CRANE AND RIGGING TRAINNG AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS BY OSHA AND ANSIASME STANDARDS Shawn Khan October 16 2015 Overhead Crane Operators OSHA and ANSIASME require all operators to be trained and tested either verbally or with a written test to include a handson evaluation ID: 391200
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Florida Marine Contractors Association
CRANE AND RIGGING TRAINNG AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS BY OSHA AND ANSI/ASME STANDARDS
Shawn Khan October 16, 2015Slide2
Overhead Crane OperatorsOSHA and ANSI/ASME require all operators to be trained and tested either verbally or with a written test to include a hands-on evaluation.If the training and testing is not documented, OSHA says it did not happen!Reference OSHA 1910.179, ASME B30.2, B30.11, B30.16 & B30.17
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Riggers and Signal PersonsRiggers and Signal Persons are required to be trained and tested and designated as Qualified per OSHAEmployers are to document who is designated for each lifting project.Reference OSHA 29CFR Subpart CC, 1910.184, 1926.251, ANSI/ASME B30.9, B30.10, B30.20, and B30.26
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Maintenance Versus ConstructionOSHA looks at lifts “in kind” as maintenance, where they will use the General Industry Standards.If anything is lifted that is different in any way, OSHA will use the Construction Standards. These lifts include different materials, weights, model numbers, products, and sizes of the products that are being lifted.
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CRANES and DERRICKS IN CONSTRUCTION SUBPART CC7 years in the making
The new standard includes more SHALL and MUST statementsChanges are still not clearLetters of InterpretationsClarificationsGuidance Documents (fact sheets and presentation)“Case Law”Slide6
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WHAT IT APPLIES TO
Articulating cranes (such as knuckle-boom cranes)Crawler cranesFloating cranesCranes on bargesLocomotive cranesMobile cranes (such as wheel-mounted, rough-terrain, all-terrain, commercial truck-mounted, and boom truck cranes)Multi-purpose machinesDedicated pile driversService/mechanic trucks with a hoisting deviceCrane on a monorailTower cranes (such as fixed jib (“hammerhead boom”), luffing boom and self-erecting)Pedestal cranesPortal cranes
Overhead and gantry cranesStraddle cranesSideboom cranesDerricks. . . and variations of such equipment. Equipment that can hoist, lower and horizontally move a suspended load………Slide7
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EQUIPMENT EXEMPTIONS
ExcavatorsBackhoesTrack LoadersSelf Propelled Elevating Platforms (aerial lifts)Forklifts (exceptions)Including when machines are fitted with slings, chains, or other rigging equipment to lift suspended loadsConcrete Pump Trucks w/boomPower ShovelsVehicle Mounted Work PlatformsArticulating/Knuckle Boom Cranes – when making deliveries only.Light Duty Cranes under 2,000lb capacity much of the standard does not apply Slide8
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SUPPLEMENTAL REQUIREMENTSTower Cranes
Erecting, climbing, dismantlingSignsSafety devicesOperational AidsInspectionsDerricksFloating Cranes/Derricks and Land Cranes/Derricks on BargesDedicated Pile DriversSideboom CranesEquipment with less than 2,000lb capacitySlide9
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KEY DATESNovember 8, 2010
– Qualified Signal Person, Qualified Rigger, Qualified Operator, and Most Other Provisions Become Effective/EnforceableNovember 10, 2017 – Operator Certification Requirements Effective/Enforceable November 8, 2010-November 10, 2017: Employer must ensure that all operators are competent to operate the equipment safely and are trained and evaluated on that training before operating the equipment.November 2011 – Insulating link/device (November 2013 for existing inventory)Slide10
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IMPORTANT TOPICSSignal Person Requirements – Qualified & Evaluated (third party or in-house)
Rigging Person Requirements – Qualified & EvaluatedOperational Aids/Safety AidsGround ConditionsFall Protection (Employee Training and Manufactured Equipment Requirements - Research)Authority To Stop OperationsInspection CriteriaOperator Certifications/RequirementsPower Line SafetyTraining – All Personnel Synthetic slings – requires paddingSlide11
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HIGHLIGHTS
Definitions (100+)
Training RequirementsRiggerSignalerOperatorCrew MembersEquipment ExemptionsOperational AidsGround ConditionsAssembly/DisassemblyA/D DirectorLift DirectorInspectionsWire RopeSafety DevicesPower Lines Slide12
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KEY DEFINITIONSControlling Entity – Entity that has the overall responsibility for the construction of the project – (GC, CM, Owner/Developer)
Qualified PersonQualified EvaluatorQualified RiggerQualified Signal PersonProximity AlarmSlide13
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RIGGERMust be QUALIFIED:Qualified person means a person with a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing or trained with extensive knowledge and experience. The qualified person must be able to demonstrate the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter or the project
….KEY DEFINITIONSSlide14
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….KEY DEFINITIONSSignal Person
Know and understand signals to be used, as well as all forms of signals Be competent in the application of the type of signals to be usedHave basic understanding of crane operation and limitations, including the crane dynamics involved in swinging and stopping loads and boom deflection from hoisting loadsMust be able to effectively communicate to crane operatorOral or Written test and through a practical test!Evaluated by a Qualified Evaluator – 3rd Party, In-houseSlide15
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SIGNAL PERSON QUALIFICATIONWho determines who is qualified:
Must obtain documentation from a third party qualified evaluator showing that the signal person meets the qualification requirements established in the standard; OR Obtain documentation from the employer’s qualified evaluator (not a third party) showing that the signal person meets the qualification requirements established in the standardAt no cost to the employeeSlide16
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Signal Person Qualifications
Qualified ByDocumentationPortable
3rd Party Qualified EvaluatorYes
Yes
Employer Qualified Evaluator
Yes
No
*Note – Must document the specific type of signaling they are qualified to perform – hand signals, radio, etc.Slide17
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AUTHORITY TO STOP OPERATIONSAnyone can give the emergency stop signal!!
