Born August 1 1920 Died October 4 1951 Henrietta Pheasant Lacks and David Day Lacks Married on April 10 1941 David Sonny Lacks Jr Then and Now Lawrence Lack 1 st born child ID: 815583
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Slide1
Henrietta Lacks – Part 1
Born August 1, 1920
Died
October 4, 1951
Slide2Henrietta Pheasant Lacks and
David (Day)
Lacks (Married on
April 10, 1941)
Slide3David (Sonny) Lacks Jr. (Then and Now)
Lawrence Lack
1
st
born child
3
rd
son
And
?
Joe Lacks 5
th
child now called
Zakariyya
Bari Abdul
Rahman
Slide4Clover, Virginia (Henrietta’s Home Town)
Slide5Hennie’s
Home-Place
and
Burial Place in Clover
Slide6Day and all of Henrietta’s
Children born here except
Deborah
Slide7Can one person make a difference!
This is a childhood picture of Deborah Lacks, age 13 (she is Henrietta’s youngest
d
aughter). Henrietta got pregnant with her first daughter, Elsie, about this sameage. Deborah was fending off her cousin Galen around this age.
Slide8Farming in Clover
Slide9Henrietta and day continued to farm the land
Their slave ancestors had.
Slide10Henrietta married her cousinDay, who she had grown up with in
Grandpa Tommy’s house
Hennie
said “Day would bring home
Bad
Blood
and it would hurt to be with that man”.
Slide11“Bad Blood” = Syphilus
Slide12Syphilis
Syphilis is caused by a spirilla bacterium. Before 1955 syphilis was treated with mercury.
Today syphilis is treatable with penicillium.
Slide13“Bad Blood” = Gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhoea
is a sexually transmitted
d
isease caused by a bacterium.
Henrietta had acute Gonorrhea superimposed on radiation reaction!
Slide14The Worst “Bad Blood” of all,
HPV (human pallinoma virus) which was unknown until 1970’s
Slide15HPV on the Cervix =
Cervial Cancer
Slide16Slide17Land of opportunity !
Day, Henreitta and
children move to Maryland
Outbreak of WWII created jobs in Maryland’s
shipyards especially
Sparrows Point
!
Henrietta had never traveled far
from home in Clover, Virginia.
Above: Housing for workers at Sparrows
Point, Maryland.
Slide18Work was dirty, hot, and
Tiring but the pay was good
(still less for black workers
than white workers).
All workers were being
e
xposed to coal dust, asbestos,
a
nd other pollutants on a
d
aily basis.
Slide19Why was enter Johns Hopkins like entering
A foreign country for Henrietta Lacks?
Slide20John Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore, Maryland
Slide21Johns Hopkins Hospital
Segregated Ward – Where Henrietta
r
ecovered from her first radium
t
reatment and died 8 months
l
ater.
Early Operation at Johns Hopkins
Slide22Elsie’s
Fate-
She was placed in
CrownsvilleState Hospital, Baltimore,
a
n institution for the insane
b
ecause Henrietta was so weak
s
he could not care for her. Elsie
w
ill die at Crownsville.
Slide23Slide24Henrietta told Margaret and Sadie (her
c
ousins
) “I got a knot inside me
”
Slide25Slide26Slide27Slide28P
Pathology –
Biopsy –
Slide29Slide30Dysplasia –
Carcinoma in situ -
Slide31Slide32Dr. George
Gey
– grew first human
cell line in culture known as
HeLa
cells.
Dr.
Gey’s
wife Margaret
Gey
(a operating room
nurse) worked with Dr.
Gey
for 30 years trying
t
o develop a human cell line in culture.
Margaret’sSterile TechniqueMade the Tissue lab a
Success.
Slide33Sterile Technique and C
ulturing Cells
Use bleach
to wipe down
all surfaces.
2. Inoculate (heat)
loop before
applying cells.
Remember
bacteria travel
on dust particles,
slightly open
petric
dish lid.
4. Use
standard
streaking
method to
apply cells.
(dark brown
r
epresents
sterile
n
utrient
a
gar)
Slide34Sterile environment is a MUST in order not to contaminate cell cultures
Slide35Slide36Huge Medical Debate
In 1951 Cervical Cancer was divided into 2 different types:
1. Carcinoma in situ (cancer in its original
place) or non-invasive carcinoma. 2. Invasive carcinoma
Doctors knew the invasive carcinoma was deadly so they treated it aggressively by
hysteretomy
.
However, they believed wrongly that carcinoma in situ was nonlife threatening and didn’t wrong about it.
Slide37Slide38Carcinoma in situ Treatment
#1- Radium
Doctor Sews
Brack
Plaques
(Radium) to the
Cancer tumor
Located on the cervix of patient.
Radium
Slide392nd Treatment
for Carcinoma in situ Radiation
Slide40Invasive Carcinoma Treatment-Hysteretomy
Slide41PAP Smear (Preventive Care)
Slide42Cancer is Mitosis Gone Crazy
HeLa
Cell dividing
Slide431. Why
do cancer cells (tumors) need a large blood supply?
2. How
do cancer cells move around in the body?
Because body cells
Continue to divide
Uncontrollably, they
Pile up and form a
Tumor.
Slide44Mediatized Cancer Cells
Slide45Cancer Causing Mutations
Slide46Some viruses cause mutations resulting in Cancer
For example, HPV!
Slide47Death of Henrietta Lacks
Henrietta’s Death Certificate
Notice cause of death????
Slide48Discoveries Aided By HeLa
Cells
Salk lab technicians working on
ROLLER DRUMS
containing tube
c
ultures where
polio virus
was
g
rown.
Slide49Aided in Making Polio Vaccine
Iron Lung
Used to Keep Polio Patients Breathing
Slide50Jonas Salk used
Hela
Cells to test the
Effects of his polio
Vaccine on human
Cells.
Slide51Where would
HeLa
cells come into the picture?
Slide52Thanks to
HeLa
Cells!
Slide53Maybe there should be a stamp for Henrietta’s Contribution ?????
Slide54Slide55Hennie’s Family Dealing With News
Deborah finally gets to see her
Mothers immortal cells.
Recognition for Henrietta makes
h
er family proud.
Slide56Glossary
Aneuploid
– an abnormal number of chromosomesAseptic – system that prevents infection by being free of microorganisms
Biosynthesis – the formation of chemical compounds, derived from living organismsCentrifugation - an instrument that rotates at high speed to separate substances of different concentrationsContinuous/Immortalised
Cell Cultures
– cells that are derived from transformed cells that are generally epithelial in
origin
Diploid
– a cell with double number of chromosomes (total number of chromosomes in body cells)
Growth Media
– a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells
Haploid
– a cell with a complete set (half the number of a diploid cell) of chromosomes
Heteroploid
– a cell with an abnormal number of chromosomes
In Vitro
- where a procedure occurs within a controlled external environment rather than in the living
organismPrimary Cultures – cells that are derived directly from a host’s tissue or organ
Sanitation – the process and application of measures to ensure the prevention of disease and contaminationSubculture – a cell culture made by transferring cells from a previous culture to a fresh growth medium
Slide57Present Day 2013
Slide58Other Cell Lines
Slide59Slide60Slide61In this image, the ghost of Henrietta is metaphorically being 'drained', by doctors, as the intravenous tubes continue forward in an endless spiral of taking, taking, taking.
Slide62So What’s Next
Would you like your hamburger
Grown in a
petric
dish?
Well you are looking at the first
One above!!!!