Yeni Salma Barlinti FHUI Depok النساء ١١ ي وصيكم اﷲ في اولادكم للذكرمثل حظ الانثيين ID: 662777
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Slide1
SHARES OF CHILDREN AND PARENTS IN LAW OF ISLAMIC INHERITANCE
Yeni
Salma
Barlinti
FHUI
DepokSlide2
النساء : ١١
يُ
وْصِيْكُمُ
اﷲُ فِيْ اَوْلادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِمِثْلُ حَظِّ الاُنْثَيَيْنِۚ
فَاِنْكُنَّ نِسٓآءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَۚ
وَاِنْ كَانَتْ وَاحٍدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصْفُ Slide3
SHARES OF CHILDREN
QS An
Nisa
ayat
11:
God (thus) directs you as regards your children’s (estate): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females
If only daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of the estate
If only one (daughter), her share is a halfSlide4
KHI (Compilation of Islamic Law): SHARES OF CHILDREN
Article
176
KHI
Anak
perempuan
bila
hanya
seorang
ia
mendapat
separoh
bagian
,
bila
dua
orang
atau
lebih
mereka
bersama-sama
mendapat
dua
pertiga
bagian
,
dan
apabila
anak
perempuan
bersama-sama
dengan
anak
laki-laki
,
maka
bagian
anak
laki-laki
adalah
dua
berbanding
satu
dengan
anak
perempuan
.Slide5
Position of Children
Son
Always be
dzul
qarabat
(bilateral
Hazairin
)
or
asabah
binnafsihi
(patrilineal
Syafi’i
)
Daughter
As
dzul
faraid
i
f
there is no son
As
dzul
qarabat
(bilateral
Hazairin
)
or
asabah
bilghairi
(patrilineal
Syafi’i
)
if there is sonSlide6
How to Distribute Estate
Determine
the heirs
Determine
classification of the heirs
Count shares for
dzul
faraid
first
Count shares for
dzul qarabat/ashabah
Check
totaling of all shares is 1
If the shares are less than the estate (residue)
RADD
(return)
or If the shares are more than the estate
‘AWL
Recheck
totaling of all shares include
radd
or
‘awl
is
1Slide7
Exercise 1
A
B
C
E
G
D
F
H
M
O
I
J
L
K
N
1
6
5
4
3
2Slide8
Exercise 2
C
B
F
K
H
J
G
E
D
A
I
7
8Slide9
النساء : ١١
وَ
لاَبَوَيْهِ
لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ اِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌۚ
فَاِنْ لَّمْ يَكُنْ لَّهُ وَلَدٌ وَّوَرِثَهُٓ اَبَوَهُ
فَلاُِمِّهِ
الثُّلُثُۚ
فَاِنْ كَانَ لَهُٓ اِخْوَةٌ فَلاُِمِّهِ السُّدُسُSlide10
SHARES OF PARENTS
QS An
Nisa
ayat
11:
For parents, a sixth
share
s
of the
estate
to each, if the deceased
left
children
If no children, and the parents are the (only) heirs, the mother has a third
(and if no brothers or sisters)If the deceased left brothers (or sisters) (and no children)
the mother has a sixthSlide11
SHARES OF MOTHER
Fa
-in
kaana
lahuu
ikhwatun
fali-ummihi-ssudusu
=
“
If the deceased left
brothers (or sisters)
the mother has a sixth”System of bilateral inheritance:
Hazairin ikhwatun
means plural (two or more brothers/sisters)Sajuti
Thalib ikhwatun means one, two or more brothers/sisters
System of patrilineal inheritance: Ikhwatun means plural (two or more brothers/sisters) So, if the deceased left one brother or sister, mother has a third
KHI Article 178 paragraph (1)Slide12
KHI: SHARES OF PARENTS
Article
177
KHI
Ayah
mendapat
sepertiga
bagian
bila
pewaris
tidak meninggalkan anak,
bila ada anak
, ayah mendapat seperenam bagian.
(jo. SEMA No. II Year1994 concerning Definition of Article 177
KHI is father has a third if the deceased no left children but she left husband and mother. If the deceased left children, father has a sixth)Article 178 KHI
Ibu mendapat seperenam bagian
bila ada anak atau
dua saudara atau lebih.
Bila tidak ada
anak atau dua
orang saudara
atau lebih, maka
ia mendapat sepertiga
bagian.Ibu mendapat sepertiga
bagian dari
sisa sesudah
diambil oleh
janda atau duda
bila bersama-sama
dengan ayah.Slide13
Position of Father
If the deceased left children, father is
dzul
faraid
If the deceased left no children, father is
dzul
qarabat
(bilateral
Hazairin
)
or
asabah
binnafsihi (patrilineal Syafi’i)Only on system of
patrilineal inheritance: if the deceased left a daughter, father is dzul faraid
and asabah binnafsihi (Hadis
Ibn Abbas)Slide14
Position of Mother
Mother is always as
dzul
farai’d
with or without children and/or brothers (sisters)Slide15
Exercise 3
A
B
G
H
C
D
E
F
10
9
12
11
ISlide16
Exercise 4
U
T
Q
J
I
H
O
N
L
M
K
C
B
G
F
A
D
E
P
S
R
13
14
15
16
17Slide17
Exercise 5
C
B
A
H
G
E
K
J
O
N
U
T
Q
I
F
D
L
M
P
S
R
18
19
20
21
22Slide18
Exercise 6
C
B
A
H
G
E
K
J
O
N
U
T
Q
I
F
D
L
M
P
S
R
23
24
25
26
27Slide19
Exercise 7
C
B
A
H
28
C
B
H
29
C
B
A
30
C
B
A
31
HSlide20
Tsulutsul Baqi
or
Garrawain
or
Umariyatain
Ijtihad
Umar bin
Khattab
:
Mother has a third of residue (after taking away the shares of wife or husband), if she is coming together only with father, wife or husband
Aim: father must get more shares than mother
Aplication : SEMA No. II Year1994 only determine shares of father if he is coming together only with mother and husband, and
KHI Article 178 paragraph (2)Ibn Abbas
’s opinion is mother has a third of total estate, not residueSlide21
Terima Kasih
WASSALAM