Timeline: History of the Internet: - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Timeline: History of the Internet:Slide2

1945

-

Vannavar

Bush describes the

memex

; a hypothetical mechanical hypertext system where individuals could compress and store their books, records, and communications.

1957

- USSR launched Sputnik I

- United States creates the Advanced Research Projects Agency

of the Department of Defense (ARPA)

- Technological think-tank

- Space, ballistic missiles and nuclear test monitoring

- Communication between operational base and

subcontracters

1962

- Computer research program

- Leaded by John

Licklider

(MIT)

- Leonard

Kleinrock

published his first paper on packet-switching theorySlide3

1965

- First “wide area network” created

- connection between Berkeley and MIT

1967

- Plans for ARPANET were published by ARPA

1969

- ARPANET was born when 4 computers were inter-connected (UCLA, SRI, UCSB and UTAH)

1970

- First cross-country link installed by AT&T between UCLA and BBN at 56kbps

-

ALOHAnet

satellite network in Hawaii

1971

- 23 host computers (15 nodes)Slide4

1972

- First program for person-to-person communication (e-mail)

- Robert Kahn gives first public demonstration of

ARPAnet

(now 15 nodes) at International Conference on Computer Communication

- @ was first chosen to separate user ids and host names.

- First computer-to-computer chat program was developed at UCLA

1973

- Ethernet was invented by Bob Metcalfe at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)

- 75% of all ARPANET traffic is e-mail

- First international connection (University College of London)

1974

- TCP/IP

- Each network should work on its own

- Within each network there would be a ‘gateway’

- Packages would be routed through the fastest available route

- Network only operated on large mainframe computersSlide5

1975

- First mailing list was created

1978

- TCP split into TCP and IP

- First Bulletin Board System (CBBS) Ward Christensen

1979

- First threaded message board (Usenet) -)

-

MUDs

- Multi-User Dungeons (Precursor to

MMORPGs

)

1982

- Introduction of

Minitel

which housed the first public Instant

Messager

1974-1982

- No standardized competing techniques or protocols

- ARPANET is remains the backboneSlide6

1981

- Term “Internet” coined to mean collection of interconnected networks

1982

-

Smtp

e-mail protocol defined

1983

- Original ARPANET NCP was banned on January 1st from the ARPANET and TCP/IP standard becomes the protocol standard

1984

- Introduction of DNS (Domain Name System) as BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain Server)

1985

- FTP protocol defined

1989

- WWW concept was proposed by Tim Berners-LeeSlide7

1990

- ARPANET is decommissioned

- AOL and CompuServe first provide dial-up service

- Tim Berners-Lee develops hypertext system with initial versions of HTML and HTTP and first GUI web browser called “

WorldWideWeb

”

1990

- First search-engine (Archie)

1993

- Mosaic, a GUI web browser, written by Marc Andreessen and Eric

Bina

becomes the first popular web browser (showed in-line images and was easy to install)

-

InterNIC

created by NSF to provide Internet services; Private companies transition into roles (AT&T – directory and database services; Network Solutions – registration services;

CERFnet

– information services)Slide8

1994

- 3.2 million hosts and 3,000 websites

- Hotmail starts web based email

- World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was founded

1995

- 6.4 million hosts and 25,000 websites

- Traditional online dial-up systems (

Compuserve

, America Online, Prodigy) begin to provide Internet access

- Ward Cunningham invents the

Wiki

1997

- 19.5 million hosts and 1,2 million websites

- First

Blogs

appear

1998

- Google is foundedSlide9

1999

- Napster is released

2000

- Dotcom collapse

2001

- 110 million hosts and 30 million websites

-

Wikipedia

launched

2002

-

MySpace

launched

2003

-

Facebook

launched

2006

- 439 million hosts; 10 new computers connected

per second