citizenship in an era of migration A Presentation of the s urvey data on the Perception of Migration Valmiera LV 21 st April 2017 EUROPEAN SAMPLE 3840 RESPONDENTS ID: 630278
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Slide1
“A new
form of European citizenship in an era of migration”A Presentation of the survey data on the Perception of MigrationValmiera (LV), 21st April 2017Slide2
EUROPEAN SAMPLE: 3840 RESPONDENTS
PARTNER COUNTRIESALBANIABELGIUMBULGARIACROATIAGERMANYGREECEMALTA ITALYLATVIAMACEDONIAPOLANDPORTUGALCZECH REPUBLICROMANIASERBIASPAINSlide3
PERCEPTION OF ILLEGAL MIGRATION
80.6% VERY AND SOMEWHAT CONCERNED ABOUT ILLEGAL MIGRATION 19.4% A LITTLE OR NOT CONCERNED COUNTRIES WITH A HIGHER PERCENTAGE:POLAND (97%)ROMANIA (95%)ALBANIA (92%)ITALY (92%)MALTA (91%)PORTUGAL (90%)COUNTRIES WITH LOWER PERCENTAGE:GERMANY (54%)CZECH REP. (61%)GREECE (67%)BELGIUM (68%)32.4% OF 16- TO 20 YEARS OLD ARE VERY OR SOMEWHAT CONCERNED23.0% OF 26- TO 30 YEARS OLD ARE A LITTLE OR NOT CONCERNEDSlide4
PERCEPTION ON THE NUMBER OF ILLEGAL MIGRANTS
Do you think the number of illegal migrants in your country are:COUNTRIES > 46.0% (European average)ALBANIA (78%)PORTUGAL (75%)CZECH REP. (73%)GERMANY (67%) BELGIUM (65%)COUNTRIES < 46.0% (European average)ITALY (19.3%)GREECE (29.9%)%GREATER THAN LEGAL MIGRANTS32.9%EQUAL 21.1%LESS
THAN LEGAL MIGRANTS
46.0%
TOT
100%Slide5
PERCEPTION OF THE EXPLOITATION OF BOTH LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MIGRANTS
According to you, in your country, migrants may be exposed to forms of exploitation? According to you, in your country, do the conditions of illegal migrants increase the risk of exploitation?Always16.0 %29.5 %Sometimes70.7 %62.0 %Never13.3 %8.5 % 86.7% of migrants may be exposed to forms of exploitation 91.5% the conditions of illegal migrants increases the risk of exploitation Slide6
PERCEPTION OF THE EXPLOITATION OF LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MIGRANTS BY COUNTRY
LEGAL MIGRANTSILLEGAL MIGRANTSAlwaysSometimesNeverAlwaysSometimesNeverAlbania7.9%77.5%
14.6
25.8
67.5
6.6
Belgium
8.9%
86.3%
4.8
17.7
74.2
8.1
Bulgaria
9.9%
77.3%
12.8
24.5
71.3
4.3
Croatia
13.5%
68.9%
17.5
16.7
64.1
19.1
Germany
26.6%
71.0%
2.3
31.8
62.6
5.6
Greece
30.2%
66.9%
2.8
48.0
48.0
4.0
Malta
24.3%
75.0%
0.7
33.1
64.7
2.2
Italy
22.3%
54.2%
23.6
45.5
46.6
7.9
Latvia
4.5%
82.1%
13.4
10.1
76.0
13.9
Macedonia
15.8%
70.9%
13.4
21.9
69.2
8.9
Poland
6.1%
83.3%
10.6
9.1
78.8
12.1
Portugal
5.1%
86.0%
8.8
25.0
72.1
2.9
Czech
Rep.
2.5%
65.8%
31.6
13.3
74.7
12.0
Romania
8.5%
71.2%
20.3
8.5
70.6
20.9
Serbia
10.5%
73.7%
15.8
26.3
63.2
10.5
Spain
25.4%
73.4%
1.1
61.6
37.3
1.1Slide7
PERCEPTION OF THE EXPLOITATION OF LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MIGRANTS BY AGE GROUP
LEGAL MIGRANTS ARE ALWAYS EXPLOITATEDILLEGAL MIGRANTS ARE ALWAYS EXPLOITATED16-2026.6%23.1%51-554.1%5.1%56-602.7%3.3%61-651.2%2.1%Over 651.6%1.4%Slide8
PERCEPTION OF MALE AND FEMALE LABOR EXPLOITATION
female labor exploitationmale labor exploitationNot widespread12.6%13.6%A little widespread26.1%27.4%
Somewhat widespread
35.5%
*
34.2%
*
Very
widespread
25.8%
*
24.8%
*
*61.3%
female
labor
exploitation
is
somewhat
and
very
widespread
*59.0%
male
labor
exploitation
is
somewhat
and
very
widespreadSlide9
CHILD LABOR EXPLOITATION
Not widespreadA little widespreadSomewhat widespreadVery widespreadAlbania 7.3 17.2 39.7 35.8Belgium 48.4
24.2
17.7
9.7
Bulgaria
43.6
25.9
22.7
7.8
Croatia
20.7
33.1
34.3
12.0
Germany
16.8
36.9
32.7
13.6
Greece
4.0
10.5
35.5
50.0
Malta
15.4
30.9
32.421.3Italy12.129.834.523.6Latvia50.343.66.10.0Macedonia 15.829.632.821.9Poland 54.534.89.11.5Portugal 6.619.145.628.7Czech Rep.42.439.215.23.2Romania 13.133.336.617.0Serbia 10.5 47.421.121.1Spain 7.919.232.840.1
European percentages 49.7% CHILD LABOR EXPLOITATION IS NOT OR A LITTLE WIDESPREAD50.3%CHILD LABOR EXPLOITATION IS SOMEWHAT OR VERY WIDESPREAD
The
distribution
among
countriesSlide10
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION AND ORGANIZED CRIME
Countries with higher percentage than 53.9%:MIGRATION INEVITABLY AFFECTS THE SPREAD OF CRIMESTRONGLY DISAGREE10.2%46.1%DISAGREE35.9%AGREE36.4%53.9%STRONGLY AGREE17.5%BULGARIA 88,9%MACEDONIA 69.4%CZECH REP.
