MULTI-FUNCTIONALITY OF THE IFUGAO RICE TERRACES - PDF document

MULTI-FUNCTIONALITY OF THE IFUGAO RICE TERRACES Rogelio N. ConcepcionProject LeaderDirector, Bureau of Soils and Water Management Multi-functionality of the IfugaoRice Terraces Phase 1. Country paper for the ASEAN-Japan Multi-Functionality of in ASEAN Countries Phase 1: April 2001 –November 2003 Phase II: December 2003 –March 2006Funding Source –MAF, Japan Multi-functionality of the IfugaoRice Terraces importance of multi-functionality through appreciation on the contributionon multi-functionality to the ASEAN long term policy making Multi-functionality of the IfugaoRice Terraces Operational Framework of Multi-functionalityGroentfledt, 2003 Multi-functionality concept was 1992 Earth Summitin Rio De Janeiro in the context ofdiscussion of contribution of agriculture to environmentallySustainable Development. Matsumoto, 2002 , whereas, the farmers but the general public as well. Agriculture (Non-marketable goods/Non-tangible Services) Food and Fiber ProductionMarketable Goods) Public at largeIncluding farmers Farmers BenefitsFood Security Multi-functionality of Agriculture (adopted from Matsumoto, 2002) The broad concept of multi-functionality of agriculture is stipulated in the Declaration of Policy under Section 2 of “The state shall adopt a market approachin assisting the while recognizing the of the said sectors to food security, environmental protection, and balanced urban and rural consumers, especially the lower income groups.” The Pilot Site for Phase 1• TINOCASIPOLOKIANGANHUNGDUANHINGYONLAGAWEMAYAOYAOAGUINALDOALFONSOLISTABANAUELAMUT PROVINCE OF IFUGAO - Provincial Boundary- Municipal Boundary- Road- River / Creek CONVENTIONAL SIGNS N Magat Reservoir Location of Rice Terraces SULU SEACELEBES SEASOUTH CHINA SEAPHLIPPINE SEALUZONVISAYASMINDANAO REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINESLOCATION MAP IFUGAO 121??30`121??15`121??00`16??35`16??50`17??05`L E G E N D AREA (Ha4,751.751,301.002,301.001,326.75426.751,475.75577.0027.737.597.742.498.613.3717,138100.00 MUNICIPALITYBanawe AguinaldoMayaoyaoLagaweLamutAsipoloTinocHungduanHingyonKianganT O T A L .....1,600.752,651.75725.509.34 MagatDam Ifugaohave followed the contours of the mountain. In 1996, the UNESCO in declaring the the Ifugao’sexceptional achievements as Categories of Multi-functionalities, Defined 1.Economic function Pure Economic Function (Non-multi-functionality, Monetary Pure economic function of agriculture is the classical and historical function of agriculture in economic growth such as Additional Economic Functions (Multi-functionality,Non-In addition to this pure economic function,agriculture alsoprovides the people living in the rural area with economic and additional functions contribute to the rural development well balanced with urban area healthy growth of rural communities , which are important factors in the sustainability of a nation’s overall development 2.Environmental Functionrming, provides a variety of , water retention , soil conservation and biodiversity the time of heavy rain, and gradually discharge the wate 3.Food Security FunctionFood security is understood as access to food (at all times, everywhere, and by everyone) and to be substantially dependent on domestic population in combination with an adequate supply In this connection, national agricultural sectors have two (i) domestic food supply of some agricultural Some of the food security effects resulting from domestic agricultural production may be expressed through , but others are externalities or public goodsexample, the insurance effect of a certain level of self-sufficiencyor the provision of national strategic needs (food safety and 4.Social Functions mainly through the creation of employment opportunities and income, which permit farming populations to stay on the land and participate in the economic and Mitigation of urbanization If the life in rural areas is attractive for both rural and urban people, it can also help maintain its rural character. When a serious economic crisis occurs, it is often said that an agricultural sector absorbs excessive labor force in urban areas, and thus it mitigate the formation of the slum and decrease the crime rate in urban Agriculture plays a role of a buffer, safety net, or economic when a society faces economic recession or exogenous financial shocks. This socially stabilizing role of 5.Cultural Function and traditional cultural heritage . They are often used for tourism attraction and provide rural commFurthermore, they play an important role to enhance the quality of life for those who live in rural areas. Study MethodsData and data CollectionAnalytical Methods Actual commissioned study. Secondary sources (CECAP)households, urban-rural employment, Social FunctionEvapo-transpiration estimate, Installed Water Conservation Study methods destimnaitonareas within the study Rice Production and Gross 1.Economic Function (tangible, 2.Non-economic, non-tangible Replacement Cost Method (RCM)1.Environmental functions 2.Social functions3.Food Security4.Cultural functions (rural production rituals)Multi-functionality Analyzed Summary of Results Quantitative Values of Multi-functionality of the IfugaoRice Terraces Urban Rural-Urban Employment of employment during the last 15 years 4.12000Unemployment (%)6.26.819904.55.1199573.7200069.572.053.8199578.378.762.51990Labor force participation (%) Rural-Urban employmentSocial Function Indicate declining capacity of agriculture to absorb labor over the last decade Urban Household Result of Self Sufficiency Ratio analysis for Food Insecurity The SR suggest that the rice terrace can support the total rice requirements of the communities, including seed requirements. The surplus provided by the 6 municipalities is more than enough to cover the deficit of 3 other municipalities. Stabilization of Communities Quality of LifeLifestyles Public At Large Sustaining Added Economic Function 1.33 rural householdRural Community Ifugao Summary of the Multi-functionality Valuation Indigenous Ifugao Multi-functionalities Estimated Monetary Values Environmental Functions Soil Conservation PhP316.7 M Soil Nutrient ConservationPhP7.6 MPhP36.0 M50,000 visitors/year Cultural Function Rural amenities – Beautiful Appreciation Future Plans for Action –Phase 2To undertake quantitative agriculture and its support natural The study on Multi-functionality can be an important tool for Sustainable Land Use Formulation and in establishing the quantitative and qualitative synergy relationships of the various UN Conventions such as Biodiversity, Climate Change and Desertification and Land Degradation and offer as well the quantitative response to Agenda 21 of the United Nations and MilleniumDevelopment GoalsThe IfugaoRice Terraces, aside for its capacity to supply basic rice requirements, provided a variety of important environmental services an rural amenities worth at least $8.51 million, and the aggregated value of products where farmers are direct recipient, with estimated monetary value of $5.04 The IfugaoRice Terraces for more than 2000 years was able to contribute to the maintenance of a viable rural development. For instance the IRT has been a stable source of rural The estimate rural amenities attributed to the Rice Terraces is $5.75 m/yr. In farming, likewise, ensured the preservation and transmission of their The Rice Terraces was able to provide safety nets to the rural population and mitigate rapid urbanization that would have seriously affected the overall protection and conservation of the There are good indications that local residents and tourists as well are willing to pay for the conservation and protection of the IfugaoRice Terraces. Thank you!!!