Battles in the Pacific US History Unit 5 Directions DONT take Cornell Notes Instead fill out the graphic organizer Battles in the Pacific while you view the PowerPoint The Battle of the Coral ID: 525468
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Events and Ideas #8Battles in the Pacific
U.S. HistoryUnit 5Slide2
Essential QuestionsWhat were some of the biggest challenges facing the US and the Japanese while battling in the Pacific Theater? What were the advantages that the US gained through the different islands they conquered?Who had the most casualties? Why?Slide3Slide4Slide5
The Battle of the Coral SeaMay 8th, 1942The first of the Pacific War's six fights between opposing aircraft carrier forces Japanese planned to invade New Guinea and knock Australia out of the war
First carrier vs. carrier battle in history – both air attacks occurred at the same time approx. 200 miles apartSlide6Slide7
The Battle of the Coral SeaThe battle ended in a draw It was a turning point because it was the first time the Allies stopped the Japanese advance.It gave the U.S. an advantage in the battle to come a month later at Midway
It is known throughout Australia as “The Battle for Australia”
The USS Lexington aircraft carrier
before and afterSlide8
Battle of Coral Sea LossesUnited States and Australia1 fleet carrier scuttled
1 destroyer sunk1 oiler sunk1 fleet carrier damaged69 aircraft destroyed656 killed
Japanese
1
light carrier
sunk
1 destroyer
sunk
3 small warships
sunk
1 fleet carrier
damaged
1 destroyer
damaged
2 smaller warships
damaged
1 transport
damaged
92
aircraft
destroyed.
966 killedSlide9
The Battle of MidwayJune 3, 1942 – June 7, 1942
U.S. code breakers had cracked the Japanese code and learned of their plan to attack Midway Island6 months after Japans attack on Pearl Harbor and 1 month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, U.S. Admiral Nimitz sends part of his damaged Pacific Fleet to Midway to ambush the Japanese
Midway Island
HawaiiSlide10
The Battle of MidwayThe U.S. ambushed the Japanese attack and counterattacked inflicting heavy damage on their NavyIn one day the U.S. forces destroyed 4 major Japanese carriersMidway was a major turning point in the war in the Pacific
A sinking Japanese cruiser
at the battle
of MidwaySlide11
Battle of Midway LossesUnited States and Australia
1 carrier sunk1 destroyer sunk150 aircraft destroyed307 killedJapanese
4 carriers
sunk
1
heavy cruiser
sunk
1
heavy cruiser damaged
248 aircraft destroyed.
3,057 killedSlide12
Guadalcanal and Attu IslandSlide13
Aleutian Islands CampaignPart of Alaska
territoryJune 1942 to Aug 1943Japanese force occupied islands of Attu and KiskaStrategic value was the ability to control the Pacific routes and protect the West Coast of the U.S.Known as the “forgotten battle”
American troops hauling supplies on
Attu. Their
vehicles could not move across the island's rugged terrain.Slide14
Aleutian Islands LossesUnited States and Canada3 Navy vessels sunk
225 aircraft destroyed1481 killed640 missingJapanese
7 warships
sunk
4,350 killedSlide15
Guadalcanal Campaign August 1942 – Feb. 1943
The beginning of the Island Hopping campaignGuadalcanal signals Macarthur’s return to the Pacific TheaterWas the first major land offensive launched against the Empire of Japan
Marines taking a break
at
GuadalcanalSlide16
GuadalcanalFirst step in denying Japan use of specific Pacific Islands
Heavy losses on both sidesThe defeat at Guadalcanal marked the beginning of the retreat of the Japanese
Guadalcanal invasion planSlide17
Battle of Guadalcanal LossesUnited States, Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Tonga, Fiji
60,000 ground forces29 ships sunk615 aircraft destroyed7,100 killed4 captured
Japanese
31,000 ground forces
38 ships sunk
683 aircraft destroyed.
31,000 killed
1,000 capturedSlide18
Battle of Iwo JimaFebruary 19, 1945 – March 26, 1945Attacked to give American bombers a refueling stop in
route to JapanExtremely rugged island, but its location made it necessary to capture60,000 Marines invaded on Feb. 19, 1945
US Marines suffered heavy losses in the Iwo Jima invasionSlide19Slide20Slide21
Attack on Iwo JimaThe Japanese defended the island with great intensity
Ultimately after 36 days, U.S. forces captured the island but at a high costU.S. wounded = 19,217U.S. deaths = 6,812
Japanese deaths =18,844
The first raising of the Flag on Iwo JimaSlide22
A diagram of the photograph indicating the six men who raised the second flag: Ira Hayes, Franklin Sousley (†), Michael Strank (†), John Bradley, Rene Gagnon, and Harlon Block (†)."†" = killed on Iwo JimaSlide23
Battle of OkinawaApril 1, 1945 – June 22, 1945Final island in “island hopping” – just 350 miles
away from mainland JapanApril 1, 1945 invasion beginsJapanese forces surrendered the coast and moved to the highlandsOkinawa was needed for Operation Downfall to succeedSlide24Slide25
Battle of OkinawaAllies:Great BritainCanadaAustralianNew Zealandhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3Lbv0K8gCs Slide26
Invasion of OkinawaOver 100,000 Japanese troops were killed, and 7,000 were captured The Allies suffered more than 12,000 deaths
and 38,000 were woundedJune 22, 1945 U.S. forces secure and capture the island
American forces hit the beachesSlide27
Essential QuestionsWhat were some of the biggest challenges facing the US and the Japanese while battling in the Pacific Theater? What were the advantages that the US gained through the different islands they conquered?Who had the most casualties? Why?