Group 2 Jomah Fangonilo Shawn Hughes Shawn Sickel Antony Stabile Dr Vikram Kapoor Dr Kalpathy Sundaram High Temperature Semiconductor Testing System Jomah Fangonilo Specifically to add additional testing capabilities to the existing lab setup ID: 253202
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Slide1
Semiconductor Test Laboratory Improvements for High Temperature, Low Temperature, and High Frequency with Electronically Switchable Load
Group 2Jomah FangoniloShawn HughesShawn SickelAntony Stabile
Dr.
Vikram
Kapoor
Dr.
Kalpathy
SundaramSlide2
High Temperature Semiconductor Testing System
Jomah FangoniloSlide3
Specifically – to add additional testing capabilities to the existing lab setup
Current setup only allows for tests under room temperatureIn general – many applications exist in the fields of environmental testing, performance improvement, failure analysisMotivationSlide4
To implement a user-friendly high temperature test system similar to the existing room temperature system.
Main RequirementsCapable of testing devices up to 250° CAccuracy of ±1.5° CDerived RequirementsPowered by 120 VAC 50/60 HzController output ≤ 5ASurface measurements ≤ 1.5” x 1.5”
Objectives and RequirementsSlide5
System Block DiagramSlide6
Chromalox
A-10 Disc Heater
Outside Diameter
Inside Diameter
Thickness
Volts
Watts
Watts per Sq. In.
Approx. Net Wt.
3"
0.875"
0.25"
120
300
18
0.3 lb
1.5” x 1.5”)Slide7
100-240 VAC
5A load max3-wire Pt100 RTD or ThermocouplePID controlRamp/SoakFree softwareRS485
28,400 baud max
Cost efficient
CN7533 Controller (
Relay)Slide8Slide9Slide10
Speco RS232 to RS485 Converter
DB9 female connector for RS232 to two wire Terminal Block for RS485 Auto switching baud rate, speed up to 115,200 baud over a distance of 3,900 ft.Two wire, different signals, half duplex Passive operationUnits connected together in RS-485
multidrop
operation
RoHS
compliant.
$30.80Slide11
100 Ohm Thin Film DIN Platinum Class “B” (±0.12 Ohms, ±0.30°C at 0°C) Accuracy Standard
±1.5° C at 250°Silicone Adhesive rated to 260°C (500°F)Temperature Range; -73C to 260°C Continuous, 290°C (554°F) Short Term Operation When Installed with OMEGABOND Air Set CementsSold in Convenient 3-Packs ($95)Relatively low cost compared to other RTD and thermocouple options
Omega SA1-RTD-B Slide12
Test Results
High Temperature Test Results
300 µA
200 µA
100 µA
0 µA
0 V
1 V
2 V
3 V
4 V
5 V
25° C
50° C
100° C
150° C
200° CSlide13
Chromalox
A-10 Disc Heater
$0
CN7533 Controller
$97
CN7533 Controller Software
$0
Speco
RS232 to RS485 Converter
$30.80
Omega SA1-RTD-B (3-pack)
$95
Male-Male BNC Connectors
$9.55
Miscellaeous
(Wires, terminals,
etc
)
$10 Total$242 BudgetSlide14
Cryogenic Testing System
Sean HughesSlide15
Two different theories of when this temperature reached.Most scientists agree that when scale refrigeration ends, cryogenic temperatures begin, which happen at -240 °F ( -150
°C or 123 K)The National Institute of Standards and Technology at Boulder, Colorado have chosen this point to occur at -180 °C (93.15 K) because the boiling point of gases (such as He, H, O, N) lie below 93 K and Freon refrigerants have a boiling point above 93 K.
What Temperature is Considered Cryogenic?Slide16
Industries often tests devices at Extreme Temperatures
Largely due to environmental conditionsElectronics operate at increased rates at low temperaturesMOSFETsIncreased gain and speed at lower input voltagesLess Current LeakageSemiconductors Characteristics Change at Extreme LowsFreeze-Out – Silicon in the MOSFET begins to break down and there will no longer be a connection between the gate and the other components of the device and can happen at 80K
Reason for Testing at Low TemperaturesSlide17
CTI-Model 22 Refrigerator with Janis Research Co. Cold HeadCTI-Cryogenic 8001 Controller and 8300 Compressor
Polyscience 6706 Recirculating ChillerGE Vacuum PumpTemperature ControllerMain Components of Cryogenic Test SystemSlide18
CTI-Model 22 Refrigerator or
Cold HeadCold Head – Houses Semiconductor device, or any other packaged device being tested. Provides a environment capable of temperatures between
10K
– 20K.
Device is wired to the platform via copper probes to connect to external testing equipment.
4145B
Semicond
. Parameter Analyzer
4142A Impedance Analyzer
577 Curve TracerSlide19
8001 Controller / 8300 Compressor
The 8001 Controller basically acts as a power supply, providing 208V/220V, 30A, 1-Phase to the 8300 Compressor and the Cold Head. NEMA: L6-15R electrical supply.
The 8300 Compressor provides 99.999% pure compressed Helium
Helium is mixed with oil to raise its specific heat during compression
Oil impurities are filtered from High pressure helium
Pure helium is delivered to the Cold Head, then returns to the compressor
During the process of compressing helium, heat is generated which is removed by cooling water from ChillerSlide20
PS 6705 Recirculating Chiller
2 gallon capacity cooling water (tap)
Cooling water cycles through the 8300 Compressor, dissipating excess heat
Water into compressor: ~70°F
Water out: ~80°F
~1.67kW of energy removed
Accomplished by fans passing air over aluminum fins.
