningitis)

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Common bacteria or viruses that can cause meningitis can spread through coughing, sneezing, kissing, or sharing eating utensils, a toothbrush or a cigarette.

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Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus

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Pertussis

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Pneumonia

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Rheumatic

fever-

complications after Strep throat

by

bacteria

-group

A

Symptoms

-- fever, muscle aches, swollen and painful joints,

a

red, lattice-like

rash -- typically begin two to four weeks after a bout of strep.

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Strep throat

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Syphilis

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Tetanus-

bacterial disease that

affects nervous system:

leading to painful muscle contractions, particularly of your jaw

&

neck

muscles

~Can

interfere with your ability to breathe and can threaten your

life

Tetanus is commonly

known

as "lockjaw."

tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (

Tdap

) vaccine

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Spores of the bacteria that cause tetanus, Clostridium

tetani

, are found in soil, dust and animal feces. When they enter a deep flesh wound, spores grow into bacteria that can produce a powerful toxin,

tetanospasmin

, which impairs the nerves that control your muscles (motor neurons). The toxin can cause muscle stiffness and spasms — the major signs of tetanus.

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Toxic Shock

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Tuberculosis

-

bacteria

that cause

tuberculosis

are spread

from

one person to

another

through

tiny

droplets released

into the air

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Typhoid-

Bacterium

that causes it lives in the bloodstream and intestines and is only spread by humans, via water or

feces









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Urinary tract infection

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Wound infections