Dive Against Debris - PowerPoint Presentation

Dive Against DebrisSurvey Lesson Guides A Survey of Underwater Marine Debris For Scuba Divers This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ 07/2014 Version 2.1

We’ll talk about . . .The Damage DoneWhat is This Marine Debris Stuff?Where Does it Come From?Can We Fix This Mess? Dive Against Debris - Dive For ChangeCreated Just For DiversSECTION 1: The Messy Problem of Marine Debris Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 2 Welcome SECTION 1 Marine Debris The marine debris problem and how divers can help fix the mess

We’ll talk about . . .Long-term Surveys Give the Best ResultsChoose Your Survey SiteSurvey Dive ProfilesGearTake Pictures to Tell the Story Things to Leave BehindSECTION 2: Time to Dive Against Debris Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 3 Welcome SECTION 2 Dive Time Plan your dive – dive your plan

We’ll talk about . . .Step 1: WeighStep 2: SortStep 3: RecordStep 4: DisposeStep 5: Report SECTION 3: Make Your Survey Count Dive Against Debris Survey Guide4 Welcome SECTION 3 Report Data Reporting your data

We’ll talk about . . .Some Final Dive Against Debris ThoughtsJoin the Project AWARE Movement SECTION 4: Now It’s Your Turn!Welcome Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 5 SECTION 4 Your Turn! Join AWARE divers around the world tackling marine debris

The Messy Problem of Marine DebrisSECTION 1:

Marine Debris - The Damage DoneTens of 1000s of marine animals and seabirds die every year663 marine species affected All sea turtle speciesNearly half of all marine mammal species20% of all seabird speciesDeaths due, mostly, to eating and entanglement Kills Wildlife S1: Marine Debris Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 7

Marine Debris - The Damage DoneLarge items rub against reefsPlastic bags smother seagrass and mangrovesFishing nets and line cut into corals, sponges and anemones Damages Environments S1: Marine Debris Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 8 Only divers have the skills to remove and report underwater marine debris Direct human impacts Ugly to see Unhealthy Costly to remove

What is This Marine Debris Stuff? Our waste in the oceanEveryday litter like plastic bags, food wrappers, drink bottles, cigarette buttsCar batteries, kitchen appliances, fishing nets, industrial waste and moreMostly not biodegradable Plastics break into small piecesThe waste products of our growing population are choking our ocean planet Dive Against Debris Survey Guide S1: Marine Debris 9

Dive Against Debris Survey Guide S1: Marine Debris Where Does It Come From? 10 But also lost or dumped at sea Most comes from the land Ocean this way town dumps next to the sea untreated sewage building & industrial waste and more boats and ships oil and gas rigs aquaculture farms Humans are the source of all marine debris

Dive Against Debris Survey Guide S1: Marine Debris Where Does It Come From? Public littering is also a major problem ... 11 Litter ... ...washed into drains... ... streams and rivers, or blown by the wind Ocean this way

Dive Against Debris Survey Guide S1: Marine Debris Where Does It Come From? 12 Mistake it for food Once in the ocean marine debris kills tens of 1000s of marine animals and seabirds every year Wraps around fins, flippers, wings and throats Damages environments

Can We Fix This Mess?Work together locally, nationally and internationally on the many changes needed :Policies to manageInfrastructure to blockRegulations to controlBehaviours to reduce Yes We Can! Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 13 S1: Marine Debris

Dive Against Debris - Dive For Change You make the ocean safer for marine lifeThe data you collect:Supports action on marine debris Illustrates the type and amount of rubbish Builds knowledge of impactsYou support local Project AWARE leadersYou convince others to changeWhen you Dive Against Debris you are diving for change Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 14 S1: Marine Debris

Created Just For Divers70% of rubbish entering the ocean sinks to the seafloorThe problem is big but the Project AWARE ‘s global movement of divers is strongTogether our actions make a difference Only divers have the training, knowledge and skills to remove marine debris from underwater Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 15 S1: Marine Debris Don’t Let Your Dives Go to Waste!

We’ve talked aboutThe Damage DoneWhat is This Marine Debris Stuff?Where Does it Come From?Can We Fix This Mess?Dive Against Debris - Dive For Change Created Just For DiversSECTION 1: The Messy Problem of Marine Debris Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 16 S1: Marine Debris Any Questions? The marine debris problem and how divers can help fix the mess

Time to Dive Against DebrisSECTION 2:

Plan Your DiveBuild an argument for changeHelp identify seasonal trendsWeather patternsTourist seasons How often should we survey?No requirement, butMonthly - bestEvery other month - goodOnce per season - minimum Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 18 S2: Dive Time Repeat surveys at the same location give the best results Plan Your Dive

