Engelsina became a minor celebrity but her parents werent so lucky Her father disappeared and when her mother protested she was sent into exile where she died However when Stalin himself ID: 747395
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Slide1
Engelsina
Cheskova
famously gave Stalin a bunch of flowers unannounced at a party meeting in 1936. Stalin was so taken aback he ordered posters, paintings and statues to commemorate this act.
Engelsina
became a minor celebrity, but her parents weren’t so lucky. Her father ‘disappeared’ and when her mother protested she was sent into exile where she died. However, when Stalin himself
died
Engelsina
cried profusely for the loss of her beloved leader. Why did Russians feel this way?Slide2
© The Daily Mail
At the end of 1934 Stalin launched a wave of political terror that claimed a million lives and resulted in 12 million people being sent to forced labour camps.Slide3
The Terror Begins: Stalin and Yagoda, 1934-1936
Learning Objective:
- To understand and evaluate the causes of The Great Terror
Starter (5 mins):Write a definition for the following : Use Bunce p68-9TotalitarianismPolitical terrorPurgeSlide4
The Congress of Victors 1934
The Communist Party Congress was designed as a to celebrate the achievements of Stalin’s industrial policy
Stalin was greeted with a standing ovation after his speech and called a ‘genius’ by Zinoviev, Kamenev and Bukharin
At the final vote of the conference, which was held to re-elect the central committee, a quarter of delegates voted against StalinStalin became deeply suspicious of all the delegates who had been at the conference.Over the nest three years, 1,000 of the 1,200 delegates had been executed.The Congress became known as the
Congress of the DamnedSlide5
Cause of the Great Terror
Specific Examples/Evidence
Explanation
- how exactly did this cause the Great Terror?
Congress of Victors
Paranoia
Terror economics
The murder of Kirov
Do not complete this section until you have completed the Kirov Murder Mystery activity. Slide6
The Kirov Murder Mystery
Learning
Objectives:
To evaluate the evidence and to decide who was responsible for the murderWhat impact did the Kirov murder have on the Soviet Union?Slide7
The Kirov Murder MysteryThe murder of Sergei Kirov is one of the great mysteries of Russian history in the 1930s.
Robert Conquest argues in
The Great Terror: A Reassessment
(1990, p. 37) that it was a turning point in history, which not only unleashed a terror that killed millions but also determined the future of Soviet Russia. But it was a strange mystery because we know who the murderer was. But what were the motives for the murder and who, if anybody, arranged it?Slide8
Sergei Kirov (1886-1934)Born into a lower middle-class family, Kirov lost his parents early. He trained as a
mechanic
, where he met activists from a nearby university.
He played an active part in the 1917 Revolution and in the Civil War as head of the Military Revolutionary Committee in Astrakhan. In 1921 he became Secretary of the Azerbaijan Central Committee and in 1923 a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU.Kirov replaced Zinoviev as Party Secretary in Leningrad after he was ousted by Stalin. He was a powerful, popular and excellent orator but opposed Stalin’s policies on forced collectivisation.Slide9
Work in pairs. Use the clues to fill in your investigation sheet.Work in pairs to examine the sources and the clues.
Then you must come up with a hypothesis for the key question –
‘What impact did the Kirov murder have on the Soviet Union?’
The Kirov Murder MysterySlide10
The murder of KirovKirov’s death provided Stalin with an excuse to use political terror against the Communist party
Stalin ordered the swift execution of many opponents.
Stalin called on all party members to root out ‘Trotskyites’
Stalin appointed Yagoda as head of the NKVD. He investigated the murder of Kirov and the interrogation of Kamenev and Zinoviev.
Yagoda
Not to be confused with ….Slide11
Plenary: PEE ParagraphsTask instructions: Bunce p72Each
person does a different factor
Write a PEE paragraph on one piece of sugar paper
Point – A direct answer to ‘What caused Stalin’s Great Terror?’Evidence – At least three specific examples that support the pointExplanation – Explain why that factor caused the Great TerrorSlide12
Read this:
Partly inspired by
O
rwell’s knowledge of the terroristic practices of Stalin’s Russia, 1984 is one of the best known fictional examples of a totalitarian regime.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4rBDUJTnNU Film TrailerSlide13
Card sort: see word document- intro to purges sorting activity
Sort the cards you have been given with your group into the following piles:
Definitions of the purges
The Stalin constitution of 1936
The Seventeenth Party Congress
Opposition to Stalin before 1934