Whenever there is a concern for safety, the crane operator shall have the authority to stop and refuse to handle loads until a qualified person has determined that safety has been assured.Slide18
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MANDATORY TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES FOR SPECIFIC TOPICSOverhead Power Lines
Signal PersonsCompetent/Qualified PersonsCrush/Pinch Points – Exposed EmployeesAssembly/DisassemblyTag-OutOperatorsFall ProtectionSlide19
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WORKERS IN THE LOAD AREANo worker can be within the fall zone while the operator is moving a suspended load, except for the following situations:
Workers engaged in hooking, unhooking or guiding a load; Workers engaged in the initial attachment of the load to a component or structure; or Workers operating a concrete hopper or concrete bucket (and other times). Slide20
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When workers must be in the fall zone the following criteria must be met: The materials being hoisted must be rigged to prevent unintentional displacement.
Hooks with self-closing latches or their equivalent must be used. The rigging must be done by a Qualified Rigger. Only workers receiving the load can be within the fall zone when the load is being landed….WORKERS IN THE LOAD AREASlide21
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GROUND CONDITIONSThe Controlling
Entity must ensure that appropriate ground preparations are provided. (Firm, drained and graded, with knowledge of nearby power lines and utilities)Where there is no controlling entity the employer must ensure that appropriate ground preparations are provided. All information known about ground conditions are required to be shared.Slide22
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ASSEMBLY/DISASSEMBLYTwo options
Manufacturer proceduresEmployer procedures – with oversight!General requirements, such as:A/D Director = “competent & qualified person”A/D Director must:Understand proceduresReview procedures (unless A/D Director has used them before) Check that crew members understand their tasks, hazardsFollow manufacturer’s prohibitionsAll rigging work is done by a Qualified RiggerWhen using outriggers - fully extend or deploy as per the load chartSlide23
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CRANE INSPECTIONSAfter ModificationAfter Repair or Adjustment
Post AssemblyEach Shift MonthlyAnnual ComprehensiveSlide24
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Daily/Shiftdoesn’t have to be documented – but if it isn't in writing it doesn’t exist!!!Monthly Inspections
Documented and kept on file for three monthsAdditional Inspection for Tower Crane components upon delivery to site and prior to erection….CRANE INSPECTIONSSlide25
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Annual Inspection DocumentedDetailed inspection criteriaKept on file for 12 months or next annual inspection
Not in regular use:DocumentedIdle more than three monthsMonthly inspection must be performed….CRANE INSPECTIONSSlide26
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Crane Inspections
Inspection TypeWho Inspects
Modified or Repaired/AdjustedQualifiedEmployer Qualified Evaluator
Qualified
Shift
Competent
Monthly
Competent
Annual
QualifiedSlide27
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WIRE ROPE INSPECTION Shift Inspection
Before each shift (doesn’t say to document, but one should)Monthly InspectionAll wire rope, Hooks, Wire Rope Slings, and Chain Slings (Documented)Annual Inspection At least every 12 months, unless not feasible due to set-up.More detailed, including wire rope that is normally hidden during daily/monthly inspections, etc. (Documented)Slide28
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Wire Rope Inspection
Inspection TypeDocumentationDaily
No DocumentationMonthlyDocumented
Annual
Documented
Deficiencies (I, II, III)
DocumentedSlide29
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OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONFor the TYPE
of crane to be operated! Capacity was removed in May 2015.No physical examinations or drug testing requirements, but NCCCO requires signature attesting to both.Re-certification / qualification must be completed every five yearsSlide30
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Option (1) –certification by an accredited crane operator testing organizationAccredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agencyCertification is portableValid for five years
Program must be reviewed by a nationally recognized accrediting agency every three years.….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONSlide31
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….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONOption (2) – qualification by an audited employer program
–Developed or approved by an auditor certified by an accredited crane operator testing organization.Note: NCCCO, NCCER, CIC, and IUOE do not provide audits of In-House Training and Qualification Programs.–Auditor is not an employee of the employerOption (3) – US MilitaryOption (4) – State/LocalSlide32
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Operator Qualification and Certification Chart
Organization
PortabilityValid
Accredited Testing Organization
Yes
5 yrs.
