DB00107 Category Oxytocics and Anti tocolytic Agents and Labor Induction Agents Use To assist in labor elective labor induction uterine contraction induction in humans and other mammals ID: 776641
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Slide1
Oxytocin (Approved drug)DB00107
Category : Oxytocics and Anti-tocolytic Agents and Labor Induction Agents.Use : To assist in labor, elective labor induction, uterine contraction induction in humans and other mammals.Target : Oxytocin receptor,Oxytocin-neurophysin 1Half life : 1-6 min Description : Synthetic 9 residue cyclic peptide. The hormone is prepared synthetically to avoid possible contamination with vasopressin (ADH) and other small polypeptides with biologic activity.Pharmacodynamics : Used to induce labor or to enhance uterine contractions during labor. Uterine motility depends on the formation of the contractile protein actomyosin under the influence of the Ca2+-dependent phosphorylating enzyme myosin light-chain kinase. Oxytocin promotes contractions by increasing the intracellular Ca2+, which in turn activates myosins light chain kinase.. Oxytocin has specific receptors in the muscle llining of the uterus and the receptor concentration increases greatly during pregnancy, reaching a maximum in early labor at term.
Slide2Mode of action : Binds the oxytocin receptor which leads to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. The oxytocin-oxytocin receptor system plays an important role as an inducer of uterine contractions during parturition and of milk ejection.Metabolism : Hepatic oxytocinasesRoute of elimination : Biliary and renalSequence : CYIQNCPLG
Slide3Brands :
BAM
Biotech’s Oxytocin
Parke
-Davis and Pitocin Sandoz’s
Syntocinon
Pitocin
Pitocin
is a
nonapeptide
. It is standardized to contain 10 units of oxytocic hormone/mL and 0.5% of
chorobutanol
(a chloroform derivative) as a preservative.
Chemical formula :
C
43
H
66
N
12
O
12
S
2
Molecular weight
:
1007.19
State :
Liquid
Dosage :
Solution (IV infusion
)
Drug interactions :
Sever hypertension has been reported when oxytocin was given three to four hours following prophylactic administration of a vasoconstrictor in conjunction with caudal block
anesthesia
.
Slide4Contraindications :
1
. Where there is significant
cephalopelvic
disproportion [baby’s head to big for mother’s pelvis]
2
. In
unfavorable
fetal
positions or presentation, such as transverse lies, which are undeliverable without conversion prior to delivery
3
. In obstetric emergencies where the benefit-to-risk ration for either the
fetu
or the mother
favors
surgical intervention
4
. In
fetal
distress were delivery is not imminent
5
. Where adequate uterine activity fails to achieve satisfactory progress
6
. Where the uterus is already hyperactive or hypertonic
7
. In cases where vaginal delivery is contraindicated such as invasive cervical carcinoma, active herpes
genitalis
, total placenta
previa
, vasa
previa
and cord presentation or prolapse of the cord
8
. In patients with hypersensitivity to the drug.
Slide5General reference :
Kosfeld
M,
Heinrichs
M, Zak PJ,
Fischbacher
U, Fehr E: Oxytocin increases trust in humans. Nature. 2005 Jun 2;435(7042):673-6. "
Pubmed
":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15931222#
Takayanagi
Y, Yoshida M,
Bielsky
IF, Ross HE,
Kawamata
M,
Onaka
T, Yanagisawa T, Kimura T,
Matzuk
MM, Young LJ,
Nishimori
K: Pervasive social deficits, but normal parturition, in oxytocin receptor-deficient mice.
Proc
Natl
Acad
Sci
U S A. 2005 Nov 1;102(44):16096-101.
Epub
2005 Oct 25. "
Pubmed
":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16249339# Carmichael MS,
Humbert
R,
Dixen
J,
Palmisano
G, Greenleaf W, Davidson JM: Plasma oxytocin increases in the human sexual response. J
Clin
Endocrinol
Metab
. 1987 Jan;64(1):27-31. "
Pubmed
":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3782434#
Paquin
J,
Danalache
BA, Jankowski M, McCann SM,
Gutkowska
J: Oxytocin induces differentiation of P19 embryonic stem cells to
cardiomyocytes
.
Proc
Natl
Acad
Sci
U S A. 2002 Jul 9;99(14):9550-5.
Epub
2002 Jul 1. "
Pubmed
":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12093924# Jankowski M,
Danalache
B, Wang D,
Bhat
P,
Hajjar
F,
Marcinkiewicz
M,
Paquin
J, McCann SM,
Gutkowska
J: Oxytocin in cardiac ontogeny.
Proc
Natl
Acad
Sci
U S A. 2004 Aug 31;101(35):13074-9.
Epub
2004 Aug 17. "
Pubmed
":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15316117