Day 2 1 Today Hardware and Software How computers store data How a program works Operators types input Print function Running the debugger 2 Hardware Physical devices components CPU central processing unit Actually runs the program Today microprocessors which fit on a singl ID: 611034
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CS 0008Day 2
1Slide2
Today
Hardware and SoftwareHow computers store data
How a program works
Operators, types, input
Print functionRunning the debugger
2Slide3
Hardware
Physical devices; componentsCPU – central processing unit. Actually runs the program. Today: microprocessors which fit on a single chip
Main memory – stores the program currently being executed and the data. E.g., your Python program and its variables; text editor and the document you are editing
Random Access Memory – volatile – when the power is turned off, contents are erased
3Slide4
Hardware
Secondary storage – holds data even when the power is turned off. Programs and documents you are saving are stored in secondary storage, and loaded into Main Memory as needed. Common: disk drive.
Input devices – keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, sensors, etc.
Output devices – video display, printers, etc.
4Slide5
Software
Programs; codeSystem software
vs
application software
5Slide6
System Software
Controls and manages the computerUsers typically do not modify it
Operating system – fundamental! Controls everything. Arranges for data and programs to be loaded into Main Memory; arranges for programs to be run; manages I/O devices; etc.
Linux, Mac OS, Windows are operating systems
6Slide7
Application Software
Editors, powerpoint
, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web
browers
, email programs, programs to calculate financial information, etc!
7Slide8
How Computers Store Data
All information is converted into strings of 0s and 1s (really!)Bit – binary digit; 1/0; on/off
Byte – 8 bits
Storing numbers and letters (on the board)
8Slide9
How a program works
On the boardThen, back to Python
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