Employer Qualification Pgm.
No
5 yrs.
US Military
No
Set by issuing establishment
State/Local
No
Set By issuing establishment, but no more than 5 yrs.Slide33
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….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONWritten Testing on:– Controls and operational performance
– Ability to calculate the manufacturer’s load/capacity– Procedures for power line contact– Site preparation– Ability to read manuals/charts relevant to the equipment being operated – Technical Knowledge – OperationsSlide34
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….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONPass practical examinationAbility to perform a pre-shift inspectionOperational and maneuvering skills
Application of load chart informationApplication of safe shut down and securing proceduresSlide35
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….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONEmployer must revoke operators certification if they have reason to believe the employee is not qualified to operate.
All programs shall have provisions for retraining employees.The current training records must be on file during the operator’s employment.Slide36
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….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONMany States, and/or Cities now require operators of essentially all cranes to provide proof of license in addition to certification upon request by an investigator.
An employer may be cited by the governing entity for a violation of the requirements, as well as the revoking of the license from the operator.Slide37
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….OPERATOR CERTIFICATION/QUALIFICATIONThere is a four (4) year phase, currently in process, for the employer to get their operators to obtain certification by 11/10/2017.
New operator training will be allowed under the continuous supervision of a certified operator with some minor exceptions.Slide38
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OPERATIONAL AIDSBoom Hoist Limiting Devices
Luffing Jib Limiting Devices Anti-two blocking–(February 28, 1992)(November 8, 2011-Lattice Boom Cranes)Boom Angle or Radius Indicator Jib Angle Indicator Boom Length Indicator Load Weighing and Similar Devices. Slide39
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OPERATIONAL AIDSThey are required, but a temporary alternate measure is permitted when being repaired.
Example – If boom hoist limiting device is not working, the boom angle indicator can be utilized or mark the boom hoist cableNote: There are different categories for replacement parts (I, II, III) – Changes must be communicated to all affected employeesSlide40
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SAFETY DEVICESThe following safety devices
are required on all equipment unless otherwise specified in parts of the standard: Crane Level Indicator Boom/Jib Stops (except for hydraulic booms & derricks) Locks on Equipment with Foot Pedal Brakes Integral Holding Device/Check Valves on hydraulic outrigger jacks and hydraulic stabilizer jacks Equipment on rails must have rail clamps/stops HornSlide41
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POWERLINESIdentify Work ZoneMarking boundaries
or360 degrees around crane up to maximum working radiusSlide42
Could you get within 20 feet of power line?
YES
NO
Option #1
Deenergize & Ground
Encroachment Prevention Measures
(Equipment Operations)
Option #3
Ask Utility for Voltage and
Use Table A
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with minimum clearance distance)
Option #2
20-foot clearance
No further action
Planning meeting
If tag lines used they are to be nonconductive
Elevated warning lines, barricade or line of signs
PLUS
one of the following:
Proximity alarm, spotter, warning device, range limiter, or insulating link
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Must Show
:
Staying outside zone is infeasible Infeasible to deenergize and ground
Intentionally Working Closer Than Table A Zone
All
of the following are required:
Power line owner –
sets minimum approach distance
Planning meeting – minimum procedures
- Dedicated spotter
- Elevated warning line or barricade
- Insulating link/device
- Nonconductive rigging
- Range limiter (if equipped)
- Nonconductive tag line (if used)
- Barricades - 10 feet from equipment
- Limit access to essential workers
- Prohibit non-operator workers from touching
above insulating link
- Properly ground crane
- Deactivate automatic re-energizer
- Insulating line cover-up installed
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Table A – Minimum Clearance Distances
Voltage (nominal, kV, alternating current)
Minimum clearance distance (feet)up to 50
10over 50 to 200
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over 200 to 350
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over 350 to 500
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over 500 to 750
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over 750 to 1000
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over 1000
(as established by the power line owner/operator or registered professional engineer who is a qualified person with respect to electrical
power transmission and
distribution)
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SUMMARYRead the standardDo research
Ask a lot of questionsGet clarificationDon’t be afraid to call OSHA and ask for clarificationReview OSHA’s presentation on line and their fact sheetsSlide47
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Presented by
Shawn Khan
Sales Account ManagerShawn.Khan@cicb.comPhone: (800) 327-1386Local: (407) 277-0884