INTRODUCTION OF MATTER Particle arrangement and motion determine the state of matter States of matter are the different in which matter can exist The familiar states are and ID: 277845
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Slide1
Matter exists in different physical states.
INTRODUCTION OF MATTERSlide2
Particle arrangement and motion determine the state of matter.
States of matter are the different ___________ in which matter can exist.
The familiar states are ________, __________, and _________.
When a substance changes from one form to another, the ________________ of the molecules change. Slide3
Solid, liquid, and gas are common states of matter.
A _______________is a substance that has a definite volume and a definite shape.
The particles are __________together and can __________against each other while still in the same place.
Image from: http://www.dorlingkindersley-uk.co.uk/static/html/clipart/clipart_home.htmlSlide4
A _____________has a definite volume, but does not have a definite shape. The particles are attracted to one another and are close together. They are not fixed in place and can move from one place to another.
Image from: http://www.dorlingkindersley-uk.co.uk/static/html/clipart/clipart_home.htmlSlide5
A __________has no definite volume or shape. A gas can take on both the shape and the volume of a container. Gas particles are not close together and can move easily in any direction.
Image from: http://www.dorlingkindersley-uk.co.uk/static/html/clipart/clipart_home.htmlSlide6
The speed at which gas molecules move depends on the temperature of the gas.
_____________is a measure of the average amount of kinetic energy(mass and speed) of the particles in an object.Slide7
Gas Behavior
Gas molecules move __________at higher temperatures.
The _________, __________, and _________________of a gas are related to one another, and changing on can change the others. Slide8
Two laws govern gases.
____________ law states that for a fixed amount of a gas kept at a constant temperature, pressure and volume are indirectly related. (One increases, the other decreases).
____________ law states for a fixed amount of a gas kept at a constant pressure, temperature and volume are directly related. (One increases, the other increases).Slide9
Use these words to fill-in the next page.
Definite shape
Definite volume
Atoms
Matter
Particles move quickly
Particles close together
No definite volumeNo definite shapeParticles slide past each other
We will use these words later--
Sublimation
Boiling
Freezing
Condensation
Melting
EvaporationSlide10
solid
liquid
gasSlide11
Matter has observable properties
Properties of MatterSlide12
Matter has observable properties.
The characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance are called _________________properties.
Examples: color, shape, size, texture, volume, and massSlide13
Physical Changes
A _________change is a change in any physical _____________of a substance.
Example: stretching a rubber bandSlide14
Chemical Properties and Changes
________________properties describe how substances can form ______substances.
A chemical change is the change of one substance into ____________substance. Slide15
Examples of chemical changes:
Burning wood, tarnished copper, dropping an antacid into water, rusted ironSlide16
Signs of a Chemical Change
Production of an _________– a rotting egg produces the smell of sulfur
Change in _______________– burning wood increases temperature
Change in ____________– fruit may change color when it ripens
Formation of _________– an antacid that comes in contact with water starts to bubble.
Formation of a ________– shells of clams and mussels are precipitatesSlide17
Put a
GREEN
circle around the
physical changes and a
RED
box around the
chemical changes
.Slide18
Properties are used to identify substances.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERSlide19
Substances have characteristic properties.
We can identify __________ substances by comparing their physical properties with the physical properties of known substances.
Texture, shape, and color are all physical properties that you use all of the time to ____________and sort objects. Slide20
Properties Used for Identifying Substances
______________can be used to identify substances.
Example: You could see a difference between a kilogram of liquid soap and a kilogram of honey by measuring their densities.Slide21
___________is a measure of how much of a substance dissolves in a given volume of liquid.
Solubility can be used to identify substances.Slide22
Some substances ____________ electricity better than others.
This is why conductivity can be used to identify a substance.Slide23
Some substances are attracted to __________, so we can use magnets to identify substances.Slide24
Changes of state are physical changes.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERSlide25
Matter can change from one state to another.
When matter changes from one state to another, the substance itself does not change.
Changing state is a ________change.Slide26
SOLID
LIQUID
GASSlide27
Melting
________________is a process by which a solid becomes a liquid.
The ______________temperature at which a substance begins to melt is called its melting point.Slide28
Freezing
___________is the process by which a liquid becomes a solid.
The temperature at which a specific liquid becomes a solid is called the freezing _________.Slide29
Evaporation
__________is a process by which a liquid becomes a gas.Slide30
Sublimation
__________is a process in which a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first.
Example: Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide. Slide31
Boiling
___________is a process by which a liquid becomes a gas.
Boiling occurs when a _________reaches a certain temperature called the boiling point.Slide32
Condensation
The process by which a gas changes its state to become a liquid is called ______________. Slide33
Phase Graph
Remove heat
Add
heat