Choose Your Survey Site Can return regularlyWithin dive skills and experience of all participantsSurvey fresh water lakes and rivers Permission required?Use these considerations to choose your survey site: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 19 S2: Dive Time Underwater or a Land Cleanup? Only report marine debris found by divers underwater through Dive Against Debris Plan Your Dive

Survey Dive Profiles Safety your primary considerationBottom time and depthSet safe dive profilesBuoyancy Properly weightedGear streamlined and securedSurvey AreaNo set areaTry to cover the same area each time you survey your site Number of participantsBuddy team strategies Consider the experience levels of all divers Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 20 S2: Dive Time Plan Your Dive

Dive Your PlanWork with your buddyDo not use your BCD as a lifting device Do not overfill your mesh bagItems weighing more than 4 kgs/7 pounds should only be removed by divers trained in the use of lift bagsDo not use lift bags without training/experience. During your dive collect marine debris - sort and record what you found on land Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 21 S2: Dive Time Dive Your Plan

GearRequired:Mesh bagsDive tool/knifeGloves The right gear will help make your dive safe and enjoyableDive Against Debris Survey Guide 22 S2: Dive Time Recommended: Scissors GPS Weighing scales Underwater camera Sharps container Blank slate and pencil Dive Your Plan

Buoyancy ObjectsKeep yourgear bodya nd finsoff the bottom.Remain aware of your body’s positioning throughout your dive Pay attention to your buoyancy and trim Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 23 S2: Dive Time Dive Your Plan

Sharp ObjectsDo not remove if unsafeUse a strong containerUse extra caution when removing medical sharps: syringes, needles, scalpels, lancets, suture needlesTake care with objects that can cause a puncture wound Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 24 S2: Dive Time Dive Your Plan

Take Pictures to Tell the Story1. Photos to explain your data:Marine debris damaging the environment Entangled animalsItems you cannot identifyMarine debris underwaterItems you did not remove Upload these photos when you submit your data online Photos not required but they illustrate the problem and convince others to act Two types of photos to take: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 25 S2: Dive Time 2. Photos that tell your story: Group shots Divers in action Divers counting and recording debris Surface shot of the rubbish you removed Use for your blog on My Ocean C onsider sharing via Facebook ® or ScubaEarth ® U se them to illustrate a story in your local paper: Dive Your Plan

Things to Leave BehindSAFETY FIRSTItem is harmless?Perhaps leave in placeItem could cause harm?Perhaps worth small short-term disturbance to remove Marine life soon grows on, or lives in, marine debris – should we remove these items? Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 26 S2: Dive Time If unsure leave it in place

Things to Leave BehindMaterial of construction?Glass bottles & steel cansperhaps leave Hard plastics, fish traps, packaging material, etc perhaps removeContents of Item?Batteries, fuel containers, paint cans etcremove if safeFishing nets, line and ropeSelective removal?scissors work well Consider these points when deciding to remove a debris item: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 27 S2: Dive Time

We’ve talked aboutLong-term Surveys Give the Best ResultsChoose Your Survey SiteSurvey Dive ProfilesGearTake Pictures to Tell the Story Things to Leave BehindSECTION 2: Time to Dive Against Debris Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 28 S2: Managing Threats Plan your dive – dive your plan Any Questions?

Make Your Survey CountSECTION 3:

5 Easy Steps to Make Your Survey Count Sorting and recording debris is quick when everyone works together, follow these 5 easy steps: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide30 S3: Report Data 1. Weigh 2. Sort 3. Record 4. Dispose 5. Report

Step 1: WeighSubtract weight of empty bags if significantCan use fishing or kitchen scalesEstimate if no scalesRecord in kilograms or pounds Weigh debris while still in the mesh bags:Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 31 S3: Report Data Step 1: Weigh

Step 2: SortPlasticGlass & CeramicMetalRubberWood ClothPaper/CardboardMixed MaterialsOtherEmpty mesh bags and sort debris into piles under the 9 material of construction categories: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 32 S3: Report Data Step 2: Sort

