Public health doctor specializing in respiratory disease Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Pandemic H1N1 Emerging Infectious Diseases National Center for Emerging and ID: 368283
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Dr. George Nelson
Public health doctor specializing in respiratory diseaseCenters for Disease Control and Prevention
Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Pandemic H1N1
Emerging Infectious Diseases
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
Emerging Infectious Diseases June 2012
Based on the articleInvasive Pneumococcal Disease and Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Denver, Colorado, USA
George E. Nelson, Kenneth A.
Gershman
, David L.
Swerdlow
, Bernard W.
Beall
, and
Matthew R. MooreSlide2
What is pneumonia?
PneumoniaInfection of the lungs.Alveoli (air sacs of lungs) fill with fluid and pus, making breathing more
difficult.Pneumococcal pneumonia
Caused by bacteria called pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae).
Can also be caused by other bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites.Slide3
How is pneumonia spread?
Most cases of pneumonia are spread person-to-person by coughing out of tiny droplets.Some pathogens can live in nose and throat without causing disease.
But when inhaled into lungs, they can cause pneumonia.
While many people are exposed to pneumococcus, usually only those with underlying health issues develop pneumonia. Slide4
Who is at higher risk for pneumonia?
People with some medical conditions are at higher risk for pneumonia, including: heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, etc.Smoking also increases risk of developing
pneumonia.Slide5
What is invasive pneumococcal disease?
Occurs when pneumococcus gets into part of the body normally free of bacteria.Pneumococcus in blood = bacteremia.
Pneumococcus in spinal fluid = meningitis.People with bacteremia and meningitis can become very sick, disabled, and in 10-15% of adult cases they
die.Slide6
What is the relationship between flu and pneumonia?
During flu pandemics before 2009, up to 1 in 3 flu victims developed pneumonia.2009 H1N1 flu pandemic Study found more than
3 times the number of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease than expected during the month that the flu peaked in Denver.
Up to 62% of the cases of pneumococcal pneumonia may have been associated with pandemic H1N1.Slide7
What vaccines will help protect you from pneumonia?
In the United States, there are several vaccines available for preventing pneumonia:2 pneumococcal vaccines
vaccines against Haemophilus
influenzae type b (Hib
), whooping cough, chickenpox, measles, and fluAdults should check with their doctors – they may need vaccines or boosters to vaccinations that they got as
children.Slide8
Recommended public health strategies
Raise awarenessLet patients and healthcare providers know about the relationship between flu and pneumococcal pneumonia.Alert people to look for complications of bacterial pneumonia after flu
infection.Advocate for vaccination
Especially with flu and pneumococcal vaccines.Slide9
For more information please contact,
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Journal,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Telephone: 1-404-639-1960/Fax: 1-404-639-1954E-mail: eideditor@cdc.gov Web: http://www.cdc.gov/eid/
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious DiseasesEmerging Infectious DiseasesThank you to all authorsGeorge E. Nelson, Kenneth A. Gershman, David L. Swerdlow, Bernard W. Beall, and Matthew R. Moore