208/220V 20A, 1-phase NEMA:6-30PSlide21
Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide [
ZnO:Al
]
Tested resistivity at temperatures ranging from ~300K down to 60K, samples proved to have poor thermal stability
at low temperatures
Temperature (K)
Mega
Ohms (M
Ω
)
300
3.906
200
15.944
130
26.971
117
30.010
10040.72160119.557<60ErrorSlide22
High Thermal Stability Maintained resistance when testing samples from 300K down to 20K
Resistance ranged from 54.211Ω at 300K to 57.747 Ω at 20KIndium Tin Oxide (ITO)Slide23
General JFET (2N7000)
2N7000 is an N-Channel enhancement mode FET
Testing at low temperatures show an improvement in performance.
Vgs
stepped from 3V to 10V
Room Temperature 300K
Low Temperature 80KSlide24
N-Channel MOSFET
Increase in Drain Current with the same Gate Voltage applied, leading to an increase in
transconductance
from 300K (pictured left) to 50K (pictured right)
Room Temperature 300K
Low Temperature 50KSlide25
High Frequency Testing System
Shawn SickelSlide26
Goals:Complete interface to Data
Acquisition SystemExport the data in a compatible format for further analysis in Advanced Design Systems (ADS)Specification:Read High Frequency Response within the range of 130 MHz to 18 GHzSlide27
HP 8720B Vector Network AnalyzerSlide28
Block diagramSlide29
Specifications of VNA
20+ years oldRF range of 130 MHz to 20 GHzIncident power level from -10 to -65 dBmDynamic range of 85 dBNeeds to be calibrated before each useSlide30
RF Devices
Power Splitter / Combiner
High
Pass
Filter
Microwave Transistor AmplifierSlide31
S-Parameters
Definition: The characteristics of the electrical behavior of a device or change in medium
Used to find the relationship between incident and reflected power waves, and the distribution or splitting of power
Important for device operation
Slide32
Analysis
Logarithmic MagnitudePhaseTime DelaySmith ChartPolarLinear MagnitudeRealSWRSlide33
Interface hardware/software
Hardware: Agilent GPIB/USB InterfaceSoftware: Agilent I/O Suite 15.0Slide34
Data Acquisition Software
Developed from scratch in visual basicUsed to operate the instrument as well as gather dataSlide35
Calibration Menu and OptionsSlide36
Calibration Menu ContinuedSlide37
Acquire Data MenuSlide38
Acquire Data Menu ContinuedSlide39
Power Splitter Results
From Device Datasheet:
1 GHz -6.03 dB
2 GHz -5.95 dB
3 GHz -6.12 dB
From Acquired Data:
1 GHz -6.104 dB
2 GHz -6.311 dB
3 GHz -6.406 dBSlide40
ADS Analysis
Using exported .s2p file
DatasheetSlide41
Microwave Transistor Amplifier Results
Data from UCF RF & Antennas Lab:S211 GHz 17.125 dB
From Acquired Data:
S21
1 GHz 17.172 dBSlide42
Microwave Transistor Amplifier Results ContinuedSlide43
Importance
UCF’s High Frequency Testing labs require approval and Graduate Student Assistant accompanimentSlide44
Electronically Switchable Load
Antony StabileSlide45
Must be portably poweredAssembled on a printed circuit board
Must contain a load indicatorStable switchable interfaceMinimal CostDesign GoalsSlide46
Must switch between at least four loads50 ohm matched impedance
Cut-off frequency greater than 2 GHzCoaxial connection to connect to spectrum analyzerDesign SpecificationSlide47
Design ComponentsSlide48
CMOS switchesHigh attenuation about ~300 MHzInductive Relay
High power drawMEMS RelayNewest technology, high costDecision – Omron G6Z MEMS relayAnalog MultiplexerSlide49
Need for stabilitySwitch must be debounced
RC circuitLow qualityRC circuit with a Schmitt triggerMid-range qualityIntegrated Circuit SolutionHighest quality, high costDecision – RC circuit with Schmitt trigger
Push Button InterfaceSlide50
Modulo 4 counterDesigned with CMOS logic
State Transition CircuitSlide51
LED indicatorsSimplest designShow physical location of active
loadRequires a demux/decoderSeven Segment DisplayShows load number, which may be referencedDesigned from CMOS logicDecision – In order to minimize the size of the board, only the seven segment display will be implemented.
LED DisplaySlide52
Schematic of Seven Segment Display
Input select lines come from state transition circuit.
Output lines go to inputs of a seven segment display.Slide53
Logic Gates and Relays require 5V supplyPower Supply must be stable, since the voltage applied affects relay attenuation.
LM2575 Voltage regulatorRequires input voltage greater than 7.5VProvides steady output of 5VDecision – LM2575 Voltage regulator with 9V battery
Power SupplySlide54
Microstrips are printed directly onto the board.Used to transmit between various relays/coaxial connectors
Board must have a high dielectric strength to avoid signal attenuation.FR-4Rogers RO4003Decision – PCB with FR-4 DielectricPrinted Circuit BoardSlide55
Parts and Cost Summary
Item
Unit Price
Quantity
Cost
G6Z-1PE High-Frequency Relay
$6.15
6
$36.90
LM2575 5V Voltage Regulator
$3.26
1
$3.26
4584 Hex Schmitt Trigger
$0.71
1
$0.71
4070 Quad XOR Gate
$0.771$0.774071 Quad 2-input OR gate$0.511$0.514081 Quad 2-input AND gate$0.501$0.504013 Dual D-type flip-flop$0.511$0.51Inductor, 330 uH$1.331$1.331N5819 Shottky Barrier Rectifier$0.541$0.54SMA Female Coaxial Connectors$3.1910$31.90Seven-Segment Display$3.241$3.24PCB Pushbutton Switch$1.361$1.36
Printed Circuit Board
$33.00
1
$33.00
Total Cost:
$114.53