Sherlock Holmes: Who He Knew and Where He Knew Them From - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1
Slide2

Sherlock Holmes: Who He Knew and Where He Knew Them From

Expanding the Use of Sherlock Holmes Stories in the Teaching of Criminal JusticeSlide3

Elementary, My Dear Watson. The Merest Child’s Play of Deduction

The late 1800’s and early 1900’s was a time of invention, innovation, and progression in all fields of human endeavor, but most importantly, for us in the fields of crime, criminal theory, investigations and forensics. Slide4

1844

Siger Holmes and Violet Sherrinford marry

1845

Sherrinford Holmes is born

1847

Mycroft Holmes is born1852John Hamish Watson is born1854William Sherlock Scott Holmes is bornHolmes early life is spent between England and Europe traveling1874Case of the Gloria Scott; Holmes first recorded case1879The Musgrave Ritual; second recorded case1881Holmes and Watson are introduced resulting in the case entitles “A Study in Scarlet”1886 to 1891Most active cases until “The Final Problem” and Holmes supposed death at the Reichenbach Falls1894 to 1903Holmes returns in “The Adventure of the Empty House” Second round of cases 1903 Holmes Retires to Sussex to tend bees and write his magnum opus’ “The Whole Art of Detection” and “The Handbook of Bee Keeping With Some Thoughts on the Segregation of the Queen”.1917Holmes comes out of retirement to duel with a German spy in his final case. UnknownAlthough when Holmes passed has been speculated at we do not know for sure

BeginningsSlide5

A Study In Scarlet

Dr. Watson was

introduced to

Sherlock Holmes. During the course of the story Watson listed Holmes qualities and his limits.

1. Knowledge of Literature: Nil

2. Knowledge of Philosophy: Nil3. Knowledge of Astronomy: Nil4. Knowledge of Politics: Feeble5. Knowledge of Botany: Variable. Well up in belladonna, opium, and poisons generally. Knows nothing of practical gardening6. Knowledge of Geology: Practical but limited. Tells at a glance different soils from each other. After walks has shown me splashes upon his trousers, and told me by their color and consistence in what part of London he had received them. 7. Knowledge of Chemistry: Profound8. Knowledge of Anatomy: Accurate but unsystematic 9. Knowledge of Sensational Literature: Immense; He appears to know every detail of every horror perpetrated in the century.10. Plays the violin well11. Is an expert singlestick player, boxer, and swordsman. 12. Has a good practical knowledge of British LawSlide6

Criminal Investigations, Investigators, and Forensics that Holmes would have known

In thirteenth century (1248) China the book Hsi Duan Yu (The Washing Away of Wrongs) was published and is considered to be the first known guide pathology.  The work describes, among other things, how to determine whether a victim drowned or was strangled as a cause of death.  It also detailed how the criminal investigator identified the type of blade used in a murder by examining the corpse and how to determine whether a death was accidental or murder.

 Slide7

Mathieu Orfila

1787-1853

“Father of Toxicology”

With others, he helped develop a chemical test to detect arsenic (the poison of choice for the period)

Symptoms included violent stomach pains and vomiting; similar to choleraSlide8

Alphonse Bertillon

1853-1914

Developed Anthropomorphism 1882

Series of body and facial measurements

Slide9

Dr. Francis Galton

1822-1911

One of several individuals responsible for developments in the fingerprint fieldSlide10

Alexandre Lacassagne

1844-1921

Has been called the founder of modern forensic science

First to recognize the significance of the striations etched on a bullet extracted from a murder victim

First to study the relationship between an attack on a victim and the shape and configuration of bloodstains.Slide11

Charles Meymott Tidy

1843-1892

English medical doctor, sanitary chemist, and barrister who wrote extensively on legal matters

Perpetuated the myth that nails continue to grow after deathSlide12

Hans Gross

1847-1915

Austrian Professor and Judge

1891 Book “Criminal Investigations”

First criminological institute – University of Graz, AustriaSlide13

Cesare Lombroso

1835-1909

Italian University professor and criminologist

Characterology – relation between mental and physical characteristics

Tried to relate certain physical characteristics to criminal psychopathologySlide14

Edmond Locard

1877- 1966

French Criminalist 1912 First Forensic Laboratory

“Locard Exchange Principle”

WW 1 worked with the French Secret Service as a medical examiner to id cause and location of death by examining stains and damage to soldier’s and prisoner’s uniformsSlide15

Dr. Joseph Bell

1837-1911

Lecturer Medical University in Edinburgh, Scotland

Renowned for ability to develop diagnosis from mere observation

Medical investigator for police

Arthur Conan Doyle used him as model for HolmesProfessor Harvey LittlejohnSlide16

Allan Pinkerton

1819-1884 born Glasgow, Scotland

First Chicago full time detective

1850 started Pinkerton National Detective Agency

Civil War Secret Service Agency reported to have largest data base of criminal information and mug shotsSlide17

Conclusion

These are but a few of the individuals who proceeded, lived alongside, or followed in the footsteps of the famous fictional detective. Assign one of Holmes’ cases to a student and have them research the techniques he uses and where those techniques originated and the lives of the relevant persons that devised them

. Slide18

So now I leave you with three quotes from the master detective

“You know my method. It is founded upon the observation of trifles.”- The Boscombe Valley Mystery

“How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however Improbable, must be the truth?”-The Sign of Four

“Education never ends, Watson. It is a series of lessons with the greatest for the last.”-The Adventure of the Red Circle