EDU 240 Assignment 3 Chan Sharon Gretel Eng Min Qi Haziqah Farhan Binte Khansani Marissa Liliana Binte Martono and Nur Shakira Amalina Bte Shaik ID: 344328
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D
YSLEXIA
EDU 240 / Assignment #3
Chan Sharon, Gretel
Eng
Min Qi,
Haziqah
Farhan
Binte
Khansani
,
Marissa Liliana
Binte
Martono
and
Nur
Shakira
Amalina
Bte
Shaik
Alwi
Siti
Sakinah
Binti
RosliSlide3
WHAT IS
DYSLEXIA
?
“Dyslexia is a disorder manifested in learning to read despite
conventional instruction
,
adequate intelligence
, and
socio-cultural opportunity
. It is dependent upon fundamental cognitive disabilities which are frequently of constitutional origin.”
(
Critchley
, 1970)Slide4
WHAT IS
DYSLEXIA
?
Having
difficulties
with
reading
and
spelling
.
Convenient
label to describe a
learning disability
.
Characterized by
difficulty
in
reading
,
spelling
,
handwriting
,
language
and
memory
.Slide5
WHAT
CAUSES
IT?
Many theories but
no
confirmed cause.
Evidence points that dyslexia is an
inherited condition
.
Affect
more
boys
than
girls
(4:1).Slide6
Video
: “How it’s like being dyslexic?”Slide7
HOW DOES
IT
LOOK
LIKE?
Gets
left
and
right
mixed up
.
Reverse
numbers
&
letters
without realizing.
Longer time
to learn
alphabets
and to
speak
.
Problem
with
spatial awareness
.Slide8
HOW DOES
IT
LOOK
LIKE?
Difficulties learning to
read
and
mispronouncing words
.
Struggles with
sequencing ideas
&
recalling sequences
.
Difficulties
distinguishing
different
word sounds
.Slide9
HOW
OFTEN
DOES IT
OCCUR
?
70
to
80%
of
individuals with
reading difficulties
are typically diagnosed with
dyslexia
.
Affects
5
to
15%
of the
world population
.
Approximate
minimum
prevalence of
dyslexia
is
5%
.
(Dyslexia International,
n.d.
)
(Baird, 2006 & Baron-Cohen, 2009 as cited in
Thambirajah
, 2010)Slide10
HOW
OFTEN
DOES IT
OCCUR
?
1996
, Dyslexia Association of Singapore estimated
90,000
people diagnosed.
In
SINGAPORE
,
20,000
primary & secondary school students affected.
(
Jin
et al., 2011)
(Foo, 1996 cited in Chee &
Kok
, 2013)
2.5
to
5%
of individuals between
preschool age to 18
.
(Ng, 2012)
10%
of Singaporean
diagnosed.
(FACETS, 2014)Slide11
WHAT
DIFFICULTIES
ARE THEY
FACING?
SOCIAL
Prone to
bullying
.
Lack of friends
due to delinquent behavior.Slide12
WHAT
DIFFICULTIES
ARE THEY
FACING?
Emotional
Low self-esteem
due to
poor school achievements
.
Negative
outlook in life.
May
suffer from
loneliness, depression and anxiety disorder
.Slide13
WHAT
DIFFICULTIES
ARE THEY
FACING?
ACADEMIC
Phonological delay
Poor
literacy skills
Poor
memory retention skills
Concentration
difficulties
Slow
processing
Visual-memory
deficitSlide14
HOW TO
HELP
THEM?
Modifications to classroom practices
Breaking down
instructions
Blocking out
external stimuli
Explicit
teaching procedures
Repeating
directions
Motivation
Varied
learning opportunitiesSlide15
HOW TO
HELP
THEM?
Multi-sensory teaching
Systematic
&
C
umulative
Synthetic
&
Analytic
Visual, Auditory & Kinesthetic-tactile (VAKT)
Direct
&
Explicit
Diagnostic
&
Prescriptive
Orton-
Gillingham
Approach (O-G)Slide16
“My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean”
the
/b/ sound
My Bonnie lies over the ocean
My Bonnie lies over the sea
My Bonnie lies over the ocean
Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me...
Bring back, bring back
Bring back my Bonnie to me, to me
Bring back, bring back
Bring back my Bonnie to meSlide17
WHERE TO
FIND HELP
?
Organizations
Services
Specialized
Educational Services (SES)
Chinese Remediation Programs
Math program
Pre-school early intervention
Dyslexia
Association of Singapore (DAS)
Ministry
of Education (MOE) aided DAS literacy
program
Speech & Language therapy
Occupational therapy
Dyslexia
Correction Services, SG
The
Davis Treatment:
Davis Reading Program for Young Learners
Davis Dyslexia Correction Program
Davis Math MysterySlide18
TO SUM
IT UP,
Dyslexia
is
prevalent
in our society, though not well recognized, it is a
life-long condition
which affects both children in school and adults in their
vocational
and
social environment
.
With appropriate teaching methods, dyslexics can learn successfully.