PPT-Darwin, Evolution, and Natural Selection

Scientific Theory Social use of the word theory Not the same as in science Implies a hunch or a casual guess Scientific Theory 1 Highly probable explanation based on vast collections of scientific data. Evolution. Believed to be 4.5 billion years old. Thought to have had a very anaerobic atmosphere. Earliest organisms were able to survive primitive environments. Prokaryotes that resemble today’s bacteria. Change over time…. Geology. Began to study rock layers called strata. George Cuvier. Studied fossils. Found extinct species and noticed the deeper the fossil the more unique. Catastrophism. Charles Lyell. Evolution- changes in the characteristics of groups of organisms over time . Charles Darwin was the first to propose a feasible . mechanism. for evolution. It is called . natural selection. . . Evolution by Natural Selection is a theory. . How would Hutton and Lyell explain the formation of the Grand Canyon. 2 . Review. What is an acquired characteristic and what role did Lamarck think they played in evolution. 3 . Review. What is artificial selection. Danielle Donahue. Aa. A. daptation: a well fitted feature that aids in the survival of a population. Example: the blind cave salamander has no use for eyes because they live in complete darkness. Bb. EARLY THEORIES OF EVOLUTION. DARWIN, WALLACE, & . THE ORIGIN. DARWIN’S THEORIES OF EVOLUTION. WHAT EVOLUTION IS NOT. MODERN SYNTHESIS. BIOGEOGRAPHY. SCHOOLS OF SYSTEMATICS. Early theories of natural history and classification treated living things as immutable and were . published 1844, anonymously by Robert Chambers. Elaborated the idea that all matter, inorganic and organic, evolved out of inorganic dust by the accumulation of accidental mutations caused somehow by changes in nutrition or environment.. Evolutionary Ideas. A. lthough Darwin is given much credit for evolutionary theory, he was not the first person to come up with the idea.. Evolution is the change in a population over time.. The concept of evolution had been discussed for more than 100 years prior to Darwin’s theory.. Charles Darwin (1809-1882). Charles Darwin—A Summary. British Naturalist. Sailed aboard the . H.M.S. Beagle in 1831. Observed the wide variety of different animals in the Galapagos Islands on this trip. Early scientists proposed ideas about evolution. . Evolution is the biological change process by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.. A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce and have fertile offspring.. Week 9:. By Mackenzie and Emily. Michael Banton, . Racial Theories . (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), Ch. 4, ‘Race as Subspecies’, pp. 81-116. ‘With the recognition that plant and animal populations were distinguished by the gene frequencies they had acquired in the course of evolution… a new foundation was laid for biological science’ (p. 116).. wallace. and was explained in book “ on the origin of species by means of Natural Selection . . Darwin put the theory based on his observations as he travelled round the world on the ship Beagle.. Course Objectives. Describe the importance of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Charles Darwin, Alfred Wallace, Charles Lyell, Stephen Jay Gould, to the development of evolutionary theory.. Describe five ways that fossils can form including amber, tar pits, petrification, sedimentary rocks, and ice.. What is a scientific theory?. In science, the word theory applies to a well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations and hypotheses and that enables scientists to make accurate predictions about new situations..