65.6%
LETTONIA 64.5%
CROATIA 60.3%
ITALIA 59.8%
MALTA 58.0%
BELGIUM 57.2%Slide11
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION AND ORGANIZED CRIME
ORGANIZED CRIME RECRUITS MIGRANTSStrongly disagree3.3% 29.6%Disagree26.3%Agree55.0%70.4%Strongly agree15.4%Countries with higher percentageCountries with lower
percentage
ITALY 82.3%
ROMANIA 40.9%
BELGIUM 78.3%
POLAND 28.1%Slide12
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION AND CRIME
61% of respondents strongly disagree or disagree39% agree or strongly agreeMigrants enter organized crime networks voluntarily Strongly disagree12.7%61.0%Disagree48.3%Agree31.5%39.0%Strongly agree7.5%Slide13
MAIN OBJECTIVE OF GOVERNMENT
LIMIT MIGRATION 31.1%COMBAT ORGANIZED CRIME 20.7%TO STOP THE BANKING AND FINANCIAL SECTOR FROM MAKING UNETHICAL PROFITS (BANKING SPECULATION) 19.7%PROTECT THE RIGHT OF FREEDOM AND SPEECH AND PRINT 13.8%NONE OF THEESE 14.7%COUNTRIES WITH HIGHER PERCENTAGE THAN THE EUROPEAN PERCENTAGE COUNTRIES WITH PENCENTAGE AROUND THE EUROPEAN PERCENTAGECOUNTRIES WITH PERCENTAGE LOWER THAN THE EUROPEAN PERCENTAGEPORTUGAL 43% vs 31%MALTASERBIA 17% vs 31%CZECH REP. 17% vs 31%LATVIA 41% vs 31%BELGIUMALBANIA 19% vs 31%GREECE 39% vs 31%MACEDONIAPOLAND 22% vs 31%ROMANIA 22% vs 31%BULGARIA
CROAZIA 23% vs 31%
ITALY
SPAIN 24% vs 31%
GERMANY 25% vs 31%
REGARDING “LIMITING MIGRATION”
(31%)
27.9% OF THOSE WHO CHOSE “LIMIT MIGRATION” ARE BETWEEN 16 AND 20 YEARS OLD. Slide14
OPINIONS ON OPENING BORDERS VS CLOSING BORDERS
With which of the following statements do you most agree?PERCENTAGESWE MUST UNCONDITIONALLY OPEN ALL NATIONAL BORDERS, ACCEPTING A MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY31.5%WE MUST ACCEPT MIGRANTS WITH CONDITIONS ONLY AFTER GUARANTEEING JOBS FOR OUR CITIZENS47.9%WE MUST CLOSE AND CONTROL BORDERS TO DEFEND THE IDENTITY OF OUR NATIONAL COUNTRY.20.6%Slide15
OPINIONS ON OPENING BORDERS VS CLOSING BORDERS
Partner countries distributionCOUNTRIESUNCONDITIONAL OPENINGCONDITIONAL OPENINGUNCONDITIONAL CLOSINGTOT.ALBANIA25.2%69.9%4.9%100%BELGIUM28.2%51.6%20.2%100%BULGARIA3.6%55.8%40.6%100%CROATIA20.5%56.1%23.4%100%
GERMANY
61.8%
30.7%
7.5%
100%
GREECE
38.1%
33.5%
28.4%
100%
MALTA
43.0%
44.5%
12.5%
100%
ITALY
40.3%
47.1%
12.6%
100%
LATVIA
14.0%
63.4%
22.7%
100%
MACEDONIA
18.7%
42.1%
39.1%100%POLAND6.7%68.3%25.0%100%PORTUGAL63.5%35.7%0.8%100%CZECH REP.9.3%42.7%48.0%100%ROMANIA26.5%59.2%14.3%100%SERBIA50.0%44.4%5.6%100%SPAIN62.9%36.5%0.6%100%Slide16
SUGGESTIONS FOR POLICY MAKERS
POLITICAL STRATEGIES TO CREATE A PATHWAY TO LEGAL MIGRATIONPOLICIES TO COMBAT AGAINST SOCIAL PANIC AND RACISM. POLITICAL AWARENESS OF THE PHENOMENON OF MIGRATION EDUCATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESPECT OF “THE OTHER”THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION