Breathing Emergencies Ch. 6 - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Breathing Emergencies

Ch. 6Slide2

The process of inhaling and exhaling oxygen from the lungs

Every inhale brings life-sustaining oxygen into every part of the body

Oxygen travels into the blood vessels in the lungs & travels throughout the bodyWithout a steady supply of oxygen, humans cannot survive

What is breathing?Slide3

0 minutes: breathing stops, heart will soon stop beating

4-6 minutes

: brain damage possible, cells begin to die6-10 minutes: brain damage likely

>10 minutes: irreversible brain damage certain

Without Breath…Slide4

Respiratory Distress

A condition in which breathing is difficult

Respiratory ArrestA condition in which breathing stops

Breathing emergenciesSlide5

Abnormal breathing

Slow/rapid breathing

Deep/shallow breathingGasping for airWheezing or gurglingMoist or cool skin

Flushed, pale, ashen, or bluish skinDizzy/light headedPain in chest

Tingling in hands, feet, lips

Respiratory Distress: Signs & SymptomsSlide6

Chronic Conditions

Asthma

EmphysemaAnaphylactic ShockPartially block airway

IllnessDrug PoisoningEmotional distress

Respiratory Distress: CausesSlide7

Respiratory Distress: SmokingSlide8

Condition that narrows the air passages due to spasm of the muscle lining the bronchi

Treated with an inhaler & medications to stop spasms

AsthmaSlide9

Disease where lungs and alveoli lose ability to exchange Co2 and Oxygen effectively

Develops over a long period of time due to smoking

EmphysemaSlide10

Inflammation of the lining of the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles

Build up of mucus with obstructs air exchange in lungs

Can be caused by smoking or other irritants

BronchitisSlide11

Severe allergic reaction

Bee sting, food, certain meds.

Air passages swell and restrict breathingCan be life threatening if not treated immediately

Anaphylactic ShockSlide12

Can result from fear/anxiety

Can be caused by head injuries, severe bleeding

More likely to occur in tense and nervous peopleMay feel like suffocation

HyperventilationSlide13

C

heck

The scene for safetyOther life-threatening causesIs the victim conscious

Call9-1-1C

are

Rest in victim in comfortable position

Loosen any tight clothing

Provide fresh air if possible (open window/door)

Monitor and assist the victim any way possible

Respiratory Distress: CareSlide14

SignalsAgitation

Fast/slow breathing

DrowsinessNoisy breathingPale, ashen, bluish skin

Increased breathingAltered level of consciousness

Increased heart rate

Respiratory Distress: ChildrenSlide15

Croup

Viral infection

Swells tissues around vocal chordsCough that sounds like a bark/sealUsually last 1-2 days, sometimes accompanied by a fever

EpiglottitisBacterial infection

Inflammation of

epiglottis

flap of tissue that blocks the vocal chords when swallowing

Can completely block airway when swollen

Fever/sore throat

Respiratory Distress: ChildrenSlide16

Anatomical

Airway is blocked by tongue or swollen tissues

Could be from injury or anaphylaxisAnatomical: occurring from your own

anatomyMechanicalAirway is blocked by foreign objectFood, toy, fluid such as vomit/blood

Airway ObstructionSlide17

Trying to swallow too large of a piece of food/poorly chewed food

Drinking alcohol before or during meals

Alcohol dulls the nerves that aid in swallowingDenturesMake sensing how well chewed food is before swallowing

Eating while talking, laughing, or eating too fastWalking, running with food/objects in mouth

What can cause airway obstruction?Slide18

Encourage the victim to cough

Could dislodge the mechanical obstruction

If coughing does not improve the situation or the situation becomes worse you need to take further action…

Caring for Airway ObstructionSlide19

An object is completely blocking the flow of air into the lungs

Universal sign: two hands clutching the throat

Care: 5 back blows followed by abdominal thrusts (Heimlich Maneuver)

Complete Airway ObstructionSlide20

Abdominal Thrusts

Place the thumbs against the middle of the victims abdomen, just above navel & well below the breastbone

Compress abdomen and create pressure that forces the diaphragm up putting pressure to push out the object

Care of Airway ObstructionSlide21

Make a fist with 1 hand and place thumb side on abdomen. Grasp your fist and give quick upward thrusts

Use a chair/railing/sink to help give thrusts

Choking Alone…now what??Slide22

Get on their levelFollow same as adults

Back blows

Abdominal thrusts

Airway Obstruction: ChildrenSlide23

Sandwich the infant between your forearms. Support the infants head & neck by holding the jaw between your thumb and forefingers

Turn infant over so it’s face down in your forearm. Give 5 firm back blows with the heel of your hand.

Support your arm holding the infant on your thigh.

Airway Obstruction: InfantsSlide24

Chest Thrusts

Sandwich infant between forearms, supporting the head

Turn infant onto its back and support your arm on your thighInfants head should be lower than chestGive 5 chest thrusts

Airway Obstruction: InfantsSlide25

Conscious & Unconscious

Adult

Infant

Once victim is unconscious bring them to the floor

Look, listen, and feel for breath

2 rescue breaths

See if breaths go in by observing chest

If they did not go in give 30 chest compressions

Lay the child down

Look, listen, feel

2 rescue breaths

Observe chest

If they did not go in give 30 chest compressions

Check for object

If object is visible, finger sweep the object

If not visible continue with 2 rescue breaths & 30 chest compression sequenceSlide26

Finger sweepSlide27

Use less air than you would with adult

DO NOT tilt head and chin back; only far enough to get air in

1 breath, every 3 secondsEach breath should last 1 second

Rescue Breath: ChildSlide28

Cover both nose & mouth with your mouth

1 breath every 3 seconds

Breathe only until you see chest riseDo not over inflate lungsRecheck for signs of life

Rescue Breath: InfantSlide29

Resuscitation masks & face shields to protect you

Breathing BarriersSlide30

Victim begins to breathe on their own

The scene is unsafe

Another trained person can take over for youEMS arriveYou are too exhausted to continue

When to STOP