13 Classification of Skill Why do we classify skill To understand the nature of skilled performance To provide a basis of which types and methods of training will be most successful The performance of a skill may greatly vary as they are performed in changing environments ID: 278591
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Slide1
How can skills be classified on a continuum?
1.3 Classification of SkillSlide2
Why do we classify skill?
To understand the nature of skilled performance
To provide a basis of which types and methods of training will be most successful
The performance of a skill may greatly vary as they are performed in changing environments.This makes classification a difficult process and is why Continua are used.A continuum is a link between two extremes which blend together gradually.We are concerned with 4 Continua…Open-ClosedSelf Paced- Externally PacedGross-FineDiscrete-Serial-ContinuousSlide3
Open – Closed Continuum
How stable is the environment?
Does what is happening in the environment affect how the skill is performed?
How cognitive or perceptual is the skill?OpenUnstable, changing environmentOpponents, team mates, flight of the ballPerformance highly affected by change
Required to change depending on teammates
High level of cognitive/perceptual skill
High levels of decision making
Closed
Stable, unchanging environmentAthletics area (Shot Putt) or Gymnastics routine Performance not affected by changeNo attention needed to actions of othersLow level of cognitive/perceptual skillLittle decision making requiredSlide4
Externally Paced- Self Paced Continuum
What Controls the rate or pace at which the skill is performed?
What controls the start of the movement?
Externally PacedThe rate of movement is controlled by external factorsReceiving an opponents serve in TennisThe initiation of movement is controlled by external factors
Defender reacting to the movement of a forward
Self Paced
The rate of movement is controlled by the performer
Speed of rotation in a gymnastic somersault
The initiation of movement is controlled by the performer
Start of a dive in a competitionSlide5
Gross- Fine Continuum
Are large or small muscle groups used when performing the action?
Gross
Major body movements involving large muscle groupsAssociated with strength, power and enduranceOften a fundamental motor pattern
Kicking, Throwing a ball, shot putt, long jump etc.
Fine
Intricate, fine movements involving small muscle groups
Associated with accuracy and precision
Requires high levels of hand-eye coordination
Table tennis shot, Dart throw etc.Slide6
Discrete- Serial- Continuous Continuum
Is there a clear beginning and end to the movement?
Is it composed of a number of separate elements?
DiscreteSingle specific skillClear beginning and endBasketball free-throw
Serial
A number of discrete skills chained together
First movement triggers the next
Gym routine, triple jump
Continuous
Movement is on-goingEnd of one cycle leads to the beginning of another
Cycling, Swimming, runningSlide7
Placing Skills on the Continuum
Open Closed
Externally Paced Self Paced
Gross FineDiscrete Continuous
Chest Pass
i
n netball
Dive
Return of table-tennis serve
Swimming front crawl
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