Record each debris item as 1Count miscellaneous pieces as “fragments” Combine all diver’s findings from the same survey dive on one data cardWork through each pile to record every item onto the Dive Against Debris Data Card Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 33 S3: Report Data Step 3: Record Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordHere’s a quick way to count many small pieces:Sort into similar sized pilesCount pieces in one pileMultiply by number of piles Record as “fragments”Too small to count? Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 34 S3: Report Data Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordSurvey Site LocationCity/TownState/ProvinceCountry Survey Site GPS CoordinatesAccuracy mattersUse the point-and-click map on the online Data Submission Form, ORTake GPS readings:WGS84 / Decimal Degrees When reporting data online you will be asked about your survey site: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 35 S3: Report Data Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordAverage time spent by all buddy teams while underwater removing marine debrisRecord in minutes i.e. 45 minutes, 115 minutesDo not include time forSurface swimsAscents/descentsNon-dive participants Sorting and recording debris Take care to properly record your Survey Duration: Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 36 S3: Report Data Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordCalculating Survey Duration Examples Dive Against Debris Survey Guide37 S3: Report Data Example 2 3 buddy teams Team A & B = 2 divers each Team C = 3 divers Remove underwater marine debris for: Buddy Team A: 42 mins Buddy Team B: 48 mins Buddy Team C: 51 mins Combined survey time = 141 mins 141 minutes / 3 buddy teams = 47 mins Survey Duration = 47 minutes Example 1 1 buddy team of 2 divers Remove underwater marine debris for: 43 mins No other divers on the survey Survey Duration = 43 minutes Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordNumber of ParticipantsOnly count divers collecting rubbish underwaterCount individual diversDo not include non-divers Wave ConditionsCalm, Smooth, Slight or Moderate to roughSee the Survey Guide or Data Sheet for more detailsMore information on your survey S3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 38 Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordReport the area you surveyed to help understand the density of rubbish at your site:Easy and accurate online tool Square metres or square feet Cannot use the online tool?Calculate area by multiplying length by breadthEstimate if no other option available More information on your survey S3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 39 Step 3: Record Use an online tool to measure area

Step 3: RecordEcosystemEnvironment in which your survey took placeCoral reefRocky reefKelp MangrovesSeagrassOther (please describe)More information on your survey S3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 40 Dominant Substrate Seafloor type over which most of your survey took place Sand Silt Gravel Rock Coral Seagrass Other (please describe) Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordEntangled AnimalsRecord species and type of marine debrisTake photos and upload with your data More information on your surveyS3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 41 Survey Depth Range Max and min depths from which you removed debris May be less deep than the max depth of your dive Do not report 0 for min depth Floating debris should not be reported Step 3: Record

Step 3: RecordWeather Conditions for Previous WeekWeather events that may have moved debris onto or away from your site More information on your surveyS3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 42 Items of Local Concern Your top 3 problem debris items and why Additional Information Events that could have contributed to the debris found Step 3: Record

Step 4: DisposeSort for recyclingSmall amounts in street binsLocal government authority may collectTransport to a waste collection siteKnow local laws governing disposalCheck procedures for disposing hazardous items fluorescent light tubes, light sticks/cyalumes , fuel/oil containers etcDispose of your debris carefully so it cannot return to the ocean: S3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 43 Step 4: Dispose

Step 5: Reportwww.projectaware.org/DiveAgainstDebrisYou will need a My Ocean profile Log in or create newFollow instructions on the online formRefer to the Dive Against Debris Survey Guide for clarificationNow report your data online S3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 44 Step 5: Report

Step 5: Report I have read the Dive Against Debris Survey Guide and the data I am reporting was collected underwater, during one dive and completed by single or multiple buddy teams. I understand I should only include data on trash collected from underwater environments here. Repeat dives should be reported through separate submissions and debris collected on land can be shared with the My Ocean community. I understand that the data I submit will be visualized on the Dive Against Debris Map following a review and provided it satisfies Project AWARE’s internal quality review process. Before submitting data you will be asked to confirm the Dive Against Debris Surveyor Statement:S3: Report Data Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 45 Only divers have the skills to remove and report underwater marine debris Step 5: Report

We’ve talked aboutStep 1: WeighStep 2: SortStep 3: RecordStep 4: DisposeStep 5: Report SECTION 3: Make Your Survey Count Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 46 S3: Report Data Reporting your data Any Questions?

Now It’s Your Turn!SECTION 4:

Some Final Dive Against Debris Thoughts Share Your Actions to Help Change BehavioursProject AWARE’s My Ocean www.projectaware.org/MyOceanBlog stories on your actionsUpload photos and videosSeek participants to join eventsFind events to join Start your regular Dive Against Debris survey, then: S4: Your Turn! Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 48

Some Final Dive Against Debris Thoughts Report Clean SitesAny Dive, Any TimeWhat About Land Cleanups? Only report debris found underwater by diversProvide Feedback:www.projectaware.org/contact S4: Your Turn! Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 49

Join the Project AWARE Movement Battle the Big Two: Project AWARE divers protect our ocean planet - one dive at a timeS4: Your Turn! Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 50 Sharks and Rays at Risk Become an AWARE Shark Conservation Diver Marine Debris and help protect our friends-the sharks Dive Against Debris Be an AWARE Diver Ten Tips for Divers to Protect the Ocean Planet

We’ve talked aboutSome Final Dive Against Debris ThoughtsJoin the Project AWARE Movement SECTION 4: Now It’s Your Turn!S4: Your Turn! Dive Against Debris Survey Guide 51 Join AWARE divers around the world tackling marine debris Any Questions?

Thank you Questions?